Journal of Microbiology

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Molecular Characterization Reveals Involvement of Altered El Tor Biotype Vibrio cholerae O1 Strains in Cholera Outbreak at Hyderabad, India: Ajay Kumar Goel , Meenu Jain , Pramod Kumar , Pennagaram Sarguna , Meera Bai , Neha Ghosh , Natrajan Gopalan; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(2):280-284. Published online May 3, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-0317-9

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Thirty-four Vibrio cholerae isolates collected from a cholera outbreak in Hyderabad, South India were found to belong to serogroup O1 biotype El Tor serotype Ogawa. The genotype of all the isolates was confirmed by PCR assays. All the isolates were found PCR positive for ctxAB, ompW, rfbO1, rtxC, and tcpA genes. All the isolates but one harboured rstREl Tor allele. However, one isolate carried both rstREl Tor as well as rstRClassical alleles. Cholera toxin (ctxB) genotyping of the isolates confirmed the presence of altered cholera toxin B of classical biotype in all the isolates. All the isolates except VCH35 harboured an RS1-CTX prophage array on the large chromosome. The isolate VCH35 contained a tandem repeat of classical CTX prophage on the small chromosome. The clonal relationship among the V. cholerae isolates as carried out by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences PCR, BOX PCR and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, uniformly showed a genetic relationship among the outbreak isolates. The results of this study suggest that altered El Tor biotype V. cholerae with the classical cholera toxin gene are involved in cholera outbreaks in India.

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Classification of Hybrid and Altered Vibrio cholerae Strains by CTX Prophage and RS1 Element Structure: Je Hee Lee , Seon Young Choi , Yoon-Seong Jeon , Hye Ri Lee , Eun Jin Kim , Binh Minh Nguyen , Nguyen Tran Hien , M. Ansaruzzaman , M. Sirajul Islam , Nurul A. Bhuiyan , S.K. Niyogi , B.L. Sarkar , G. Balakrish Nair , Dae Shick Kim , Anna Lena Lopez , Cecil Czerkinsky , John D. Clemens , Jongsik Chun , Dong Wook Kim; J. Microbiol. 2009;47(6):783-788. Published online February 4, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-009-0292-6

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Abstract

Analysis of the CTX prophage and RS1 element in hybrid and altered Vibrio cholera O1 strains showed two classifiable groups. Group I strains contain a tandem repeat of classical CTX prophage on the small chromosome. Strains in this group either contain no element(s) or an additional CTX prophage or RS1 element(s) on the large chromosome. Group II strains harbor RS1 and CTX prophage, which has an El Tor type rstR and classical ctxB on the large chromosome.

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