Journal of Microbiology

Volume 59(10); October 2021

Journal Articles

[PROTOCOL] Flow cytometric monitoring of the bacterial phenotypic diversity in aquatic ecosystems: Jin-Kyung Hong , Soo Bin Kim , Seok Hyun Ahn , Yongjoo Choi , Tae Kwon Lee; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(10):879-885. Published online September 23, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1443-7

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Flow cytometry is a promising tool used to identify the phenotypic features of bacterial communities in aquatic ecosystems by measuring the physical and chemical properties of cells based on their light scattering behavior and fluorescence. Compared to molecular or culture-based approaches, flow cytometry is suitable for the online monitoring of microbial water quality because of its relatively simple sample preparation process, rapid analysis time, and high-resolution phenotypic data. Advanced statistical techniques (e.g., denoising and binning) can be utilized to successfully calculate phenotypic diversity by processing the scatter data obtained from flow cytometry. These phenotypic diversities were well correlated with taxonomic-based diversity computed using nextgeneration 16S RNA gene sequencing. The protocol provided in this paper should be a useful guide for a fast and reliable flow cytometric monitoring of bacterial phenotypic diversity in aquatic ecosystems.

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Assessing long-term ecological impacts of PCE contamination in groundwater using a flow cytometric fingerprint approach
Jin-Kyung Hong, Soo Bin Kim, Gui Nam Wee, Bo Ram Kang, Jee Hyun No, Susmita Das Nishu, Joonhong Park, Tae Kwon Lee
Science of The Total Environment.2024; 931: 172698. CrossRef
Phenotypic shifts induced by environmental pre-stressors modify antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
Gui Nam Wee, Eun Sun Lyou, Susmita Das Nishu, Tae Kwon Lee
Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Description of Microbacterium luteum sp. nov., Microbacterium cremeum sp. nov., and Microbacterium atlanticum sp. nov., three novel C50 carotenoid producing bacteria: Fuquan Xie , Siwen Niu , Xihuang Lin , Shengxiang Pei , Li Jiang , Yun Tian , Gaiyun Zhang; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(10):886-897. Published online September 7, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1186-5

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Abstract

We have identified three Microbacterium strains, A18JL200T, NY27T, and WY121T, that produce C50 carotenoids. Taxonomy shows they represent three novel species. These strains shared < 98.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity with each other and were closely related to Microbacterium aquimaris JCM 15625T, Microbacterium yannicii JCM 18959T, Microbacterium ureisolvens CFH S00084T, and Microbacterium hibisci CCTCC AB 2016180T. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values and average nucleotide identity (ANI) showed differences among the three strains and from their closest relatives, with values ranging from 20.4% to 34.6% and 75.5% to 87.6%, respectively. These values are below the threshold for species discrimination. Both morphology and physiology also differed from those of phylogenetically related Microbacterium species, supporting that they are indeed novel species. These strains produce C50 carotenoids (mainly decaprenoxanthin). Among the three novel species, A18JL200T had the highest total yield in carotenoids (6.1 mg/L or 1.2 mg/g dry cell weight). Unusual dual isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways (methylerythritol phosphate and mevalonate pathways) were annotated for strain A18JL200T. In summary, we found strains of the genus Microbacterium that are potential producers of C50 carotenoids, but their genome has to be investigated further.

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Sijie Zhang, Lin Ou, Cuiping Yi, Qiutao Xie, Yang Shan
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Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Microbacterium forte sp. nov., a mutualistic association that favors sustainable hydrogen production
Neda Fakhimi, María Jesus Torres, Emilio Fernández, Aurora Galván, Alexandra Dubini, David González-Ballester
Science of The Total Environment.2024; 913: 169559. CrossRef
Discovery of a new bacterium, Microbacterium betulae sp. nov., in birch wood associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis in woodworkers
Mariola Paściak, Krzysztof J. Pawlik, Dariusz Martynowski, Łukasz Łaczmański, Jarosław Ciekot, Bogumiła Szponar, Angelina Wójcik‐Fatla, Barbara Mackiewicz, Ewelina Farian, Grażyna Cholewa, Alicja Cholewa, Jacek Dutkiewicz
Environmental Microbiology Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Microbacterium aquilitoris sp. nov. and Microbacterium gwkjiense sp. nov., isolated from beach
Soon Dong Lee, Hong Lim Yang, Ji-Sun Kim, In Seop Kim
Archives of Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Microbacterium algihabitans sp. nov., Microbacterium phycohabitans sp. nov., and Microbacterium galbum sp. nov., isolated from dried beach seaweeds
Soon Dong Lee, Hong Lim Yang, In Seop Kim
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Association between the gut microbiome and carotenoid plumage phenotype in an avian hybrid zone
Marcella D. Baiz, Andrew W. Wood, David P. L. Toews
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Description of Microbacterium dauci sp. nov., a plant growth hormone indoleacetic acid-producing and nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from carrot rhizosphere soil
Jiawen Zheng, Yunyu Liao, Yang Li, Dongsheng Li, Yaping Sun, Zijun Xiao
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Jian Xiao, Tian Liang, Shangdong Yang, Hongwei Tan
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Evaluation of Various Escherichia coli Strains for Enhanced Lycopene Production
Jun Ren, Junhao Shen, Thi Duc Thai, Min-gyun Kim, Seung Ho Lee, Wonseop Lim, Dokyun Na
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Effects of flavonoids on membrane adaptation of food-associated bacteria
Maria Linden, Alexander Flegler, Michelle M. Feuereisen, Fabian Weber, André Lipski, Andreas Schieber
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Four new Microbacterium species isolated from seaweeds and reclassification of five Microbacterium species with a proposal of Paramicrobacterium gen. nov. under a genome-based framework of the genus Microbacterium
Soon Dong Lee, Hong Lim Yang, In Seop Kim
Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Microbacterium Cluster EA Bacteriophages: Phylogenomic Relationships and Host Range Predictions
Mark Milhaven, Cyril J. Versoza, Aman Garg, Lindsey Cai, Sanjana Cherian, Kamalei Johnson, Kevin Salas Perez, Madison Blanco, Jackelyn Lobatos, Corinne Mitra, Maria Strasser, Susanne P. Pfeifer
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Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM. Validation List no. 203
Aharon Oren, George M. Garrity
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Brevibacterium limosum sp. nov., Brevibacterium pigmenatum sp. nov., and Brevibacterium atlanticum sp. nov., three novel dye decolorizing actinobacteria isolated from ocean sediments: Shengxiang Pei , Siwen Niu , Fuquan Xie , Wenjing Wang , Shuang Zhang , Gaiyun Zhang; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(10):898-910. Published online September 7, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1235-0

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Abstract

During a study of the marine actinobacterial biodiversity, a large number of Brevibacterium strains were isolated. Of these, five that have relatively low 16S rRNA gene similarity (98.5– 99.3%) with validly published Brevibacterium species, were chosen to determine taxonomic positions. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and BOX-PCR fingerprinting, strains o2T, YB235T, and WO024T were selected as representative strains. Genomic analyses, including average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), clearly differentiated the three strains from each other and from their closest relatives, with values ranging from 82.8% to 91.5% for ANI and from 26.7% to 46.5% for dDDH that below the threshold for species delineation. Strains YB235T, WO024T, and o2T all exhibited strong and efficient decolorization activity in congo red (CR) dyes, moderate decolorization activity in toluidine blue (TB) dyes and poor decolorization in reactive blue (RB) dyes. Genes coding for peroxidases and laccases were identified and accounted for these strains’ ability to effectively oxidize a variety of dyes with different chemical structures. Mining of the whole genome for secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters revealed the presence of gene clusters encoding for bacteriocin, ectoine, NRPS, siderophore, T3PKS, terpene, and thiopeptide. Based on the phylogenetic, genotypic and phenotypic data, strains o2T, YB235T and WO024T clearly represent three novel taxa within the genus Brevibacterium, for which the names Brevibacterium limosum sp. nov. (type strain o2T = JCM 33844T = MCCC 1A09961T), Brevibacterium pigmenatum sp. nov. (type strain YB235T = JCM 33843T = MCCC 1A09842T) and Brevibacterium atlanticum sp. nov. (type strain WO024T = JCM 33846T = MCCC 1A16743T) are proposed.

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Brevibacterium litoralis sp. nov., a cellulose-degrading strain isolated from marine surface sediment
Quan Yang, Aolin Zhao, Haifei Liu, Jiawei Li, Shujing Wu, Ying Huang, Jie Weng, Mingguo Jiang, Yi Jiang
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Functional genomics and taxonomic insights into heavy metal tolerant novel bacterium Brevibacterium metallidurans sp. nov. NCCP-602T isolated from tannery effluent in Pakistan
Sadia Manzoor, Saira Abbas, Sobia Zulfiqar, Hong-Chuan Wang, Min Xiao, Wen-Jun Li, Muhammad Arshad, Iftikhar Ahmed
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Saxibacter everestensis gen. nov., sp. nov., A Novel Member of the Family Brevibacteriaceae, Isolated from the North Slope of Mount Everest
Mao Tian, Shiyu Wu, Wei Zhang, Gaosen Zhang, Xue Yu, Yujie Wu, Puchao Jia, Binglin Zhang, Tuo Chen, Guangxiu Liu
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(4): 277. CrossRef
Omics-Based Approaches in Research on Textile Dye Microbial Decolorization
Anna Jasińska, Aleksandra Walaszczyk, Katarzyna Paraszkiewicz
Molecules.2024; 29(12): 2771. CrossRef
Exploring actinobacteria isolated from coral originated from Tulamben Bali in inhibiting multidrug resistance bacteria
Fajar Hidayaturohman, Aninditia Sabdaningsih, Diah Ayuningrum
Asia Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology.2024; : 101. CrossRef
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Larissa Caló Zitelli, Gabriela Merker Breyer, Mariana Costa Torres, Luiza de Campos Menetrier, Ana Paula Muterle Varela, Fabiana Quoos Mayer, Cláudio Estêvão Farias Cruz, Franciele Maboni Siqueira
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Mimi Zhang, Qianqian Song, Jin Sang, Zhiyong Li
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring the biosynthetic gene clusters in Brevibacterium: a comparative genomic analysis of diversity and distribution
Andrés Cumsille, Néstor Serna-Cardona, Valentina González, Fernanda Claverías, Agustina Undabarrena, Vania Molina, Francisco Salvà-Serra, Edward R.B. Moore, Beatriz Cámara
BMC Genomics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Identification, characterization, and genome sequencing of Brevibacterium sediminis MG-1 isolate with growth-promoting properties
Marat Tafkilevich Lutfullin, Guzel Fanisovna Lutfullina, Dasha Sergeevna Pudova, Yaw Abayie Akosah, Elena Ilyasovna Shagimardanova, Semyon Germanovich Vologin, Margarita Rashidovna Sharipova, Ayslu Mirkasymovna Mardanova
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The transcription factor Cas5 suppresses hyphal morphogenesis during yeast-form growth in Candida albicans: Jong-Myeong Kim , Hye Yun Moon , Dong Wook Lee , Hyun Ah Kang , Jeong-Yoon Kim; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(10):911-919. Published online September 7, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1326-y

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Abstract

Candida albicans is an opportunistic human pathogen that exists as yeast, hyphal or pseudohyphal forms depending on pH, nutrients, and temperature. The morphological transition from yeast to hyphae, which is required for the complete virulence of C. albicans, is controlled by many transcription factors that activate or repress hypha-specific genes. The C. albicans transcriptional factor Cas5, a key regulator of genes involved in cell wall integrity, affects the susceptibility of C. albicans to fluconazole, an inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis. In this study, we found that deletion of CAS5 in C. albicans decreased the expression levels of a set of ergosterol biosynthesis genes, such as ERG2, ERG3, ERG5, ERG6, ERG11, and ERG24,
result
ing in the accumulation of lanosterol and zymosterol, which are intermediate metabolites in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. Interestingly, it was observed that the cas5Δ/Δ mutant could not maintain the yeast form under non-hyphainducing conditions, while the CAS5-overexpressing cells could not form hyphae under hypha-inducing conditions. Consistent with these observations, the cas5Δ/Δ mutant highly expressed hypha-specific genes, ALS3, ECE1, and HWP1, under non-hypha-inducing conditions. In addition, CAS5 transcription was significantly downregulated immediately after hyphal initiation in the wild-type strain. Furthermore, the cas5Δ/Δ mutant reduced the transcription of NRG1, which encodes a major repressor of hyphal morphogenesis, while Cas5 overexpression increased the transcription of NRG1 under hyphainducing conditions. Collectively, this study suggests the potential role of Cas5 as a repressor of hypha-specific genes during yeast-form growth of C. albicans.

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The Role of Sfp1 in Candida albicans Cell Wall Maintenance
Che-Kang Chang, Min-Chi Yang, Hsueh-Fen Chen, Yi-Ling Liao, Chung-Yu Lan
Journal of Fungi.2022; 8(11): 1196. CrossRef

The small RNA RsaF regulates the expression of secreted virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus Newman: Niralee Patel , Mrinalini Nair; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(10):920-930. Published online September 23, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1205-6

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Abstract

The pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus, from local infections to systemic dissemination, is mediated by a battery of virulence factors that are regulated by intricate mechanisms, which include regulatory proteins and small RNAs (sRNAs) as key regulatory molecules. We have investigated the involvement of sRNA RsaF, in the regulation of pathogenicity genes hyaluronate lyase (hysA) and serine proteaselike protein D (splD), by employing S. aureus strains with disruption and overexpression of rsaF. Staphylococcus aureus strain with disruption of rsaF exhibited marked down-regulation of hysA transcripts by 0.2 to 0.0002 fold, and hyaluronate lyase activity by 0.2–0.1 fold, as well as increased biofilm formation, during growth from log phase to stationery phase. These mutants also displayed down-regulation of splD transcripts by 0.8 to 0.005 fold, and reduced activity of multiple proteases by zymography. Conversely, overexpression of rsaF resulted in a 2- to 4- fold increase in hysA mRNA levels and hyaluronidase activity. Both hysA and splD mRNAs demonstrated an increased stability in RsaF+ strains. In silico RNA-RNA interaction indicated a direct base pairing of RsaF with hysA and splD mRNAs, which was established in electrophoretic mobility shift assays. The findings demonstrate a positive regulatory role for small RNA RsaF in the expression of the virulence factors, HysA and SplD.

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Rational Design of High-Efficiency Synthetic Small Regulatory RNAs and Their Application in Robust Genetic Circuit Performance Through Tight Control of Leaky Gene Expression
Jun Ren, Nuong Thi Nong, Phuong N. Lam Vo, Hyang-Mi Lee, Dokyun Na
ACS Synthetic Biology.2024; 13(10): 3256. CrossRef
A comprehensive review on microbial hyaluronan-degrading enzymes: from virulence factors to biotechnological tools
Jia-Yu Jiang, Dai Xue, Jin-Song Gong, Qin-Xin Zheng, Yue-Sheng Zhang, Chang Su, Zheng-Hong Xu, Jin-Song Shi
Bioresources and Bioprocessing.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A Regulatory sRNA rli41 is Implicated in Cell Adhesion, Invasion and Pathogenicity in Listeria monocytogenes
L. X. Wang, C. H. Ji, C. C. Ning, Y. C. Liu, Z. Y. Li, Y. Q. Sun, X. Z. Xia, X. P. Cai, Q. L. Meng, J. Qiao
Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology.2022; 58(S1): S47. CrossRef
A Review of Biofilm Formation of Staphylococcus aureus and Its Regulation Mechanism
Qi Peng, Xiaohua Tang, Wanyang Dong, Ning Sun, Wenchang Yuan
Antibiotics.2022; 12(1): 12. CrossRef
Thirty Years of sRNA-Mediated Regulation in Staphylococcus aureus: From Initial Discoveries to In Vivo Biological Implications
Guillaume Menard, Chloé Silard, Marie Suriray, Astrid Rouillon, Yoann Augagneur
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(13): 7346. CrossRef

Discovery of novel glycoside hydrolases from C-glycoside-degrading bacteria using sequence similarity network analysis: Bin Wei , Ya-Kun Wang , Jin-Biao Yu , Si-Jia Wang , Yan-Lei Yu , Xue-Wei Xu , Hong Wang; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(10):931-940. Published online September 23, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1292-4

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Abstract

C-Glycosides are an important type of natural product with significant bioactivities, and the C-glycosidic bonds of C-glycosides can be cleaved by several intestinal bacteria, as exemplified by the human faeces-derived puerarin-degrading bacterium Dorea strain PUE. However, glycoside hydrolases in these bacteria, which may be involved in the C-glycosidic bond cleavage of C-glycosides, remain largely unknown. In this study, the genomes of the closest phylogenetic neighbours of five puerarin-degrading intestinal bacteria (including Dorea strain PUE) were retrieved, and the protein-coding genes in the genomes were subjected to sequence similarity network (SSN) analysis. Only four clusters of genes were annotated as glycoside hydrolases and observed in the genome of D. longicatena DSM 13814T (the closest phylogenetic neighbour of Dorea strain PUE); therefore, genes from D. longicatena DSM 13814T belonging to these clusters were selected to overexpress recombinant proteins (CG1, CG2, CG3, and CG4) in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). In vitro assays indicated that CG4 efficiently cleaved the O-glycosidic bond of daidzin and showed moderate β-D-glucosidase and β-D-xylosidase activity. CG2 showed weak activity in hydrolyzing daidzin and pNP- β-D-fucopyranoside, while CG3 was identified as a highly selective and efficient α-glycosidase. Interestingly, CG3 and CG4 could be selectively inhibited by daidzein, explaining their different performance in kinetic studies. Molecular docking studies predicted the molecular determinants of CG2, CG3, and CG4 in substrate selectivity and inhibition propensity. The present study identified three novel and distinctive glycoside hydrolases, highlighting the potential of SSN in the discovery of novel enzymes from genomic data.

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Two-step computational redesign of Bacillus subtilis cellulase and β-glucanase for enhanced thermostability and activity
Huan Zhang, Tong Zhu, Qinglin Zhai, Qiansi Chen, Xuanshuo Zhang, Yiqiang Chen, Wei He, Jingjing Li, Jianqiang Fan, Jiemeng Tao, Xingchuan Hu, Lingfeng Qi, Chaochao Wang, Kuanqi Liao, Yanchun Chen, Yinglu Cui, Shanyi Chen, Bian Wu
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.2025; 285: 138274. CrossRef
A newly isolated human intestinal strain deglycosylating flavonoid C-glycosides
Sha Wang, Siqi Liu, Jing Wang, Jiayue Tao, Mengjiao Wu, Wenfu Ma, Rufeng Wang
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Linking the gut microbiota to persistent symptoms in survivors of COVID-19 after discharge: Yaya Zhou† , Jianchu Zhang† , Dongmei Zhang , Wan-Li Ma , Xiaorong Wang; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(10):941-948. Published online August 12, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1206-5

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Abstract

Several follow-up studies have found that COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) patients had persistent symptoms after discharge. Gut microbiota play an important role in human health and immune responses. Therefore, this study investigated the gut microbiota of recovered COVID-19 patients and the correlations between gut microbiota and persistent symptoms after discharge. Stool samples were collected from 15 recovered healthcare workers (HCWs) with COVID-19 at three months after discharge, in addition, stool samples were collected from 14 healthy controls (HCs) to perform 16S rRNA gene sequencing between May and July 2020. Compared with HCs, recovered HCWs had reduced bacterial diversity at three months after discharge, with a significantly higher relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens, and a significantly lower relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. In addition, Escherichia unclassified was positively correlated with persistent symptoms at three months after discharge, including fatigue (r = 0.567, p = 0.028), chest tightness after activity (r = 0.687, p = 0.005), and myalgia (r = 0.523, p = 0.045). Intestinibacter bartlettii was positively correlated with anorexia (r = 0.629, p = 0.012) and fatigue (r = 0.545, p = 0.036). However, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was negatively correlated with chest tightness after activity (r = -0.591, p = 0.02), and Intestinimonas butyriciproducens was negatively correlated with cough (r = -0.635, p = 0.011). In conclusion, the gut microbiota of recovered HCWs with COVID-19 at three months after discharge was different from that of HCs, and altered gut microbiota was correlated with persistent symptoms after discharge, highlighting that gut microbiota may play an important role in the recovery of patients with COVID-19.

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The type II histidine triad protein HtpsC facilitates invasion of epithelial cells by highly virulent Streptococcus suis serotype 2: Yunjun Lu , Shu Li , Xiaodong Shen , Yan Zhao , Dongming Zhou , Dan Hu , Xushen Cai , Lixia Lu , Xiaohui Xiong , Ming Li , Min Cao; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(10):949-957. Published online September 7, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1129-1

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Abstract

Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (S. suis 2) is an important zoonotic pathogen that presents a significant threat both to pigs and to workers in the pork industry. The initial steps of S. suis 2 pathogenesis are unclear. In this study, we found that the type II histidine triad protein HtpsC from the highly virulent Chinese isolate 05ZYH33 is structurally similar to internalin A (InlA) from Listeria monocytogenes, which plays an important role in mediating listerial invasion of epithelial cells. To determine if HtpsC and InlA function similarly, an isogenic htpsC mutant (ΔhtpsC) was generated in S. suis by homologous recombination. The htpsC deletion strain exhibited a diminished ability to adhere to and invade epithelial cells from different sources. Double immunofluorescence microscopy also revealed reduced survival of the ΔhtpsC mutant after cocultivation with epithelium. Adhesion to epithelium and invasion by the wild type strain was inhibited by a monoclonal antibody against E-cadherin. In contrast, the htpsC-deficient mutant was unaffected by the same treatment, suggesting that E-cadherin is the host-cell receptor that interacts with HtpsC and facilitates bacterial internalization. Based on these results, we propose that HtpsC is involved in the process by which S. suis 2 penetrates host epithelial cells, and that this protein is an important virulence factor associated with cell adhesion and invasion.

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