Journal of Microbiology

Journal Articles

Quorum Quenching Potential of Reyranella sp. Isolated from Riverside Soil and Description of Reyranella humidisoli sp. nov.: Dong Hyeon Lee, Seung Bum Kim; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(6):449-461. Published online May 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00131-2

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Quorum quenching refers to any mechanism that inhibits quorum sensing processes. In this study, quorum quenching activity among bacteria inhabiting riverside soil was screened, and a novel Gram-stain-negative, rod shaped bacterial strain designated MMS21-HV4-11(T), which showed the highest level of quorum quenching activity, was isolated and subjected to further analysis. Strain MMS21-HV4-11(T) could be assigned to the genus Reyranella of Alphaproteobacteria based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, as the strain shared 98.74% sequence similarity with Reyranella aquatilis seoho-37(T), and then 97.87% and 97.80% sequence similarity with Reyranella soli KIS14-15(T) and Reyranella massiliensis 521(T), respectively. The decomposed N-acyl homoserine lactone was restored at high concentrations under acidic conditions, implying that lactonase and other enzyme(s) are responsible for quorum quenching. The genome analysis indicated that strain MMS21-HV4-11(T) had two candidate genes for lactonase and one for acylase, and expected protein structures were confirmed. In the quorum sensing inhibition assay using a plant pathogen Pectobacterium carotovorum KACC 14888, development of soft rot was significantly inhibited by strain MMS21-HV4-11(T). Besides, the swarming motility by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 was significantly inhibited in the presence of strain MMS21-HV4-11(T). Since the isolate did not display direct antibacterial activity against either of these species, the inhibition was certainly due to quorum quenching activity. In an extended study with the type strains of all known species of Reyranella, all strains were capable of degrading N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs), thus showing quorum quenching potential at the genus level. This is the first study on the quorum quenching potential and enzymes responsible in Reyranella. In addition, MMS21-HV4-11(T) could be recognized as a new species through taxonomic characterization, for which the name Reyranella humidisoli sp. nov. is proposed (type strain = MMS21-HV4-11( T) = KCTC 82780( T) = LMG 32365(T)).

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Study of N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) degradation potential of bacteria isolated from environmental samples and their impact on quorum sensing regulated biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Anju Tomy, Rakesh Yasarla
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering.2025; 13(2): 115974. CrossRef
Research progress of bacterial quorum sensing systems in synthetic biology applications
Boyu Luo, Tuoyu Liu, Zhi Sun, Yue Teng
Chinese Science Bulletin.2024; 69(36): 5213. CrossRef
Validation List no. 220. Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM
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International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Helicobacter pylori-mediated gastric pathogenesis is attenuated by treatment of 2-deoxyglucose and metformin: Hanfu Su , Eun-Jung Bak , Aeryun Kim , Kavinda Tissera , Jeong-Heon Cha , Sungil Jang; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(8):849-858. Published online June 22, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2130-z

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Abstract

Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic inflammation in the stomach, which is linked to the development of gastric cancer. The anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of a glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) and an antidiabetic medication metformin (Met) have gotten attention. Using a Mongolian gerbil animal model, we investigated H. pylorimediated gastric pathogenesis and how this pathogenesis is influenced by 2DG and Met. Five-week-old male gerbils were infected with H. pylori strain 7.13. After 2 weeks of infection, gerbils were fed 2DG-containing food (0.03% w/w), Met-containing water (0.5% w/v), or both (Combi) for 2 (short-term) or 10 weeks (long-term). Gastric pathogenesis and host response to H. pylori infection were examined by macroscopic and histopathologic analysis of gerbils’ stomach. As a result, indicators of gastric pathogenesis by H. pylori infection including infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and lymphocytes, intestinal metaplasia, atrophy, and proliferation of gastric epithelial cells were attenuated by short-term administration of 2DG, Met, or Combi. When the infection was sustained for long-term, gastric pathogenesis in drug-treated gerbils was equivalent to that in untreated gerbils, with the exception that the infiltration of neutrophil was reduced by 2DG. Colonization of H. pylori in stomach was unaffected by both short- and long-term treatments. Our findings demonstrate that the progression of gastric pathogenesis induced by H. pylori infection can be attenuated by the shortterm individual or combinational treatment of 2DG and Met, implying that 2DG or Met could be considered as a treatment option for gastric diseases in the early stages of infection.

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Antibacterial and Immunoregulatory Effects of Metformin against Helicobacter pylori Infection in Rat Model
Hassan Valadbeigi, Saeed Khoshnood, Babak Negahdari, Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah, Mohammad Hossein Haddadi, Abhimanyu Abhimanyu
BioMed Research International.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Metformin on the Prognosis of Gastric Cancer Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis Based on Retrospective Cohort Studies
Lingna Li, Jianing Huang, Tongmin Huang, Jie Yao, Yeyuan Zhang, Meiling Chen, Haojie Shentu, Haiying Lou, Flavia Prodam
International Journal of Endocrinology.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef

Function of Rhs proteins in porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli PCN033: Wenjia Lu , Jia Tan , Hao Lu , Gaoyan Wang , Wenqi Dong , Chenchen Wang , Xiaodan Li , Chen Tan; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(9):854-860. Published online August 12, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1189-2

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Abstract

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is an important zoonotic pathogen that places severe burdens on public health and animal husbandry. There are many pathogenic factors in E. coli. The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a nano-microbial weapon that can assemble quickly and inject toxic effectors into recipient cells when danger is encountered. T6SSs are encoded in the genomes of approximately 25% of sequenced Gram-negative bacteria. When these bacteria come into contact with eukaryotic cells or prokaryotic microbes, the T6SS assembles and secretes associated effectors. In the porcine ExPEC strain PCN033, we identified four classic rearrangement hotspot (Rhs) genes. We determined the functions of the four Rhs proteins through mutant construction and protein expression. Animal infection experiments showed that the Δrhs-1CT, Δrhs-2CT, Δrhs-3CT, and Δrhs-4CT caused a significant decrease in the multiplication ability of PCN033 in vivo. Cell infection experiments showed that the Rhs protein is involved in anti-phagocytosis activities and bacterial adhesion and invasion abilities. The results of this study demonstrated that rhs1, rhs3, and rh4 plays an important role in the interaction between PCN033 and host cell. Rhs2 has contribution to cell and mice infection. This study helps to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism governing PCN033 and may help to establish a foundation for further research seeking to identify potential T6SS effectors.

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Molecular characterization of the integrative and conjugative elements harbouring multidrug resistance genes in Glaesserella parasuis
Yongliang Che, Renjie Wu, Hongjie Li, Longbai Wang, Xuemin Wu, Qiuyong Chen, Rujing Chen, Lunjiang Zhou
Veterinary Microbiology.2024; 291: 110014. CrossRef
Genome-wide identification of genes critical for in vivo fitness of multi-drug resistant porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli by transposon-directed insertion site sequencing usin
Fan Yin, Yan Hu, Zixuan Bu, Yuying Liu, Hui Zhang, Yawen Hu, Ying Xue, Shaowen Li, Chen Tan, Xiabing Chen, Lu Li, Rui Zhou, Qi Huang
Virulence.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Dual RNA-Seq of Flavobacterium psychrophilum and Its Outer Membrane Vesicles Distinguishes Genes Associated with Susceptibility to Bacterial Cold-Water Disease in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Pratima Chapagain, Ali Ali, Mohamed Salem
Pathogens.2023; 12(3): 436. CrossRef
Distribution and diversity of type VI secretion system clusters in Enterobacter bugandensis and Enterobacter cloacae
Amy J. G. Anderson, Becca Morrell, Guillermo Lopez Campos, Miguel A. Valvano
Microbial Genomics .2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Diversity of fungi associated with roots of Calanthe orchid species in Korea: Myung Soo Park , John A. Eimes , Sang Hoon Oh , Hwa Jung Suh , Seung-Yoon Oh , Seobihn Lee , Ki Hyeong Park , Hyuk Joon Kwon , Soo-Young Kim , Young Woon Lim; J. Microbiol. 2018;56(1):49-55. Published online January 4, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-7319-9

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Abstract

While symbiotic fungi play a key role in the growth of endangered Calanthe orchid species, the relationship between fungal diversity and Calanthe species remains unclear. Here, we surveyed root associated fungal diversity of six Calanthe orchid species by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using 454 pyrosequencing. Our results revealed that Paraboeremia and Coprinopsis are dominant fungal genera among Calanthe species. In terms of overall relative abundance, Paraboeremia was the most common fungal genus associated with Calanthe roots, followed by Coprinopsis. Overall fungal diversity showed a significant degree of variation depending on both location and Calanthe species. In terms of number of different fungal genera detected within Calanthe species, C. discolor had the most diverse fungal community, with 10 fungal genera detected. This study will contribute toward a better understanding of those fungi that are required for successful cultivation and conservation of Korean Calanthe species.

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Whole chloroplast genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Calanthe discolor (Orchidaceae)
Qiuping Liu, Qin Song, Yan Yu, Yiming Shi, Minghui Lu, Yan Chen, Leitao Tan
Mitochondrial DNA Part B.2024; 9(10): 1345. CrossRef
The rhizosphere microbiome and its influence on the accumulation of metabolites in Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f
Shiqing Li, Xiaomei Li, Yueyu Ye, Man Chen, Haimin Chen, Dongfeng Yang, Meiya Li, Fusheng Jiang, Xiaobo Zhang, Chunchun Zhang
BMC Plant Biology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Geographic location shapes fungal communities associated with Epidendrum roots
Tiphany Nkomo, Tanay Bose, Brenda D. Wingfield, Rosa Knoppersen, Ongeziwe Mbhele, Miguel Nemesio-Gorriz, Carlos A. Rodas, Christian Paetz, Cornelius T. Cilliers, Maria A. Ferreira, Almuth Hammerbacher
Mycological Progress.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and conservation of the genus Calanthe R. Br. (Orchidaceae)
Consolata Nanjala, Jing Ren, Fredrick Munyao Mutie, Emmanuel Nyongesa Waswa, Elizabeth Syowai Mutinda, Wyclif Ochieng Odago, Moses Mutuse Mutungi, Guang-Wan Hu
Journal of Ethnopharmacology.2022; 285: 114822. CrossRef
Current Insight into Traditional and Modern Methods in Fungal Diversity Estimates
Ajay Kumar Gautam, Rajnish Kumar Verma, Shubhi Avasthi, Sushma, Yogita Bohra, Bandarupalli Devadatha, Mekala Niranjan, Nakarin Suwannarach
Journal of Fungi.2022; 8(3): 226. CrossRef
Fungal diversity driven by bark features affects phorophyte preference in epiphytic orchids from southern China
Lorenzo Pecoraro, Hanne N. Rasmussen, Sofia I. F. Gomes, Xiao Wang, Vincent S. F. T. Merckx, Lei Cai, Finn N. Rasmussen
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Heavy metal tolerance of orchid populations growing on abandoned mine tailings: A case study in Sardinia Island (Italy)
Antonio De Agostini, Claudia Caltagirone, Alberto Caredda, Angela Cicatelli, Annalena Cogoni, Domenica Farci, Francesco Guarino, Alessandra Garau, Massimo Labra, Michele Lussu, Dario Piano, Cinzia Sanna, Nicola Tommasi, Andrea Vacca, Pierluigi Cortis
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety.2020; 189: 110018. CrossRef
GlobalFungi, a global database of fungal occurrences from high-throughput-sequencing metabarcoding studies
Tomáš Větrovský, Daniel Morais, Petr Kohout, Clémentine Lepinay, Camelia Algora, Sandra Awokunle Hollá, Barbara Doreen Bahnmann, Květa Bílohnědá, Vendula Brabcová, Federica D’Alò, Zander Rainier Human, Mayuko Jomura, Miroslav Kolařík, Jana Kvasničková, Sa
Scientific Data.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Fungal colonization associated with phenological stages of a photosynthetic terrestrial temperate orchid from the Southern Iberian Peninsula
Irene Herrera-Rus, Julio E. Pastor, Rocío Juan
Journal of Plant Research.2020; 133(6): 807. CrossRef

Comprehensive analysis of fungal diversity and enzyme activity in nuruk, a Korean fermenting starter, for acquiring useful fungi: Emily Carroll , Tran Ngoc Trinh , Hokyoung Son , Yin-Won Lee , Jeong-Ah Seo; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(5):357-365. Published online April 29, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-7114-z

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Abstract

Nuruk is a fermenting starter that is involved in the pro-duction of alcoholic beverages, and has been used in South Korea for a very long time. To analyze the fungal diversity, we collected a total of 59 nuruk samples from several com-panies and persons in 2013 to 2014, and obtained 364 iso-lates. All of the single isolated fungi were identified, both morphologically and molecularly, based on the sequences of ribosomal RNA gene [18S, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, and 26S (D1/D2 region)]. In 46 nuruk samples out of 59 (78%), Saccharo-mycopsis fibuligera, a dimorphic yeast, was most frequently isolated. Among the filamentous fungi, Aspergillus and Lich-theimia were found in more than 50% of the samples with lower colony forming unit (CFU/g of sample) than those of yeasts. The yeasts S. fibuligera and Wickerhamomyces ano-malus were counted with maximum 1.3 – 1.8 × 108 CFU/g. Among Mucorales fungi, Lichtheimia and Mucor were iso-lated in much higher numbers than Rhizopus and Rhizo-mucor. Overall, the home-made nuruks tend to contain more diverse filamentous fungi than the commercial nuruks. To acquire industrially useful filamentous fungi and yeasts, we analyzed the enzyme activities of α-amylase, glucoamylase and acid protease associated with brewing properties for 131 strains. Aspergillus oryzae and S. fibuligera had high α- and glucoamylase activities and most isolates of Lichtheimia ramosa had high acid protease activity. For further applica-tions, 27 fungal strains were chosen based on isolation fre-quencies from nuruk, and the ability to produce useful en-zyme.

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Assessment of Soil Fungal Communities Using Pyrosequencing: Young Woon Lim , Byung Kwon Kim , Changmu Kim , Hack Sung Jung , Bong-Soo Kim , Jae-Hak Lee , Jongsik Chun; J. Microbiol. 2010;48(3):284-289. Published online June 23, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-9369-5

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Abstract: Pyrosequencing, a non-electrophoretic method of DNA sequencing, was used to investigate the extensive fungal community in soils of three islands in the Yellow Sea of Korea, between Korea and China. Pyrosequencing was carried out on amplicons derived from the 5′ region of 18S rDNA. A total of 10,166 reads were obtained, with an average length of 103 bp. The maximum number of fungal phylotypes in soil predicted at 99% similarity was 3,334. The maximum numbers of phylotypes predicted at 97% and 95% similarities were 736 and 286, respectively. Through phylogenetic assignment using BLASTN, a total of 372 tentative taxa were identified. The majority of true fungal sequences recovered in this study belonged to the Ascomycota (182 tentative taxa in 2,708 reads) and Basidiomycota (172 tentative taxa in 6,837 reads). The predominant species of Ascomycota detected have been described as lichen-forming fungi, litter/wood decomposers, plant parasites, endophytes, and saprotrophs: Peltigera neopolydactyla (Lecanoromycetes), Paecilomyces sp. (Sordariomycetes), Phacopsis huuskonenii (Lecanoromycetes), and Raffaelea hennebertii (mitosporic Ascomycota). The majority of sequences in the Basidiomycota matched ectomycorrhizal and wood rotting fungi, including species of the Agaricales and Aphyllophorales, respectively. A high number of sequences in the Thelephorales, Boletales, Stereales, Hymenochaetales, and Ceratobasidiomycetes were also detected. By applying high-throughput pyrosequencing, we observed a high diversity of soil fungi and found evidence that pyrosequencing is a reliable technique for investigating fungal communities in soils.

Journal Article

Characterization of Cultivated Fungi Isolated from Grape Marc Wastes Through the Use of Amplified rDNA Restriction Analysis and Sequencing: Spyridon Ntougias , Nektarios Kavroulakis , Kalliope K. Papadopoulou , Constantinos Ehaliotis , Georgios I. Zervakis; J. Microbiol. 2010;48(3):297-306. Published online June 23, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-9193-y

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Abstract: Microbial assessment of grape marc wastes, the residual solid by-product of the wine-industry, was performed by identifying phylogenetically the fungal culturable diversity in order to evaluate environmental and disposal safety issues and to discuss ecological considerations of applications on agricultural land. Fungal spores in grape marc were estimated to 4.7×106 per g dry weight. Fifty six fungal isolates were classified into eight operational taxonomic units (OTUs) following amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and colony morphology. Based on 18S rRNA gene and 5.8S rRNA gene-ITS sequencing, the isolates representing OTUs #1, #2, #3, and #4, which comprised 44.6%, 26.8%, 12.5%, and 5.3%, respectively, of the number of the total isolates, were identified as Aspergillus fumigatus, Bionectria ochroleuca, Haematonectria haematococca, and Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans. The isolates of OTU#5 demonstrated high phylogenetic affinity with Penicillium spp., while members of OTUs #6 and #7 were closer linked with Geotrichum candidum var. citri-aurantii and Mycocladus corymbifer, respectively (95.4 and 97.9% similarities in respect to their 5.8S rRNA gene-ITS sequences). The OTU#8 with a single isolate was related with Aspergillus strains. It appears that most of the fungal isolates are associated with the initial raw material. Despite the fact that some of the species identified may potentially act as pathogens, measures such as the avoidance of maintaining large and unprocessed quantities of grape marc wastes in premises without adequate aeration, together with its suitable biological treatment (e.g., composting) prior to any agriculture-related application, could eliminate any pertinent health risks.

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