Journal of Microbiology

Volume 60(2); February 2022

Journal Articles

Isolation and characterization of tick-borne Roseomonas haemaphysalidis sp. nov. and rodent-borne Roseomonas marmotae sp. nov.: Wentao Zhu , Juan Zhou , Shan Lu , Jing Yang , Xin-He Lai , Dong Jin , Ji Pu , Yuyuan Huang , Liyun Liu , Zhenjun Li , Jianguo Xu; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(2):137-146. Published online November 26, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1428-1

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Four novel Gram-negative, mesophilic, aerobic, motile, and cocci-shaped strains were isolated from tick samples (strains 546T and 573) and respiratory tracts of marmots (strains 1318T and 1311). The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that strains 546T and 573 were 97.8% identical to Roseomonas wenyumeiae Z23T, whereas strains 1311 and 1318T were 98.3% identical to Roseomonas ludipueritiae DSM 14915T. In addition, a 98.0% identity was observed between strains 546T and 1318T. Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses revealed that strains 546T and 573 clustered with R. wenyumeiae Z23T, whereas strains 1311 and 1318T grouped with R. ludipueritiae DSM 14915T. The average nucleotide identity between our isolates and members of the genus Roseomonas was below 95%. The genomic G+C content of strains 546T and 1318T was 70.9% and 69.3%, respectively. Diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were the major polar lipids, with Q-10 as the predominant respiratory quinone. According to all genotypic, phenotypic, phylogenetic, and phylogenomic analyses, the four strains represent two novel species of the genus Roseomonas, for which the names Roseomonas haemaphysalidis sp. nov. and Roseomonas marmotae sp. nov. are proposed, with 546T (= GDMCC 1.1780T = JCM 34187T) and 1318T (= GDMCC 1.1781T = JCM 34188T) as type strains, respectively.

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Genomic epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Morganella clinical isolates between 2016 and 2023
Wentao Zhu, Qian Liu, Jinlv Liu, Yaqi Wang, Hong Shen, Ming Wei, Ji Pu, Li Gu, Jing Yang
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Roseomonas populi sp. nov., an acetate-degrading bacteria isolated from the stem of Populus tomentosa
Yao Cheng, Wen Zhu, Shuo Han, Jingjing Yang, Guanqi Wu, Guozhu Zhao, Xiangwei He
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Description of Corynebacterium poyangense sp. nov., isolated from the feces of the greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons)
Qian Liu, Guoying Fan, Kui Wu, Xiangning Bai, Xi Yang, Wentao Song, Shengen Chen, Yanwen Xiong, Haiying Chen
Journal of Microbiology.2022; 60(7): 668. CrossRef
Canibacter zhuwentaonis sp. nov. and Canibacter zhoujuaniae sp. nov., isolated from Marmota himalayana
Xianglian Lv, Yinmei Li, Yanpeng Cheng, Xin-He Lai, Jing Yang, Shan Lu, Gui Zhang, Caixin Yang, Dong Jin, Liyun Liu, Jianguo Xu
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Changpingibacter yushuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from fluvial sediment in Qinghai Tibet Plateau of China: Yifan Jiao , Sihui Zhang , Jing Yang , Xin-He Lai , Kui Dong , Yanpeng Cheng , Mingchao Xu , Wentao Zhu , Shan Lu , Dong Jin , Ji Pu , Ying Huang , Liyun Liu , Suping Wang , Jianguo Xu; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(2):147-155. Published online January 7, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1199-8

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Abstract

Two facultatively anaerobic, short rod-shaped, non-motile, Gram-stain-positive, unknown bacterial strains (JY-X040T and JY-X174) were isolated from fluvial sediments of Tongtian River in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai province, China. Cells formed translucent, gray, round and convex colonies, with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm after 5 days of incubation at 30°C on brain heart infusion-5% sheep blood agar. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain JY-X040T and Fudania jinshanensis 313T is 93.87%. In the four phylogenetic trees constructed based on the 16S rRNA gene and 423 core genes, the two isolates form an independent branch, phylogenetically closest to F. jinshanensis 313T, but could not be classified as a member of the genus Fudania or any other genus of the family Arcanobacteriaceae. The DNA G + C content of strain JY-X040T was 57.8%. Calculation
results
of average nucleotide identity, digital DNADNA hybridization value and amino acid identity between strain JY-X040T and F. jinshanensis 313T are 69.9%, 22.9%, and 64.1%. The major cellular fatty acids were C16:0 (23%) and C18:1ω9c (22%). The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A5α (L-Lys-L-Ala-L-Lys-D-Glu). The polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside and four unidentified components. The whole-cell sugars contained rhamnose and ribose. MK-10(H4) was the sole respiratory quinone. The minimum inhibitory concentration of streptomycin was 32 μg/ml. All physiological, biochemical, chemotaxonomic and genomic characteristics support that strains JY-X040T and JY-X174 represent members of a novel species in a new genus, Changpingibacter yushuensis gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is JY-X040T (GDMCC 1.1996T = KCTC 49514T).

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Metagenomic and Culturomics Analysis of Microbial Communities within Surface Sediments and the Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in a Pristine River: The Zaqu River in the Lancang River Source Region, China
Yi Yan, Jialiang Xu, Wenmin Huang, Yufeng Fan, Zhenpeng Li, Mingkai Tian, Jinsheng Ma, Xin Lu, Jian Liang
Microorganisms.2024; 12(5): 911. CrossRef
Bacterial diversity in arboreal ant nesting spaces is linked to colony developmental stage
Maximilian Nepel, Veronika E. Mayer, Veronica Barrajon-Santos, Dagmar Woebken
Communications Biology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Potato tillage method is associated with soil microbial communities, soil chemical properties, and potato yield: Haiyan Ma , Chen Xie , Shunlin Zheng , Peihua Li , Hafsa Nazir Cheema , Jing Gong , Zhuqing Xiang , Juanjuan Liu , Jiahao Qin; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(2):156-166. Published online January 7, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1060-0

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Abstract

Intensive potato continuous cropping (IPCC) results in low potato yields compared with non-intensive potato continuous cropping (PCC) and potato-maize rotation (PMRC). However, it is still unclear whether the degree of potato continuous cropping obstacle is related to the soil environment formed by the previous crop. To investigate the effect of planting potatoes and planting maize after harvesting the spring potatoes on soil chemical properties and soil microbial community structure, an experiment was carried out in the same origin soil environment over a period of seven years: (a) PCC, i.e., spring planting; (b) IPCC, i.e., autumn and spring planting (IPCC); (c) PMRC, i.e., spring potatoes and summer maize (PMRC), and (d) fallow (CK). We confirmed that the potato yield under PMRC was significantly higher than that under PCC and IPCC. Under IPCC, soil total phosphorus content was significantly higher than other treatments, whereas ammonium nitrogen content was the lowest. Compared with PCC and IPCC, PMRC had a higher ammonium nitrogen content and lower total phosphorus content. The significantly different fungal taxa in IPCC (Glomerellales, Plectosphaerella, Thelebolales) may threaten the health of the plant and positive correlated with soil total phosphorus, while other microbial taxa in PMRC (Bacillales, Polythrincium, Helotiales) can mainly promotes plant nitrogen uptake and protects plants against diseases. The PMRC-promoting taxa were positively correlated with the ammonium nitrogen content and negative correlated with soil total phosphorus content. In summary, the cropping systems might have affected potato yields by changed soil microorganism community structures – especially fungal community structures – and by the chemical properties of the soils that also depends on microbes.

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Impact of Different Tillage and Residue Retention Practices on Soil Nutrients, Microbial Community Composition and Grain Yield of Malt Barley
Om Parkash Ahlawat, Anil Khippal, Karnam Venkatesh, Rajender Singh Chhokar, Subhash Chander Gill, Prem Lal Kashyap, Ajit Singh Kharub, Lokendra Kumar, Neeraj Kumar, Anu Sharma, Kamini Kumari, Sonia Sheoran, Gyanendra Singh
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition.2024; 24(4): 7651. CrossRef
Identification of Meloidogyne panyuensis (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae) infecting Orah (Citrus reticulata Blanco) and its impact on rhizosphere microbial dynamics: Guangxi, China
Xiaoxiao Zhang, Wei Zhao, Yuming Lin, Bin Shan, Shanshan Yang
PeerJ.2024; 12: e18495. CrossRef
Rotational strip intercropping of maize and peanut enhances productivity by improving crop photosynthetic production and optimizing soil nutrients and bacterial communities
Xiaoxia Zou, Yan Liu, Mingming Huang, Feng Li, Tong Si, Yuefu Wang, Xiaona Yu, Xiaojun Zhang, Haixin Wang, Puxiang Shi
Field Crops Research.2023; 291: 108770. CrossRef
Inclusion of peanut in wheat–maize rotation increases wheat yield and net return and improves soil organic carbon pool by optimizing bacterial community
Xiao-xia ZOU, Ming-ming HUANG, Yan LIU, Tong SI, Xiao-jun ZHANG, Xiao-na YU, Feng GUO, Shu-bo WAN
Journal of Integrative Agriculture.2023; 22(11): 3430. CrossRef
Shifts in soil microbial diversity and functions during continuous cropping of strawberry
Tongyi Yang, Deli Zhai, Xu Ding, Zechong Guo, Yuyuan Zhao
Land Degradation & Development.2023; 34(15): 4810. CrossRef
Differences in microbial communities and potato growth in two soil types under organic cultivation
Wei Tian, Benge Zou, Shujing Xu, Yinghao Xu, Ruifeng Zhang, Li Li, Yali Jing, Mengzhen Wang, Yingyu Zhuang, Jianlong Liu, Chenglin Liang
3 Biotech.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of extended dryland crop rotation on sustained potato cultivation in Northwestern China
Yuhui Liu, Zhitao Li, Yuanming Li, Zhen Liu, Fu Chen, Zhenzhen Bi, Chao Sun, Caimei Tang, Panfeng Yao, Anming Yuan, Junlian Zhang, Yantai Gan, Jiangping Bai, Xiaojing Zhang
Resources, Conservation and Recycling.2023; 197: 107114. CrossRef

Whole genome and RNA sequencing of oral commensal bacterium Streptococcus anginosus subsp. anginosus with vancomycin tolerance: Kyu Hwan Kwack , Jae-Hyung Lee , Ji-Hoi Moon; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(2):167-176. Published online January 7, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1425-4

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Abstract

“Antibiotic tolerance” promotes the rapid subsequent evolution of “antibiotic resistance,” however, it is often overlooked because it is difficult to distinguish between tolerant and susceptible organisms. A commensal bacterium S. anginosus subsp. anginosus strain KHUD_S1, isolated from dental biofilm was found to exhibit a high MBC/MIC ratio of 32 against vancomycin. We observed KHUD_S1 cells exposed to vancomycin did not grow but maintained viability. Transmission electron microscope showed KHUD_S1 cells possessed a dense, thick capsule and maintained the cell wall integrity upon vancomycin exposure. To infer the underlying mechanisms of the vancomycin tolerance in KHUD_S1, we performed whole genome sequencing and RNA sequencing. The KHUD_S1 genome carried three genes encoding branching enzymes that can affect peptidoglycan structure through interpeptide bridge formation. Global gene expression profiling revealed that the vancomycin-induced downregulation of carbohydrate and inorganic ion transport/metabolism as well as translation is less prominent in KHUD_S1 than in the vancomycin susceptible strain KHUD_S3. Based on the transcriptional levels of genes related to peptidoglycan synthesis, KHUD_S1 was determined to have a 3D peptidoglycan architecture distinct from KHUD_S3. It was found that, under vancomycin exposure, the peptidoglycan was remodeled through changes in the interpeptide bridge and transpeptidation reactions. Collectively, these features of S. anginosus KHUD_S1, including a dense capsule and differential gene expression in peptidoglycan synthesis, may contribute to vancomycin tolerance. Our results showing the occurrence of vancomycin tolerance amongst oral commensal bacteria highlight the need for considering future strategies for screening of antibiotic tolerance as an effort to reduce antibiotic resistance.

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Gut resistome profiling reveals high diversity and fluctuations in pancreatic cancer cohorts
Xudong Liu, Kexin Li, Yun Yang, Dingyan Cao, Xinjie Xu, Zilong He, Wenming Wu
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Sexome ‐ A proof of concept study into microbial transfer between heterosexual couples after sexual intercourse
Ruby Dixon, Siobhon Egan, Sheree Hughes, Brendan Chapman
Forensic Science International.2023; 348: 111711. CrossRef

Meiotic prophase roles of Pds5 in recombination and chromosome condensation in budding yeast: Jeong Hwan Joo , Hyun Ah Kang , Keun Pil Kim , Soogil Hong; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(2):177-186. Published online February 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1635-9

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Abstract

Genetic variation in eukaryotes is mediated during meiosis by the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes to produce recombinant chromosomes. Cohesin is essential to promote proper chromosome segregation, chromosome morphogenesis, and recombination in meiotic cells. Cohesin consists of three main subunits–Smc1, Smc3, and the kleisin subunit Mcd1/Scc1 (Rec8 in meiosis)–and cohesin accessory factors. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the cohesin regulatory subunit Pds5 plays a role in homolog pairing, meiotic axis formation, and interhomolog recombination. In this study, we examine the prophase functions of Pds5 by performing physical analysis of recombination and three-dimensional high-resolution microscopy analysis to identify its roles in meiosis-specific recombination and chromosome morphogenesis. To investigate whether Pds5 plays a role in mitoticlike recombination, we inhibited Mek1 kinase activity, which
result
ed in switching to sister template bias by Rad51-dependent recombination. Reductions in double-strand breaks and crossover products and defective interhomolog recombination occurred in the absence of Pds5. Furthermore, recombination intermediates, including single-end invasion and double-Holliday junction, were reduced in the absence of Pds5 with Mek1 kinase inactivation compared to Mek1 kinase inactivation cells. Interestingly, the absence of Pds5
result
ed in increasing numbers of chromosomes with hypercompaction of the chromosome axis. Thus, we suggest that Pds5 plays an essential role in recombination by suppressing the pairing of sister chromatids and abnormal compaction of the chromosome axis.

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RPA interacts with Rad52 to promote meiotic crossover and noncrossover recombination
Jeong H Joo, Soogil Hong, Mika T Higashide, Eui-Hwan Choi, Seobin Yoon, Min-Su Lee, Hyun Ah Kang, Akira Shinohara, Nancy Kleckner, Keun P Kim
Nucleic Acids Research.2024; 52(7): 3794. CrossRef
Cohesin is required for meiotic spindle assembly independent of its role in cohesion in C. elegans
Karen P. McNally, Elizabeth A. Beath, Brennan M. Danlasky, Consuelo Barroso, Ting Gong, Wenzhe Li, Enrique Martinez-Perez, Francis J. McNally, Sarit Smolikove
PLOS Genetics.2022; 18(10): e1010136. CrossRef
Yeast polyubiquitin unit regulates synaptonemal complex formation and recombination during meiosis
Min-Kyung Jo, Kiwon Rhee, Keun Pil Kim, Soogil Hong
Journal of Microbiology.2022; 60(7): 705. CrossRef

Characterization and validation of an alternative reference bacterium Korean Pharmacopoeia Staphylococcus aureus strain: Ye Won An , Young Sill Choi , Mi-ran Yun , Chihwan Choi , Su Yeon Kim; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(2):187-191. Published online January 7, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1335-5

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Abstract

The National Culture Collection of Pathogens (NCCP) is a microbial resource bank in Korea that collects pathogen resources causing infectious disease in human and distributes them for research and education. The NCCP bank attempts to discover strains with various characteristics and specific purposes to provide diverse resources to researchers. Staphylococcus aureus American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 6538P is used as a reference strain in the microbial assay for antibiotics in the Korean and in the United States Pharmacopoeias. We aimed to analyze domestically isolated microbial resources from the NCCP to replace the S. aureus reference strain. Staphylococcus aureus strains were identified using matrix- assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and the VITEK-2 system and characterized by multilocus sequence typing, 16S rRNA sequencing, and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Several candidate strains had similar characteristics as the reference strain. Among them, the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA region of NCCP 16830 was 100% identical to that of the reference strain; it was sensitive to six types of antibiotics and showed results most similar to the reference strain. A validity evaluation was conducted using the cylinder-plate method. NCCP 16830 presented valid results and had the same performance as ATCC 6538P; therefore, it was selected as an alternative candidate strain.

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Bacterial composition of refrigerators in households and inactivation of airborne Staphylococcus aureus using a TiO2-UVLED module in a 512 L aerobiology chamber
So-Seum Yong, Jae-Ik Lee, Dong-Hyun Kang
Food Microbiology.2023; 114: 104274. CrossRef

Functional characterization of HigBA toxin-antitoxin system in an Arctic bacterium, Bosea sp. PAMC 26642: Eunsil Choi , Ahhyun Huh , Changmin Oh , Jeong-Il Oh , Ho Young Kang , Jihwan Hwang; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(2):192-206. Published online February 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1619-9

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Abstract

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are growth-controlling genetic elements consisting of an intracellular toxin protein and its cognate antitoxin. TA systems have been spread among microbial genomes through horizontal gene transfer and are now prevalent in most bacterial and archaeal genomes. Under normal growth conditions, antitoxins tightly counteract the activity of the toxins. Upon stresses, antitoxins are inactivated, releasing activated toxins, which induce growth arrest or cell death. In this study, among nine functional TA modules in Bosea sp. PAMC 26642 living in Arctic lichen, we investigated the functionality of BoHigBA2. BohigBA2 is located close to a genomic island and adjacent to flagellar gene clusters. The expression of BohigB2 induced the inhibition of E. coli growth at 37°C, which was more manifest at 18°C, and this growth defect was reversed when BohigA2 was co-expressed, suggesting that this BoHigBA2 module might be an active TA module in Bosea sp. PAMC 26642. Live/dead staining and viable count analyses revealed that the BoHigB2 toxin had a bactericidal effect, causing cell death. Furthermore, we demonstrated that BoHigB2 possessed mRNA-specific ribonuclease activity on various mRNAs and cleaved only mRNAs being translated, which might impede overall translation and consequently lead to cell death. Our study provides the insight to understand the cold adaptation of Bosea sp. PAMC 26642 living in the Arctic.

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Evaluating the Contribution of the Predicted Toxin–Antitoxin System HigBA to Persistence, Biofilm Formation, and Virulence in Burkholderia pseudomallei
Itziar Chapartegui-González, Nittaya Khakhum, Jacob L. Stockton, Alfredo G. Torres, Igor E. Brodsky
Infection and Immunity.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Chronicle of Research into Lichen-Associated Bacteria
Zichen He, Takeshi Naganuma
Microorganisms.2022; 10(11): 2111. CrossRef
Degradation of amoxicillin by newly isolated Bosea sp. Ads-6
Lei Yan, Ning Yan, Xi-Yan Gao, Ying Liu, Zhi-Pei Liu
Science of The Total Environment.2022; 828: 154411. CrossRef

Characterization of East-Asian Helicobacter pylori encoding Western EPIYA-ABC CagA: Kavinda Tissera , Myeong-A Kim , Jing Lai , Sacheera Angulmaduwa , Aeryun Kim , D. Scott Merrell , Ji-Hye Kim , Hanfu Su , Jeong-Heon Cha; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(2):207-214. Published online November 10, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1483-7

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Abstract

The polymorphic bacterial oncoprotein, CagA shows geography- dependent variation in the C-terminal Glu-Pro-Ile- Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) motifs; East-Asian H. pylori isolates carry the ABD type while Western isolates carry the ABC type. In Western isolates, the EPIYA-C motif is sometimes found in multi-copy and this genotype is associated with disease severity. Interestingly, a small number of East-Asian H. pylori isolates have been found to carry Western ABC-type CagA. To gain a better understanding of these unusual isolates, the genomes of four Korean H. pylori clinical isolates carrying ABC-type CagA were sequenced via third generation (Pac- Bio SMRT) sequencing technology. The obtained data were utilized for phylogenetic analysis as well as comparison of additional virulence factors that are known to show geographic- dependent polymorphisms. Three of four isolates indeed belonged to the hpEastAsia group and showed typical East- Asian polymorphism in virulence factors such as homA/B/C, babA/B/C, and oipA. One isolate grouped to HpAfrica and showed typical Western polymorphism of virulence factors such as cagA, homA/B/C, and oipA. To understand the occurrence of the multi-copy EPIYA-C motif genotype in an East- Asian H. pylori background, the Korean clinical isolate, K154 was analyzed; this strain belonged to hpEastAsia but encoded CagA EPIYA-ABCCCC. Based on DNA sequence homology within the CagA multimerization (CM) sequence that flanked the EPIYA-C motifs, we predicted that the number of C motifs might change via homologous recombination. To test this hypothesis, K154 was cultured for one generation and 287 single colonies were analyzed for the number of EPIYA-C motifs using PCR-based screening and DNA sequencing verification. Three out of 284 (1%) single colony isolates showed changes in the number of EPIYA-C motifs in vitro; one isolate increased to five EPIYA-C motifs, one decreased to three EPIYA-C motifs, and one completely deleted the EPIYA-C motifs. The capacity for dynamic changes in the number of EPIYA-C repeats of CagA may play a role in generating important intraspecies diversity in East-Asian H. pylori.

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Virulence gene polymorphisms in Shandong Helicobacter pylori strains and their relevance to gastric cancer
Zhijing Xue, Weijia Li, Hailing Ding, Fengyan Pei, Jianzhong Zhang, Yanan Gong, Ruyue Fan, Fang Wang, Youjun Wang, Qing Chen, Yanran Li, Xinyu Yang, Yan Zheng, Guohai Su, Saeid Ghavami
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(9): e0309844. CrossRef
Amino acid deletions at positions 893 and 894 of cytotoxin-associated gene A protein affect Helicobacter pylori gastric epithelial cell interactions
Zhi-Jing Xue, Ya-Nan Gong, Li-Hua He, Lu Sun, Yuan-Hai You, Dong-Jie Fan, Mao-Jun Zhang, Xiao-Mei Yan, Jian-Zhong Zhang
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2024; 30(41): 4449. CrossRef
Characteristics of different types of Helicobacter pylori: New evidence from non-amplified white light endoscopy
Weidong Liu, Wenjie Kong, Wenjia Hui, Chun Wang, Qi Jiang, Hong Shi, Feng Gao
Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

A mucin-responsive hybrid two-component system controls Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron colonization and gut homeostasis: Ju-Hyung Lee , Soo-Jeong Kwon , Ji-Yoon Han , Sang-Hyun Cho , Yong-Joon Cho , Joo-Hong Park; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(2):215-223. Published online February 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1649-3

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Abstract

The mammalian intestinal tract contains trillions of bacteria. However, the genetic factors that allow gut symbiotic bacteria to occupy intestinal niches remain poorly understood. Here, we identified genetic determinants required for Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron colonization in the gut using transposon sequencing analysis. Transposon insertion in BT2391, which encodes a hybrid two-component system, increased the competitive fitness of B. thetaiotaomicron. The BT2391 mutant showed a growth advantage in a mucin-dependent manner and had an increased ability to adhere to mucus-producing cell lines. The increased competitive advantage of the BT2391 mutant was dependent on the BT2392–2395 locus containing susCD homologs. Deletion of BT2391 led to changes in the expression levels of B. thetaiotaomicron genes during gut colonization. However, colonization of the BT2391 mutant promoted DSS colitis in low-fiber diet-fed mice. These results indicate that BT2391 contributes to a sustainable symbiotic relationship by maintaining a balance between mucosal colonization and gut homeostasis.

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Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum BFS1243 on a female frailty model induced by fecal microbiota transplantation in germ-free mice
Sashuang Dong, Qi Zeng, Weimin He, Wei Cheng, Ling Zhang, Ruimin Zhong, Wen He, Xiang Fang, Hong Wei
Food & Function.2024; 15(8): 3993. CrossRef
A conserved inhibitory interdomain interaction regulates DNA-binding activities of hybrid two-component systems in Bacteroides
Rong Gao, Ti Wu, Ann M. Stock, Michael T. Laub
mBio.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua prevent depression-like behaviors in mice with chronic unpredictable mild stress through refining gut microbiota-lipopolysaccharide-paraventricular nucleus signal axis
Xinya Wang, Xueqing Wang, Feng Gao, Shaojie Yang, Yilan Zhen, Xuncui Wang, Guoqi Zhu
Heliyon.2024; 10(19): e38554. CrossRef
Metal Messengers: Communication in the Bacterial World through Transition-Metal-Sensing Two-Component Systems
Alexander Paredes, Chioma Iheacho, Aaron T. Smith
Biochemistry.2023; 62(16): 2339. CrossRef
Tang-Ping-San Decoction Remodel Intestinal Flora and Barrier to Ameliorate Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rodent Model
Wen Yin, Si-Qi Zhang, Wen-Lin Pang, Xiao-Jiao Chen, Jing Wen, Jiong Hou, Cui Wang, Li-Yun Song, Zhen-Ming Qiu, Peng-Tao Liang, Jia-Li Yuan, Zhong-Shan Yang, Yao Bian
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy.2022; Volume 15: 2563. CrossRef

Vibrio vulnificus PlpA facilitates necrotic host cell death induced by the pore forming MARTX toxin: Changyi Cho , Sanghyeon Choi , Myung Hee Kim , Byoung Sik Kim; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(2):224-233. Published online February 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1448-x

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Abstract

Opportunistic pathogen Vibrio vulnificus causes severe systemic infection in humans with high mortality. Although multiple exotoxins have been characterized in V. vulnificus, their interactions and potential synergistic roles in pathogen-induced host cell death have not been investigated previously. By employing a series of multiple exotoxin deletion mutants, we investigated whether specific exotoxins of the pathogen functioned together to achieve severe and rapid necrotic cell death. Human epithelial cells treated with V. vulnificus with a plpA deletion background exhibited an unusually prolonged cell blebbing, suggesting the importance of PlpA, a phospholipase A2, in rapid necrotic cell death by this pathogen. Additional deletion of the rtxA gene encoding the multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (MARTX) toxin did not result in necrotic cell blebs. However, if the rtxA gene was engineered to produce an effector-free MARTX toxin, the cell blebbing was observed, indicating that the pore forming activity of the MARTX toxin is sufficient, but the MARTX toxin effector domains are not necessary, for the blebbing. When a recombinant PlpA was treated on the blebbed cells, the blebs were completely disrupted. Consistent with this, MARTX toxin-pendent rapid release of cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase was significantly delayed in the plpA deletion background. Mutations in other exotoxins such as elastase, cytolysin/hemolysin, and/or extracellular metalloprotease did not affect the bleb formation or disruption. Together, these findings indicate that the pore forming MARTX toxin and the phospholipase A2, PlpA, cooperate sequentially to achieve rapid necrotic cell death by inducing cell blebbing and disrupting the blebs, respectively.

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Genome-wide phenotypic profiling of transcription factors and identification of novel targets to control the virulence of Vibrio vulnificus
Dayoung Sung, Garam Choi, Minji Ahn, Hokyung Byun, Tae Young Kim, Hojun Lee, Zee-Won Lee, Ji Yong Park, Young Hyun Jung, Ho Jae Han, Sang Ho Choi
Nucleic Acids Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Vibrio-infecting bacteriophages and their potential to control biofilm
Ana Cevallos-Urena, Jeong Yeon Kim, Byoung Sik Kim
Food Science and Biotechnology.2023; 32(12): 1719. CrossRef
Pathogenic Mechanism of Vibrio Vulnificus Infection
Kun Lu, Yang Li, Rui Chen, Hua Yang, Yong Wang, Wei Xiong, Fang Xu, Qijun Yuan, Haihui Liang, Xian Xiao, Renqiang Huang, Zhipeng Chen, Chunou Tian, Songqing Wang
Future Microbiology.2023; 18(6): 373. CrossRef
Functional conservation of specialized ribosomes bearing genome-encoded variant rRNAs in Vibrio species
Younkyung Choi, Eunkyoung Shin, Minho Lee, Ji-Hyun Yeom, Kangseok Lee, Bashir Sajo Mienda
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(12): e0289072. CrossRef
Complex regulatory networks of virulence factors in Vibrio vulnificus
Garam Choi, Sang Ho Choi
Trends in Microbiology.2022; 30(12): 1205. CrossRef
MARTX toxin of Vibrio vulnificus induces RBC phosphatidylserine exposure that can contribute to thrombosis
Han Young Chung, Yiying Bian, Kyung-Min Lim, Byoung Sik Kim, Sang Ho Choi
Nature Communications.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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