Review
- REVIEW] All about that fat: Lipid modification of proteins in Cryptococcus neoformans
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Felipe H. Santiago-Tirado , Tamara L. Doering
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J. Microbiol. 2016;54(3):212-222. Published online February 27, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-5626-6
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Abstract
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Lipid modification of proteins is a widespread, essential process
whereby fatty acids, cholesterol, isoprenoids, phospholipids,
or glycosylphospholipids are attached to polypeptides.
These hydrophobic groups may affect protein structure, function,
localization, and/or stability; as a consequence such modifications
play critical regulatory roles in cellular systems.
Recent advances in chemical biology and proteomics have
allowed the profiling of modified proteins, enabling dissection
of the functional consequences of lipid addition. The
enzymes that mediate lipid modification are specific for both
the lipid and protein substrates, and are conserved from fungi
to humans. In this article we review these enzymes, their substrates,
and the processes involved in eukaryotic lipid modification
of proteins. We further focus on its occurrence in
the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans, highlighting
unique features that are both relevant for the biology of the
organism and potentially important in the search for new
therapies.
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Citations
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Cell-Surface Expression of Aspergillus saitoi-Derived Functional α-1,2-Mannosidase on Yarrowia lipolytica for Glycan Remodeling
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Hye Yun Moon , Trinh Luu Van , Seon Ah Cheon , Jinho Choo , Jeong-Yoon Kim , Hyun Ah Kang
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J. Microbiol. 2013;51(4):506-514. Published online August 30, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-013-3344-x
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Abstract
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Expression of proteins on the surface of yeast has a wide range of applications, such as development of live vaccines, screening of antibody libraries, and use as whole-cell biocatalysts. The hemiascomycetes yeast Yarrowia lipolytica has been raised as a potential host for heterologous expression of recombinant proteins. In this study, we report the expression of Aspergillus saitoi α-1,2-mannosidase, encoded by the msdS gene, on the cell surface of Y. lipolytica. As the first step to achieve the secretory expression of msdS protein, four different signal sequences-derived from the endogenous Y. lipolytica Lip2 and Xpr2 prepro regions and the heterologous A. niger α-amylase and rice α-amylase signal sequences-were analyzed for their secretion efficiency. It was shown that the YlLip2 prepro sequence was most efficient in directing the secretory expression of msdS in fully N-glycosylated forms. The surface display of msdS was subsequently directed by fusing GPI anchoring motifs derived from Y. lipolytica cell wall proteins, YlCwp1p and YlYwp1p, respectively, to the C-terminus of the Lip2 prepro-msdS protein. The expression of actively functional msdS protein on the cell surface was confirmed by western blot, flow cytometry analysis, along with the α-1,2-mannosidase activity assay using intact Y. lipolytica cells as the enzyme source. Furthermore, the glycoengineered Y. lipolytica Δoch1Δmpo1 strains displaying α-1,2-mannosidase were able to convert Man8GlcNAc2 to Man5GlcNAc2 efficiently on their cell-wall mannoproteins, demonstrating its potential used for glycoengineering in vitro or in vivo.
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