Journal of Microbiology

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Oxidative stress response of Deinococcus geothermalis via a cystine importer: Minwook Kim , Sunwook Jeong , Sangyong Lim , Jeonggu Sim , Ho-Gun Rhie , Sung-Jae Lee; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(2):137-146. Published online January 26, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-6382-y

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A cystine-dependent anti-oxidative stress response is characterized in Deinococcus geothermalis for the first time. Nevertheless, the same transcriptional directed Δdgeo_1985F mutant strain was revealed to have an identical phenotype to the wild-type strain, while the reverse transcriptional directed Δdgeo_1985R mutant strain was more resistant to oxidative stress at a certain concentration of H2O2 than the wild-type strain. The wild-type and mutant strains expressed equal levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase under H2O2-induced stress. Although the expression levels of the general DNAdamage response-related genes recA, pprA, ddrA, and ddrB were up-regulated by more than five-fold in the wild-type strain relative to the Δdgeo_1985R mutant strain, the mutant strain had a higher survival rate than the wild-type under H2O2 stress. The Δdgeo_1985R mutant strain highly expressed a cystine-transporter gene (dgeo_1986), at levels 150-fold higher than the wild-type strain, leading to the conclusion that this cystine transporter might be involved in the defensive response to H2O2 stress. In this study, the cystine transporter was identified and characterized through membrane protein expression analysis, a cystine-binding assay, and assays of intracellular H2O2, cysteine, and thiol levels. The genedisrupted mutant strain of the cystine importer revealed high sensitivity to H2O2 and less absorbed cystine, resulting in low concentrations of total thiol. Thus, the absorbed cystine via this cystine-specific importer may be converted into cysteine, which acts as a primitive defense substrate that non-enzymatically scavenges oxidative stress agents in D. geothermalis.

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The Mechanism of Zinc Oxide in Alleviating Diarrhea in Piglets after Weaning: A Review from the Perspective of Intestinal Barrier Function
Xiaopeng Tang, Kangning Xiong, Yan Zeng, Rejun Fang
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(18): 10040. CrossRef
The Transposition of Insertion Sequences in Sigma-Factor- and LysR-Deficient Mutants of Deinococcus geothermalis
Ji Hyun Park, Sohee Lee, Eunjung Shin, Sama Abdi Nansa, Sung-Jae Lee
Microorganisms.2024; 12(2): 328. CrossRef
Transposition of insertion sequences by dielectric barrier discharge plasma and gamma irradiation in the radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis
Qianying Ye, Eunjung Shin, Chanjae Lee, Nakjun Choi, Yeonho Kim, Ki Sun Yoon, Sung-Jae Lee
Journal of Microbiological Methods.2022; 196: 106473. CrossRef
Proteomic profiling of Deinococcus radiodurans with response to thioredoxin reductase inhibitor and ionizing radiation treatment
Sudharsan M, Rajendra Prasad N, Anindita Chakraborty, Saravanan Rajendrasozhan
Journal of Proteomics.2022; 267: 104697. CrossRef
Influence of Redox Imbalances on the Transposition of Insertion Sequences in Deinococcus geothermalis
Qianying Ye, Chanjae Lee, Eunjung Shin, Sung-Jae Lee
Antioxidants.2021; 10(10): 1623. CrossRef
Active Transposition of Insertion Sequences by Oxidative Stress in Deinococcus geothermalis
Chanjae Lee, Kyungsil Choo, Sung-Jae Lee
Frontiers in Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Oxidative stress-mediated genotoxic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on Deinococcus radiodurans
Ragini Singh, Shuang Cheng, Sanjay Singh
3 Biotech.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Redox potential change by the cystine importer affected on enzymatic antioxidant protection in Deinococcus geothermalis
Kyungsil Choo, Minwook Kim, Sama Abdi Nansa, Min K. Bae, Chanjae Lee, Sung-Jae Lee
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.2020; 113(6): 779. CrossRef
Transposition of Insertion Sequences was Triggered by Oxidative Stress in Radiation-Resistant Bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis
Chanjae Lee, Nakjun Choi, Min K. Bae, Kyungsil Choo, Sung-Jae Lee
Microorganisms.2019; 7(10): 446. CrossRef
Conservation and diversity of radiation and oxidative stress resistance mechanisms inDeinococcusspecies
Sangyong Lim, Jong-Hyun Jung, Laurence Blanchard, Arjan de Groot
FEMS Microbiology Reviews.2019; 43(1): 19. CrossRef
Metabolic Alternations of Amino Acids, γ-Aminobutyric Acid, and Salicylic Acid in Solanum lycopersicum (L.) Following Preplanting Seedling Spray with Salicylic Acid
Hari C. Meher, Ghanendra Singh, Gautam Chawla
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.2018; 66(46): 12236. CrossRef

Deinococcus rubellus sp. nov., bacteria isolated from the muscle of antarctic fish: Seok-Gwan Choi , Seon Hwa Jeon , Jae-Bong Lee , Eun Sun Joo , Sangyong Lim , Hee-Young Jung , Myung Kyum Kim; J. Microbiol. 2016;54(12):796-801. Published online November 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-6390-3

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Abstract

Two new bacterial strains designated as Ant6T and Ant18 were isolated from the muscle of a fish which had been caught in the Antarctic Ocean. Both strains are Gram-stain-positive, catalase positive, oxidase negative, aerobic, and coccoid bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains Ant6T and Ant18 revealed that the strains Ant6T and Ant18 belong to the genus Deinococcus in the family Deinococcaceae in the class Deinococci. The highest degrees of sequence similarities of strains Ant6T and Ant18 were found with Deinococcus alpinitundrae LMG 24283T by 96.4% and 96.8%, respectively. Strain Ant6T exhibited a high level of DNA- DNA hybridization values with strain Ant18 (82 ± 0.6%). Chemotaxonomic data revealed that the predominant fatty acids were C17􍾙:􍾙0 cyclo, 16:0, and feature 3 (C16:1 ω6c/ω7c) for both strains. A complex polar lipid profile consisted of major amounts of unknown phosphoglycolipids (PGL) and unknown aminophospholipid (APL). Based on the phylogenetic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic data, strains Ant6T (=KEMB 9004-169T =JCM 31434T) and Ant18 (=KEMB 9004- 170) should be classified as a new species, for which the name Deinococcus rubellus sp. nov. is proposed.

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Complete genome sequence of Deinococcus rubellus Ant6 isolated from the fish muscle in the Antarctic Ocean
Surajit De Mandal, Sathiyaraj Srinivasan, Junhyun Jeon
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Deinococcus sedimenti sp. nov. isolated from river sediment: Jae-Jin Lee , Yeon-Hee Lee , Su-Jin Park , Sangyong Lim , Sun-Wook Jeong , Seung-Yeol Lee , Sangkyu Park , Hyo-Won Choi , Myung Kyum Kim , Hee-Young Jung; J. Microbiol. 2016;54(12):802-808. Published online November 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-6361-8

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Abstract

A novel Gram-positive, oval-shaped, non-motile bacterium designated strain 16F1LT was isolated from sediment collected from the Han River in Seoul, Republic of Korea. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence (1,448 bp), this strain was identified as a member of the genus Deinococcus that belongs to the class Deinococci. Similarities in the 16S rRNA gene sequence were shown with Deinococcus daejeonensis MJ27T (99.0%), D. grandis DSM 3963T (98.1%), D. radiotolerans C1T (97.5%), and D. caeni Ho-08T (97.2%). Strain 16F1LT was classified as a different genomic species from closely related Deinococcus members, based on less than 70% DNA-DNA relatedness. Genomic DNA G+C content of strain 16F1LT was 67.2 mol%. Strain 16F1LT was found to grow at temperatures of 10–37°C (optimum 25°C) and pH 7–8 (optimum pH 7) on R2A medium, and was catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Strain 16F1LT showed resistance to gamma radiation (D10 > 2 kGy). In addition, this strain had the following chemotaxonomic characteristics: the major fatty acids were C15:1 ω6c and C16:1 ω7c; the polar lipid profile contained phosphoglycolipids, unknown aminophospholipids, an unknown aminoglycolipid, unknown aminolipids, an unknown glycolipid, an unknown phospholipid, and an unknown polar lipid; the major quinone was MK-8. Phylogenetic, genotypic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics indicated that strain 16F1LT represents a novel species within the genus Deinococcus, for which the name Deinococcus sedimenti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 16F1LT (=KCTC 33796T =JCM 31405T).

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Insights into the radiation and oxidative stress mechanisms in genus Deinococcus
Nirjara Singhvi, Chandni Talwar, Shekhar Nagar, Helianthous Verma, Jasvinder Kaur, Nitish Kumar Mahato, Nabeel Ahmad, Krishnendu Mondal, Vipin Gupta, Rup Lal
Computational Biology and Chemistry.2024; 112: 108161. CrossRef
Deinococcus fonticola sp. nov., isolated from a radioactive thermal spring in Hungary
Judit Makk, Nóra Tünde Enyedi, Erika Tóth, Dóra Anda, Attila Szabó, Tamás Felföldi, Peter Schumann, Judit Mádl-Szőnyi, Andrea K. Borsodi
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology.2019; 69(6): 1724. CrossRef
Deinococcus arcticus sp. nov., isolated from Silene acaulis rhizosphere soil of the Arctic tundra
Xin-Peng Wang, Chang-Ming Li, Yong Yu, Hui-Rong Li, Zong-Jun Du, Da-shuai Mu
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2019; 69(11): 3437. CrossRef
Removal of Pb(II) by Pellicle-Like Biofilm-Producing Methylobacterium hispanicum EM2 Strain from Aqueous Media
Sun-Wook Jeong, Hyo Kim, Jung Yang, Yong Choi
Water.2019; 11(10): 2081. CrossRef
List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published
Aharon Oren, George M Garrity
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2017; 67(5): 1095. CrossRef

Deinococcus seoulensis sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from sediment at Han River in Seoul, Republic of Korea: Jae-Jin Lee , Yeon-Hee Lee , Su-Jin Park , Sangyong Lim , Sun-Wook Jeong , Seung-Yeol Lee , Young-Je Cho , Myung Kyum Kim , Hee-Young Jung; J. Microbiol. 2016;54(8):537-542. Published online August 2, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-6253-y

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Abstract

Strain 16F1ET was isolated from a 3-kGy-irradiated sediment sample collected at Han River in Seoul, Republic of Korea. Cells of this strain were observed to be Gram-positive, pililike structure, and short rod shape, and colonies were red in color. The strain showed the highest degree of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Deinococcus aquaticus PB314T (98.8%), Deinococcus depolymerans TDMA-24T (98.1%), Deinococcus caeni Ho-08T (98.0%), and Deinococcus grandis DSM 3963T (97.0%). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis identified this strain as a member of the genus Deinococcus (Family: Deinococcaceae). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain 16F1ET was 66.9 mol%. The low levels of DNA-DNA hybridization (< 56.2%) with the species mentioned above identified strain 16F1ET as a novel Deinococcus species. Its oxidase and catalase activities as well as the production of acid from glucose were positive. Growth of the strain was observed at 10–37°C (optimum: 20–30°C) and pH 4–10 (optimum: pH 7–8). The cells tolerated less than 5% NaCl and had low resistance to gamma radiation (D10 < 4 kGy). Strain 16F1ET possessed the following chemotaxonomic characteristics: C16:0, C15:1 ω6c, and C16:1 ω7c as the major fatty acids; phosphoglycolipid as the predominant polar lipid; and menaquinone-8 as the predominant respiratory isoprenoid quinone. Based on the polyphasic evidence, as well as the phylogenetic, genotypic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characterization results, strain 16F1ET (=KCTC 33793T =JCM 31404T) is proposed to represent the type strain of a novel species, Deinococcus seoulensis sp. nov.

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Insights into the radiation and oxidative stress mechanisms in genus Deinococcus
Nirjara Singhvi, Chandni Talwar, Shekhar Nagar, Helianthous Verma, Jasvinder Kaur, Nitish Kumar Mahato, Nabeel Ahmad, Krishnendu Mondal, Vipin Gupta, Rup Lal
Computational Biology and Chemistry.2024; 112: 108161. CrossRef
Complete Genome Sequence of Deinococcus aquaticus Type Strain PB314, a Non-Extremophile Representative of the Genus Deinococcus
Chad Albert, Jonathan Hill, Leilani Boren, Stacy Scholz-Ng, Nahid Fatema, Ryan Grosso, Erica Soboslay, James Tuohy, David A. Baltrus
Microbiology Resource Announcements.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Deinococcus betulae sp. nov. and Deinococcus arboris sp. nov., novel bacteria isolated from bark of birch tree (Betula platyphylla)
Seokhyeon Bae, Heeyoung Kang, Haneul Kim, Kiseong Joh
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Deinococcus taeanensis sp. nov., a Radiation-Resistant Bacterium Isolated from a Coastal Dune
Ji Hee Lee, Jong-Hyun Jung, Min-Kyu Kim, Sangyong Lim
Current Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Microbial Monitoring in the EDEN ISS Greenhouse, a Mobile Test Facility in Antarctica
Jana Fahrion, Carina Fink, Paul Zabel, Daniel Schubert, Mohamed Mysara, Rob Van Houdt, Bernhard Eikmanns, Kristina Beblo-Vranesevic, Petra Rettberg
Frontiers in Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Deinococcus arcticus sp. nov., isolated from Silene acaulis rhizosphere soil of the Arctic tundra
Xin-Peng Wang, Chang-Ming Li, Yong Yu, Hui-Rong Li, Zong-Jun Du, Da-shuai Mu
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2019; 69(11): 3437. CrossRef
Specific Members of the Gut Microbiota are Reliable Biomarkers of Irradiation Intensity and Lethality in Large Animal Models of Human Health
Franck Carbonero, Alba Mayta, Mathilde Bolea, Jiang-Zhou Yu, Matt Lindeblad, Alex Lyubimov, Flavia Neri, Erzsebet Szilagyi, Brett Smith, Lisa Halliday, Amelia Bartholomew
Radiation Research.2018; 191(1): 107. CrossRef
Deinococcus rufus sp. nov., isolated from soil near an iron factory
Qian Wang, Yali Song, Lina Choi, Hongyu Liu, Gejiao Wang, Mingshun Li
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology.2018; 68(5): 1622. CrossRef
Deinococcus knuensis sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from river water
Jae-Jin Lee, Yeon-Hee Lee, Su-Jin Park, Seung-Yeol Lee, Sangkyu Park, Dae Sung Lee, In-Kyu Kang, Leonid N. Ten, Hee-Young Jung
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.2017; 110(3): 407. CrossRef
List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published
Aharon Oren, George M. Garrity
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2016; 66(11): 4299. CrossRef

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts

Deinococcus swuensis sp. nov., a Gamma-Radiation-Resistant Bacterium Isolated from Soil: Jae-Jin Lee , Hyun Ji Lee , Gi Seon Jang , Ja Myoung Yu , Ji Yoon Cha , Su Jeong Kim , Eun Bit Lee , Myung Kyum Kim; J. Microbiol. 2013;51(3):305-311. Published online June 28, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-013-3023-y

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Abstract: Strain DY59T, a Gram-positive non-motile bacterium, was isolated from soil in South Korea, and was characterized to determine its taxonomic position. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain DY59T revealed that the strain DY59T belonged to the family Deinococcaceae in the class Deinococci. The highest degree of sequence similarities of strain DY59T were found with Deinococcus radiopugnans KACC 11999T (99.0%), Deinococcus marmoris KACC 12218T (97.9%), Deinococcus saxicola KACC 12240T (97.0%), Deinococcus aerolatus KACC 12745T (96.2%), and Deinococcus frigens KACC 12220T (96.1%). Chemotaxonomic data revealed that the predominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0 (19.0%), C16:1 ω7c (17.7%), C15:1 ω6c (12.6%), iso-C17:0 (10.3%), and iso-C17:1 ω9c (10.3%). A complex polar lipid profile consisted of a major unknown phosphoglycolipid. The predominant respiratory quinone is MK-8. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained D-alanine, L-glutamic acid, glycine, and L-ornithine (di-amino acid). The novel strain showed resistance to gamma radiation, with a D10 value (i.e. the dose required to reduce the bacterial population by 10-fold) in excess of 5 kGy. Based on the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic, and phenotypic data, strain DY59T (=KCTC 33033T =JCM 18581T) should be classified as a type strain of a novel species, for which the name Deinococcus swuensis sp. nov. is proposed.

DRA0336, Another OxyR Homolog, Involved in the Antioxidation Mechanisms in Deinococcus radiodurans: Longfei Yin , Liangyan Wang , Huiming Lu , Guangzhi Xu , Huan Chen , Hongdan Zhan , Bing Tian , Yuejin Hua; J. Microbiol. 2010;48(4):473-479. Published online August 20, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-0043-8

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Abstract: A novel OxyR (DR0615) with one conserved cysteine that senses hydrogen peroxide in Deinococcus radiodurans had been identified in our previous work. Comparative genomics revealed that D. radiodurans possesses another OxyR homolog, OxyR2 (DRA0336). In this study, we constructed the deletion mutant of oxyR2 and the double mutant of both the OxyR homologs to investigate the role of OxyR in response to oxidative stress in D. radiodurans. Deletion of oxyR2 resulted in an obviously increased sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, and the double mutant for oxyR and oxyR2 was significantly more sensitive than any of the two single mutants. The total catalase activity of the double mutant was lower than that of any of the single mutants, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated to a greater extent. DNA microarray analysis further suggested that oxyR2 was involved in antioxidation mechanisms. Site-direct mutagenesis and complementation analysis revealed that C228 in OxyR2 was essential. This is the first report of the presence of two OxyR in one organism. These results suggest that D. radiodurans OxyR and OxyR2 function together to protect the cell against oxidative stress.

Iso-Superoxide Dismutase in Deinococcus grandis, a UV Resistant Bacterium: Na-Rae Yun , Young Nam Lee; J. Microbiol. 2009;47(2):172-177. Published online May 2, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0221-0

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Abstract: Deinococcus grandis possesses two types of superoxide dismutase (SOD, E. C. 1.15.1.1.) that show distinct electrophoretic behavior, one that migrates slowly and the other that migrates rapidly (SOD-1 and SOD-2, respectively). In this study, SOD-1 was uniformly and abundantly detected, regardless of growth phase, whereas SOD-2 was not detected during early growth, but was detectable from the exponential growth phase. In addition, a substantial increase in SOD-2 was observed in cells that were treated with potassium superoxide or UV, which suggests that SOD-2 is an inducible protein produced in response to stressful environments. Insensitivity of SOD-1 to both H2O2 and cyanide treatment suggests that SOD-1 is MnSOD. However, SOD-2 would be FeSOD, since it lost activity in response to H2O2 treatment, but not to cyanide. Localization studies of D. grandis iso-SODs in sucrose-shocked cells suggest that SOD-1 is a membrane-associated enzyme, whereas SOD-2 is a cytosolic enzyme. In conclusion, SOD-1 seems to be an essential constitutive enzyme for viability and SOD-2 appears to be an inducible enzyme that is probably critical for survival upon UV irradiation and oxidative stress.

Analysis of Double Stranded DNA-dependent Activities of Deinococcus radiodurans RecA Protein: Jong-Il Kim; J. Microbiol. 2006;44(5):508-514.; DOI: https://doi.org/2447 [pii]

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Abstract: In this study, the double-stranded DNA-dependent activities of Deinococcus radiodurans RecA protein (Dr RecA) were characterized. The interactions of the Dr RecA protein with double-stranded DNA were determined, especially dsDNA-dependent ATP hydrolysis by the Dr RecA protein and the DNA strand exchange reaction, in which multiple branch points exist on a single RecA protein-DNA complex. A nucleotide cofactor (ATP or dATP ) was required for the Dr RecA protein binding to duplex DNA. In the presence of dATP, the nucleation step in the binding process occurred more rapidly than in the presence of ATP. Salts inhibited the binding of the Dr RecA protein to double-stranded DNA. Doublestranded DNA-dependent ATPase activities showed a different sensitivity to anion species. Glutamate had only a minimal effect on the double-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase activities, up to a concentration of 0.7 M. In the competition experiment for Dr RecA protein binding, the Dr RecA protein manifested a higher affinity to double-stranded DNA than was observed for single-stranded DNA.

Occurrence of Thioredoxin Reductase in Deinococcus Species, the UV resistant Bacteria: Hee Jeong Seo , Young Nam Lee; J. Microbiol. 2006;44(4):461-465.; DOI: https://doi.org/2404 [pii]

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Abstract: The occurrence of thioredoxin reductase (NAD(P)H: oxidized-thioredoxin reductase, EC 1.6.4.5, TrxR) in five mesophilic species of Deinococcus was investigated by PAGE. Each species possessed a unique TrxR pattern, for example, a single TrxR characterized D. radiopugnans while multiple forms of TrxR occurred in other Deinococcal spp. Most of TrxRs occurring in Deinococcus showed dual cofactor specificity, active with either NADH or NADPH, although the NADPH specific-TrxR was observed in D. radiophilus and D.proteolyticus.

Retraction of Publication

Retraction Note to: Identification of the Vibrio vulnificus htpG Gene and Its Influence on Cold Shock Recovery: Slae Choi , Kyungku Jang , Seulah Choi , Hee-jee Yun , Dong-Hyun Kang; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):657-657.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1680-4

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Purification and Characterization of Catalase-3 of Deinococcus radiophilus: Lee, In Jeong , Lee, Young Nam; J. Microbiol. 1995;33(3):239-243.

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Abstract: Deinococcus radiophilus, an UV resistant bacterium seemed to contain three issoenzymes of catalase. Among them, the samllest and most abundant species in cell-free extract, catalase-3 which also exhibited peroxidase activity was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity (145-fold purification) by chromatographic procedures. Its molecular weight was 155 kDa composed of four 38 kDa subunits. The K_m value of catalase-3 for H₂O₂was approximately 0.5 mM. This enzyme showed a typical ferric heme spectrum with maximum absorption at 405 nm. Upon binding to cyanide, the 405 nm peak shifted to 420 nm. Catalase-3 was very sensitive to inhibitors of heme proteins, such as cyanide, azide and hydroxylamine. A ratio of A_405/A_28O was 0.5 Catalase-3 was active over a wide range of pH, between pH 7 and 10. The enzyme was rather heat-labile and partially sensitive to ethanol-chloroform treatment, but resistant to 3-amino-1, 2, 4-triazole. Catalase-3 of D. radiophilus, which is a bifunction catalatic peroxidatic enzyme seemed to share certain molecular properties with the typical catalase and the catalase-peroxidase along with its own unique features.

Superoxide Dismutase Profiles in the Mesophilic Deinococcus Species: Young Sun Yun , Young Nam Lee; J. Microbiol. 2001;39(3):232-235.

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Abstract: Electrophoretic resolution of superoxide dismutase (SOD) from the highly UV-resistant bacteria, Deinococcus species revealed multiple forms of superoxide dismutases (SODs) in D. radiodurans, D. grandis, and D. proteolyticus, as judged from electrophoretic properties and metal cofactors. A single SOD occurred in both D. radiophilus and D. radiopugnans. Deinococcal SODs were either MnSOD, FeSOD or cambialistic Mn/FeSOD. The unique SOD profile of each mesophilic Deinococcus species, multiplicity and metal cofactors, would be valuable in identifying Deinococcus species.

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