Journal of Microbiology

Volume 49(6); December 2011

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts

Cupriavidus and Burkholderia Species Associated with Agricultural Plants that Grow in Alkaline Soils: Paulina Estrada-de los Santos , Nora Belinda Vacaseydel-Aceves , Lourdes Martínez-Aguilar , María Antonia Cruz-Hernández , Alberto Mendoza-Herrera , Jesús Caballero-Mellado; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(6):867-876. Published online December 28, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1127-9

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Abstract PDF: The presence of Burkholderia, Cupriavidus, and Ralstonia species in northeastern Mexico was investigated. An analysis of the root surrounding soil from different agricultural plants led to the isolation of Burkholderia and Cupriavidus species but no Ralstonia strains. Most Cupriavidus species were unknown and grouped into two clusters according to ARDRA profiles. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed that the Cupriavidus isolates were highly related among them and with different Cupriavidus species with validated names. However, SDS-PAGE profiles were distinct among the different ARDRA profiles and to other Cupriavidus species examined, suggesting new species in the genus. This shows that Cupriavidus is more widely associated with plants than previously appreciated. The BCC isolate was 99% similar to B. cenocepacia by recA sequence analysis. Additionally, most Cupriavidus strains from the two largest groups grew on media containing up to 0.1 mg/ml of copper, 10.0 mg/ml arsenic and 1.0 mg/ml zinc. Burkholderia strains grew on media containing up to 10.0 mg/ml zinc, 5.0 mg/ml arsenic and 0.1 mg/ml copper.

Lactobacillus salivarius REN Counteracted Unfavorable 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide-Induced Changes in Colonic Microflora of Rats: Ming Zhang , Xuewei Qiao , Liang Zhao , Lu Jiang , Fazheng Ren; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(6):877-883. Published online December 28, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1137-7

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Probiotics and carcinogens both have a significant effect on the microfloral composition of the human intestine. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of an important carcinogen, 4-Nitroquinoline-1- Oxide on colonic microflora and the efficacy of the probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius REN as an agent of counteracting these effects. Using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) combined with redundancy analysis, we demonstrated that both 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide and L. salivarius REN significantly altered the bacterial communities of rat colons. A total of 27 bacterial strains were identified as being affected by treatment with 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide or L. salivarius REN using a t-value biplot combined with band sequencing. 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide treatment increased the abundance of two potential pathogens (one Helicobacter strain and one Desulfovibrio strain), as well as reducing the abundance of two potentially beneficial strains (one Ruminococcaceae strain and one Rumen bacteria). The Helicobacter strain was initally detected in carcinogen-treated rat intestinal microflora, but L. salivarius REN treatment effectively suppressed the growth of the Helicobacter strain. These results suggested that L. salivarius REN may be a potential probiotic, efficiently acting against the initial infection with, and the growth of pathogenic bacteria.

Citations

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The Use of Pseudomonas fluorescens P13 to Control Sclerotinia Stem Rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of Oilseed Rape: Hui Li , Huaibo Li , Yan Bai , Jing Wang , Ming Nie , Bo Li , Ming Xiao; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(6):884-889. Published online December 28, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1261-4

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Abstract PDF: Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has been an increasing threat to oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivation. Efficient and environment‐friendly treatments are much needed. Here we focus on microbial control. The Pseudomonas fluorescens P13 that was isolated from oilseed rape cultivation soil, proved to be a useful biocontrol strain for application. Morphology, physiological and biochemical tests and 16S rDNA analysis demonstrated that it was P. fluorescens P13 and that it had a broad antagonistic spectrum, significantly lessening the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum by 84.4% and suppressing sclerotial formation by 95‐100%. Scanning electron microscopy studies attested that P13 deformed S. sclerotiorum mycelia when they were cultured together. P13 did not produce chitinase but did produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN) which was likely one of the antagonistic mechanisms. The density of P13 remained at a high level (≥106 CFU/ml) during 5 weeks in the rhizosphere soil and roots. P13 reduced SSR severity at least by 59% in field studies and also promoted seedling growth (p<0.05) at the seedling stage. From these data, our work provided evidence that P13 could be a good alternative biological resource for biocontrol of S. sclerotiorum.

Complete Genome of Leptospirillum ferriphilum ML-04 Provides Insight into Its Physiology and Environmental Adaptation: Shuang Mi , Jian Song , Jianqun Lin , Yuanyuan Che , Huajun Zheng , Jianqiang Lin; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(6):890-901. Published online December 28, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1099-9

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