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- Selection of a Streptomyces Strain Able to Produce Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes and Active against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
- Adriana Fróes , Andrew Macrae , Juliana Rosa , Marcella Franco , Rodrigo Souza , Rosângela Soares , Rosalie Coelho
- J. Microbiol. 2012;50(5):798-806. Published online November 4, 2012
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-2060-2
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- 19 Scopus
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Abstract
- Control of plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is an ongoing challenge because of its wide host range and the persistence of its sclerotia in soil. Fungicides are the most commonly used method to control this fungus but these can have ecotoxicity impacts. Chitinolytic Streptomyces strains isolated from Brazilian tropical soils were capable of inhibiting S. sclerotiorum growth in vitro, offering new possibilities for integrated pest management and biocontrol, with a new approach to dealing with an old problem. Strain Streptomyces sp. 80 was capable of irreversibly inhibiting fungal growth. Compared to other strains, its crude enzymes had the highest chitinolytic levels when measured at 25°C and strongly inhibited sclerotia from S. sclerotiorum. It produced four hydrolytic enzymes involved in fungal cell wall degradation when cultured in presence of the fungal mycelium. The best production, obtained after three days, was 0.75 U/ml for exochitinase, 0.9 U/ml for endochitinase, 0.16 U/ml for glucanase, and 1.78 U/ml for peptidase. Zymogram analysis confirmed two hydrolytic bands of chitinolytic activity with apparent molecular masses of 45.8 and 206.8 kDa. One glucanase activity with an apparent molecular mass of 55 kDa was also recorded, as well as seven bands of peptidase activity with apparent molecular masses ranging from 15.5 to 108.4 kDa. Differential interference contrast microscopy also showed alterations of hyphal morphology after co-culture. Streptomyces sp. 80 seems to be promising as a biocontrol agent against S. sclerotiorum, contributing to the development of new methods for controlling plant diseases and reducing the negative impact of using fungicides.
- NOTE] Antifungal Activity of Extracellular Hydrolases Produced by Autolysing Aspergillus nidulans Cultures
- Melinda Szilágyi , Fruzsina Anton , Katalin Forgács , Jae-Hyuk Yu , István Pócsi , Tamás Emri
- J. Microbiol. 2012;50(5):849-854. Published online November 4, 2012
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-2001-0
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- 8 Crossref
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Abstract
- Carbon-starving Aspergillus nidulans cultures produce high activities of versatile hydrolytic enzymes and, among these, ChiB endochitinase and EngA β-1,3-endoglucanase showed significant antifungal activity against various fungal species. Double deletion of engA and chiB diminished the antifungal activity of the fermentation broths and increased conidiogenesis and long-term viability of A. nidulans, but decreased the growth rate on culture media containing weak carbon sources. Production of ChiB and EngA can influence fungal communities either directly due to their antifungal properties or indirectly through their effects on vegetative growth. Our data suggest saprophytic fungi as promising future candidates to develop novel biocontrol technologies.
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Application and antagonistic mechanisms of atoxigenic
Aspergillus
strains for the management of fungal plant diseases
Suyan Wang, Yanxia Wang, Xinchi Shi, Daniela D. Herrera-Balandrano, Xin Chen, Fengquan Liu, Pedro Laborda, Irina S. Druzhinina
Applied and Environmental Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Identification and evaluation of Aspergillus tubingensis as a potential biocontrol agent against grey mould on tomato
Juan Zhao, Weicheng Liu, Dewen Liu, Caige Lu, Dianpeng Zhang, Huiling Wu, Dan Dong, Lingling Meng
Journal of General Plant Pathology.2018; 84(2): 148. CrossRef - Autolytic enzymes are responsible for increased melanization of carbon stressed Aspergillus nidulans cultures
Melinda Szilágyi, Fruzsina Anton, István Pócsi, Tamás Emri
Journal of Basic Microbiology.2018; 58(5): 440. CrossRef - Tricking Arthrinium malaysianum into Producing Industrially Important Enzymes Under 2-Deoxy D-Glucose Treatment
Soumya Mukherjee, Mathu Malar Chandrababunaidu, Arijit Panda, Suman Khowala, Sucheta Tripathy
Frontiers in Microbiology.2016;[Epub] CrossRef - γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GgtA) of Aspergillus nidulans is not necessary for bulk degradation of glutathione
Zsolt Spitzmüller, Nak-Jung Kwon, Melinda Szilágyi, Judit Keserű, Viktória Tóth, Jae-Hyuk Yu, István Pócsi, Tamás Emri
Archives of Microbiology.2015; 197(2): 285. CrossRef - Investigating Aspergillus nidulans secretome during colonisation of cork cell walls
Isabel Martins, Helga Garcia, Adélia Varela, Oscar Núñez, Sébastien Planchon, Maria Teresa Galceran, Jenny Renaut, Luís P.N. Rebelo, Cristina Silva Pereira
Journal of Proteomics.2014; 98: 175. CrossRef - Transcriptome changes initiated by carbon starvation in Aspergillus nidulans
Melinda Szilágyi, Márton Miskei, Zsolt Karányi, Béla Lenkey, István Pócsi, Tamás Emri
Microbiology.2013; 159(Pt_1): 176. CrossRef - Interactions between naturally occurring antifungal agents
Viktória Tóth, Melinda Szilágyi, Fruzsina Anton, Éva Leiter, I. Pócsi, T. Emri
Acta Biologica Hungarica.2013; 64(4): 510. CrossRef
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Application and antagonistic mechanisms of atoxigenic
Aspergillus
strains for the management of fungal plant diseases
- The role and characterization of β-1,3-glucanase in biocontrol of fusarium solani by pseudomonas stutzeri YPL-1
- Lim, Ho Seong , Kim, Sang Dal
- J. Microbiol. 1995;33(4):295-301.
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Abstract
- An antifungal Pseudomonas stutzeri YPL-1 produced extracellular chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase that were key enzymes in the decomposition of fungal hyphal walls. These lytic extracellular enzymes markedly inhibited mycelial growth of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium solani. A chitinase from P. stutzeri YPL-1 inhibited fungal mycelial growth by 87%, whereas a β-1,3-glucanase from the bacterium inhibited growth by 53%. Furthermore, co-operative action of the enzymes synergistically inhibited 95% of the fungal growth. The lytic enzymes caused abnormal swelling and retreating on the fungal hyphal walls in a dual cultures. Scanning electron microscopy clearly showed hyphal degradation of F. solani in the regions interacting with P. stutzeri YPL-1. In an in vivo pot test, P. stutzeri YPL-1 proved to have biocontrol ability as a powerful agent in controlling plant disease. Planting of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seedlings with the bacterial suspension in F. solani-infested soil significantly suppressed the development of fusarial root-rot. The characteristics of a crude preparation of β-1,3-glucanase produced from P. stutzeri YPL-1 were investigated. The bacterium detected after 2 hr of incubation. The enzyme had optimum temperature and pH of 40℃ and pH 5.5, respectively. The enzyme was stable in the pH range of 4.5 to 7.0 and at temperatures below 40℃, with a half-life of 40 min at 60℃.
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