Two novel Gram-stain-negative, strictly-aerobic, rod-shaped (1.2 ± 3.4 μm × 0.3 ± 0.7 μm), and non-motile marine bacterial
species, designated MEBiC05379T
and MEBiC07777T,
were isolated from a marine sponge Pseudaxinella sp. in Gangneung
City and deep-sea sediments of the Ulleung basin in the East Sea of Korea, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene sequence
analysis revealed high levels of similarities between these strains and members of the genus Flavivirga (97.0–98.4% sequence
identities). Both novel strains revealed as mesophilic, neutrophilic in pH and slightly halophilic. Similar to those of other Flavivirga
members, the primary cellular fatty acids of both strains were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:1 G, iso-C15:03-OH, and iso-C17:0 3-OH,
with MEBiC05379T
and MEBiC07777T
containing relatively higher proportions of C12:
0 and summed feature 3 (
C16:1ω7c
and/or C16:
1ω6c). In both taxa, the major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6. The DNA G + C contents of MEBiC05379T
and
MEBiC07777T
genomes were 32.62 and 32.46 mol%, respectively. Compared to other members of Flavivirga, both strains
exhibited similar DNA G + C ratio and fatty acids pattern, yet enzyme expression and carbon sources utilization pattern were
different. Genomes of the genus Flavivirga showed enzyme preferences to fucoidan and sulfated galactans. Considering the
monophyly rule, AAI values delineate the genus Flavivirga from adjacent genera calculated to be 76.0–78.7%. Based on
the phenotypic, genomic and biochemical data, strains for MEBiC05379T
and MEBiC07777T
thus represent two novel species
in the genus Flavivirga, for which the names Flavivirga spongiicola sp. nov. (
MEBiC05379T [= KCTC 92527
T = JCM
16662
T]), and Flavivirga abyssicola sp. nov. (
MEBiC07777T [= KCTC 92563
T = JCM 36477
T]) are proposed.
Citations
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