Journal of Microbiology

Journal Article

The putative polysaccharide synthase AfCps1 regulates Aspergillus fumigatus morphogenesis and conidia immune response in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages: Sha Wang , Anjie Yuan , Liping Zeng , Sikai Hou , Meng Wang , Lei Li , Zhendong Cai , Guowei Zhong; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(1):64-75. Published online November 17, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-0347-x

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Aspergillus fumigatus is a well-known opportunistic pathogen that causes invasive aspergillosis (IA) infections with high mortality in immunosuppressed individuals. Morphogenesis, including hyphal growth, conidiation, and cell wall biosynthesis is crucial in A. fumigatus pathogenesis. Based on a previous random insertional mutagenesis library, we identified the putative polysaccharide synthase gene Afcps1 and its paralog Afcps2. Homologs of the cps gene are commonly found in the genomes of most fungal and some bacterial pathogens. Afcps1/cpsA is important in sporulation, cell wall composition, and virulence. However, the precise regulation patterns of cell wall integrity by Afcps1/cpsA and further effects on the immune response are poorly understood. Specifically, our in-depth study revealed that Afcps1 affects cell-wall stability, showing an increased resistance of ΔAfcps1 to the chitinmicrofibril destabilizing compound calcofluor white (CFW) and susceptibility of ΔAfcps1 to the β-(1,3)-glucan synthase inhibitor echinocandin caspofungin (CS). Additionally, deletion of Afcps2 had a normal sporulation phenotype but caused hypersensitivity to Na+ stress, CFW, and Congo red (CR). Specifically, quantitative analysis of cell wall composition using high-performance anion exchange chromatography- pulsed amperometric detector (HPAEC-PAD) analysis revealed that depletion of Afcps1 reduced cell wall glucan and chitin contents, which was consistent with the downregulation of expression of the corresponding biosynthesis genes. Moreover, an elevated immune response stimulated by conidia of the ΔAfcps1 mutant in marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) during phagocytosis was observed. Thus, our study provided new insights into the function of polysaccharide synthase Cps1, which is necessary for the maintenance of cell wall stability and the adaptation of conidia to the immune response of macrophages in A. fumigatus.

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Study on the metabolic changes and regulatory mechanism of Aspergillus flavus conidia germination
Sifan Jia, Chong Li, Yu An, Desheng Qi, Erik F. Y. Hom
Microbiology Spectrum.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Chitin Biosynthesis in Aspergillus Species
Veronica S. Brauer, André M. Pessoni, Mateus S. Freitas, Marinaldo P. Cavalcanti-Neto, Laure N. A. Ries, Fausto Almeida
Journal of Fungi.2023; 9(1): 89. CrossRef
Evidencing New Roles for the Glycosyl-Transferase Cps1 in the Phytopathogenic Fungus Botrytis cinerea
Matthieu Blandenet, Isabelle R. Gonçalves, Christine Rascle, Jean-William Dupuy, François-Xavier Gillet, Nathalie Poussereau, Mathias Choquer, Christophe Bruel
Journal of Fungi.2022; 8(9): 899. CrossRef

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts

Functional analysis of Vibrio vulnificus RND efflux pumps homologous to Vibrio cholerae VexAB and VexCD, and to Escherichia coli AcrAB: Seunghwa Lee , Ji-Hyun Yeom , Sojin Seo , Minho Lee , Sarang Kim , Jeehyeon Bae , Kangseok Lee , Jihwan Hwang; J. Microbiol. 2015;53(4):256-261. Published online March 4, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5037-0

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Abstract

Resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pumps are associated with multidrug resistance in many gram-negative pathogens. The genome of Vibrio vulnificus encodes 11 putative RND pumps homologous to those of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli. In this study, we analyzed three putative RND efflux pumps, showing homology to V. cholerae VexAB and VexCD and to E. coli AcrAB, for their functional roles in multidrug resistance of V. vulnificus. Deletion of the vexAB homolog resulted in increased susceptibility of V. vulnificus to bile acid, acriflavine, ethidium bromide, and erythromycin, whereas deletion of acrAB homologs rendered V. vulnificus more susceptible to acriflavine only. Deletion of vexCD had no effect on susceptibility of V. vulnificus to these chemicals. Upon exposure to these antibacterial chemicals, expression of tolCV1 and tolCV2, which are putative outer membrane factors of RND efflux pumps, was induced, whereas expression levels of vexAB, vexCD, and acrAB homologs were not significantly changed. Our results show that the V. vulnificus homologs of VexAB largely contributed to in vitro antimicrobial resistance with a broad substrate specificity that was partially redundant with the AcrAB pump homologs.

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Dynamics of efflux pumps in antimicrobial resistance, persistence, and community living of Vibrionaceae
Sanath Kumar, Manjusha Lekshmi, Jerusha Stephen, Anely Ortiz-Alegria, Matthew Ayitah, Manuel F. Varela
Archives of Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Membrane Efflux Pumps of Pathogenic Vibrio Species: Role in Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence
Jerusha Stephen, Manjusha Lekshmi, Parvathi Ammini, Sanath H. Kumar, Manuel F. Varela
Microorganisms.2022; 10(2): 382. CrossRef
TolCV1 Has Multifaceted Roles During Vibrio vulnificus Infection
Yue Gong, Rui Hong Guo, Joon Haeng Rhee, Young Ran Kim
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The mechanisms that regulate Vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence gene expression differ between pathotypes
Nicholas Petronella, Jennifer Ronholm
Microbial Genomics .2018;[Epub] CrossRef
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter VcaM from Vibrio cholerae is Dependent on the Outer Membrane Factor Family for Its Function
Wen-Jung Lu, Hsuan-Ju Lin, Thamarai Janganan, Cheng-Yi Li, Wei-Chiang Chin, Vassiliy Bavro, Hong-Ting Lin
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2018; 19(4): 1000. CrossRef
Contribution of efflux systems to the detergent resistance, cytotoxicity, and biofilm formation of Vibrio vulnificus
Chung-Cheng Lo, Pei-Ting Lin, Chuan Chiang-Ni, Kuan-Hua Lin, Shin-Luen Lee, Tzu-Fang Kuo, Horng-Ren Lo
Gene Reports.2017; 9: 115. CrossRef
Survival of the Fittest: How Bacterial Pathogens Utilize Bile To Enhance Infection
Jeticia R. Sistrunk, Kourtney P. Nickerson, Rachael B. Chanin, David A. Rasko, Christina S. Faherty
Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2016; 29(4): 819. CrossRef
MdsABC-Mediated Pathway for Pathogenicity in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
Saemee Song, Boeun Lee, Ji-Hyun Yeom, Soonhye Hwang, Ilnam Kang, Jang-Cheon Cho, Nam-Chul Ha, Jeehyeon Bae, Kangseok Lee, Yong-Hak Kim, S. M. Payne
Infection and Immunity.2015; 83(11): 4266. CrossRef
Molecular architecture of the bacterial tripartite multidrug efflux pump focusing on the adaptor bridging model
Saemee Song, Jin-Sik Kim, Kangseok Lee, Nam-Chul Ha
Journal of Microbiology.2015; 53(6): 355. CrossRef

Interaction between the α-Barrel Tip of Vibrio vulnificus TolC Homologs and AcrA Implies the Adapter Bridging Model: Seunghwa Lee , Saemee Song , Minho Lee , Soonhye Hwang , Ji-Sun Kim , Nam-Chul Ha , Kangseok Lee; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(2):148-153. Published online February 1, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-3578-2

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Abstract

The AcrAB-TolC multidrug efflux pump confers resistance to Escherichia coli against many antibiotics and toxic compounds. The TolC protein is an outer membrane factor that participates in the formation of type I secretion systems. The genome of Vibrio vulnificus encodes two proteins homologous to the E. coli TolC, designated TolCV1 and TolCV2. Here, we show that both TolCV1 and TolCV2 partially complement the E. coli TolC function and physically interact with the membrane fusion protein AcrA, a component of the E. coli AcrAB-TolC efflux pump. Using site-directed mutational analyses and an in vivo cross-linking assay, we demonstrated that the α-barrel tip region of TolC homologs plays a critical role in the formation of functional AcrAB-TolC efflux pumps. Our findings suggest the adapter bridging model as a general assembly mechanism for tripartite drug efflux pumps in Gram-negative bacteria.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Progress of Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Stilbenoids
Xiancai Li, Yongqing Li, Binghong Xiong, Shengxiang Qiu
Pharmaceutics.2024; 16(5): 663. CrossRef
Membrane Efflux Pumps of Pathogenic Vibrio Species: Role in Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence
Jerusha Stephen, Manjusha Lekshmi, Parvathi Ammini, Sanath H. Kumar, Manuel F. Varela
Microorganisms.2022; 10(2): 382. CrossRef
TolCV1 Has Multifaceted Roles During Vibrio vulnificus Infection
Yue Gong, Rui Hong Guo, Joon Haeng Rhee, Young Ran Kim
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Recent paradigm shift in the assembly of bacterial tripartite efflux pumps and the type I secretion system
Inseong Jo, Jin-Sik Kim, Yongbin Xu, Jaekyung Hyun, Kangseok Lee, Nam-Chul Ha
Journal of Microbiology.2019; 57(3): 185. CrossRef
NaCl promotes antibiotic resistance by reducing redox states in Vibrio alginolyticus
Jun Yang, Zao‐Hai Zeng, Man‐Jun Yang, Zhi‐Xue Cheng, Xuan‐Xian Peng, Hui Li
Environmental Microbiology.2018; 20(11): 4022. CrossRef
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter VcaM from Vibrio cholerae is Dependent on the Outer Membrane Factor Family for Its Function
Wen-Jung Lu, Hsuan-Ju Lin, Thamarai Janganan, Cheng-Yi Li, Wei-Chiang Chin, Vassiliy Bavro, Hong-Ting Lin
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2018; 19(4): 1000. CrossRef
Functional analysis of Vibrio vulnificus RND efflux pumps homologous to Vibrio cholerae VexAB and VexCD, and to Escherichia coli AcrAB
Seunghwa Lee, Ji-Hyun Yeom, Sojin Seo, Minho Lee, Sarang Kim, Jeehyeon Bae, Kangseok Lee, Jihwan Hwang
Journal of Microbiology.2015; 53(4): 256. CrossRef
Molecular architecture of the bacterial tripartite multidrug efflux pump focusing on the adaptor bridging model
Saemee Song, Jin-Sik Kim, Kangseok Lee, Nam-Chul Ha
Journal of Microbiology.2015; 53(6): 355. CrossRef
Interaction Mediated by the Putative Tip Regions of MdsA and MdsC in the Formation of a Salmonella-Specific Tripartite Efflux Pump
Saemee Song, Soonhye Hwang, Seunghwa Lee, Nam-Chul Ha, Kangseok Lee, Eric Cascales
PLoS ONE.2014; 9(6): e100881. CrossRef
Functional Analysis of TolC Homologs in Vibrio vulnificus
Seunghwa Lee, Saemee Song, Kangseok Lee
Current Microbiology.2014; 68(6): 729. CrossRef

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