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Application of Microbiome‑Based Therapies in Chronic Respiratory Diseases
Se Hee Lee, Jang Ho Lee, Sei Won Lee
J. Microbiol. 2024;62(3):201-216.   Published online April 18, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00124-1
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AbstractAbstract
The application of microbiome-based therapies in various areas of human disease has recently increased. In chronic respiratory disease, microbiome-based clinical applications are considered compelling options due to the limitations of current treatments. The lung microbiome is ecologically dynamic and afected by various conditions, and dysbiosis is associated with disease severity, exacerbation, and phenotype as well as with chronic respiratory disease endotype. However, it is not easy to directly modulate the lung microbiome. Additionally, studies have shown that chronic respiratory diseases can be improved by modulating gut microbiome and administrating metabolites. Although the composition, diversity, and abundance of the microbiome between the gut and lung are considerably diferent, modulation of the gut microbiome could improve lung dysbiosis. The gut microbiome infuences that of the lung via bacterial-derived components and metabolic degradation products, including short-chain fatty acids. This phenomenon might be associated with the cross-talk between the gut microbiome and lung, called gut-lung axis. There are multiple alternatives to modulate the gut microbiome, such as prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics ingestion and fecal material transplantation. Several studies have shown that high-fber diets, for example, present benefcial efects through the production of short-chain fatty acids. Additionally, genetically modifed probiotics to secrete some benefcial molecules might also be utilized to treat chronic respiratory diseases. Further studies on microbial modulation to regulate immunity and potentiate conventional pharmacotherapy will improve microbiome modulation techniques, which will develop as a new therapeutic area in chronic respiratory diseases.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Bacteria and Allergic Diseases
    Svetlana V. Guryanova
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(19): 10298.     CrossRef
  • The emerging roles of microbiome and short-chain fatty acids in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    Yuan Gao, Kaixuan Wang, Zupan Lin, Shujing Cai, Aohui Peng, Le He, Hui Qi, Zhigang Jin, Xubo Qian
    Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Host-Associated Microbiome
    Woo Jun Sul
    Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(3): 135.     CrossRef

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