Journal of Microbiology

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Negative regulation of the acsA1 gene encoding the major acetyl-CoA synthetase by cAMP receptor protein in Mycobacterium smegmatis: Eon-Min Ko , Yuna Oh , Jeong-Il Oh; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(12):1139-1152. Published online October 24, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2347-x

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Acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) is the enzyme that irreversibly catalyzes the synthesis of acetyl-CoA from acetate, CoA-SH, and ATP via acetyl-AMP as an intermediate. In this study, we demonstrated that AcsA1 (MSMEG_6179) is the predominantly expressed ACS among four ACSs (MSMEG_6179, MSMEG_0718, MSMEG_3986, and MSMEG_5650) found in Mycobacterium smegmatis and that a deletion mutation of acsA1 in M. smegmatis led to its compromised growth on acetate as the sole carbon source. Expression of acsA1 was demonstrated to be induced during growth on acetate as the sole carbon source. The acsA1 gene was shown to be negatively regulated by Crp1 (MSMEG_6189) that is the major cAMP receptor protein (CRP) in M. smegmatis. Using DNase I footprinting analysis and site-directed mutagenesis, a CRPbinding site (GGTGA-N6-TCACA) was identified in the upstream regulatory region of acsA1, which is important for repression of acsA1 expression. We also demonstrated that inhibition of the respiratory electron transport chain by inactivation of the major terminal oxidase, aa3 cytochrome c oxidase, led to a decrease in acsA1 expression probably through the activation of CRP. In conclusion, AcsA1 is the major ACS in M. smegmatis and its gene is under the negative regulation of Crp1, which contributes to some extent to the induction of acsA1 expression under acetate conditions. The growth of M. smegmatis is severely impaired on acetate as the sole carbon source under respiration-inhibitory conditions.

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Inhibitory activity and antioomycete mechanism of citral against Phytophthora capsici
Kaidi Cui, Yinan Wang, Mengke Wang, Te Zhao, Fulong Zhang, Leiming He, Lin Zhou
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology.2024; 204: 106067. CrossRef
Mycobacterial Regulatory Systems Involved in the Regulation of Gene Expression Under Respiration-Inhibitory Conditions
Yuna Oh, Ha-Na Lee, Eon-Min Ko, Ji-A Jeong, Sae Woong Park, Jeong-Il Oh
Journal of Microbiology.2023; 61(3): 297. CrossRef

Oxidative stress response of Deinococcus geothermalis via a cystine importer: Minwook Kim , Sunwook Jeong , Sangyong Lim , Jeonggu Sim , Ho-Gun Rhie , Sung-Jae Lee; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(2):137-146. Published online January 26, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-6382-y

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Abstract

A cystine-dependent anti-oxidative stress response is characterized in Deinococcus geothermalis for the first time. Nevertheless, the same transcriptional directed Δdgeo_1985F mutant strain was revealed to have an identical phenotype to the wild-type strain, while the reverse transcriptional directed Δdgeo_1985R mutant strain was more resistant to oxidative stress at a certain concentration of H2O2 than the wild-type strain. The wild-type and mutant strains expressed equal levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase under H2O2-induced stress. Although the expression levels of the general DNAdamage response-related genes recA, pprA, ddrA, and ddrB were up-regulated by more than five-fold in the wild-type strain relative to the Δdgeo_1985R mutant strain, the mutant strain had a higher survival rate than the wild-type under H2O2 stress. The Δdgeo_1985R mutant strain highly expressed a cystine-transporter gene (dgeo_1986), at levels 150-fold higher than the wild-type strain, leading to the conclusion that this cystine transporter might be involved in the defensive response to H2O2 stress. In this study, the cystine transporter was identified and characterized through membrane protein expression analysis, a cystine-binding assay, and assays of intracellular H2O2, cysteine, and thiol levels. The genedisrupted mutant strain of the cystine importer revealed high sensitivity to H2O2 and less absorbed cystine, resulting in low concentrations of total thiol. Thus, the absorbed cystine via this cystine-specific importer may be converted into cysteine, which acts as a primitive defense substrate that non-enzymatically scavenges oxidative stress agents in D. geothermalis.

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The Mechanism of Zinc Oxide in Alleviating Diarrhea in Piglets after Weaning: A Review from the Perspective of Intestinal Barrier Function
Xiaopeng Tang, Kangning Xiong, Yan Zeng, Rejun Fang
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(18): 10040. CrossRef
The Transposition of Insertion Sequences in Sigma-Factor- and LysR-Deficient Mutants of Deinococcus geothermalis
Ji Hyun Park, Sohee Lee, Eunjung Shin, Sama Abdi Nansa, Sung-Jae Lee
Microorganisms.2024; 12(2): 328. CrossRef
Transposition of insertion sequences by dielectric barrier discharge plasma and gamma irradiation in the radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis
Qianying Ye, Eunjung Shin, Chanjae Lee, Nakjun Choi, Yeonho Kim, Ki Sun Yoon, Sung-Jae Lee
Journal of Microbiological Methods.2022; 196: 106473. CrossRef
Proteomic profiling of Deinococcus radiodurans with response to thioredoxin reductase inhibitor and ionizing radiation treatment
Sudharsan M, Rajendra Prasad N, Anindita Chakraborty, Saravanan Rajendrasozhan
Journal of Proteomics.2022; 267: 104697. CrossRef
Influence of Redox Imbalances on the Transposition of Insertion Sequences in Deinococcus geothermalis
Qianying Ye, Chanjae Lee, Eunjung Shin, Sung-Jae Lee
Antioxidants.2021; 10(10): 1623. CrossRef
Active Transposition of Insertion Sequences by Oxidative Stress in Deinococcus geothermalis
Chanjae Lee, Kyungsil Choo, Sung-Jae Lee
Frontiers in Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Oxidative stress-mediated genotoxic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on Deinococcus radiodurans
Ragini Singh, Shuang Cheng, Sanjay Singh
3 Biotech.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Redox potential change by the cystine importer affected on enzymatic antioxidant protection in Deinococcus geothermalis
Kyungsil Choo, Minwook Kim, Sama Abdi Nansa, Min K. Bae, Chanjae Lee, Sung-Jae Lee
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.2020; 113(6): 779. CrossRef
Transposition of Insertion Sequences was Triggered by Oxidative Stress in Radiation-Resistant Bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis
Chanjae Lee, Nakjun Choi, Min K. Bae, Kyungsil Choo, Sung-Jae Lee
Microorganisms.2019; 7(10): 446. CrossRef
Conservation and diversity of radiation and oxidative stress resistance mechanisms inDeinococcusspecies
Sangyong Lim, Jong-Hyun Jung, Laurence Blanchard, Arjan de Groot
FEMS Microbiology Reviews.2019; 43(1): 19. CrossRef
Metabolic Alternations of Amino Acids, γ-Aminobutyric Acid, and Salicylic Acid in Solanum lycopersicum (L.) Following Preplanting Seedling Spray with Salicylic Acid
Hari C. Meher, Ghanendra Singh, Gautam Chawla
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.2018; 66(46): 12236. CrossRef

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Induction of IL-8 in Periodontal Ligament Cells by H2O2: Yang-Sin Lee , Eun Jung Bak , Minyoung Kim , Wonse Park , Jeong Taeg Seo , Yun-Jung Yoo; J. Microbiol. 2008;46(5):579-584. Published online October 31, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0182-3

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Abstract: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by bacteria. In periodontitis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are released from inflammatory cells in response to bacteria. Interleukin (IL)-8 is one of pro-inflammatory cytokines. To investigate the role of ROS in pathogenesis of periodontitis, we estimated the effect of H2O2, one of ROS, on the expression of IL-8 in human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. PDL cells were treated with H2O2. IL-8 expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) and c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) was estimated by Western blotting. Treatment with H2O2 at concentration of up to 250 μM increased IL-8 mRNA expression and production in a concentration-dependent manner. However, treatment with 500 μM H2O2 did not increase IL-8 production. Catalase, an inhibitor of H2O2, down-regulated the production of IL-8 induced by H2O2. H2O2 increased the phosphorylation of ERK, p38, and JNK. Pretreatment with PD98059 (ERK inhibitor), SB203580 (p38 inhibitor), or SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) decreased the IL-8 production induced by H2O2. These results indicate that H2O2 acts as an inducer of IL-8 secretion via activation of ERK, p38, and JNK in PDL cells. H2O2 deposited in periodontal tissue during inflammation against bacteria may accelerate tissue destruction via induction of IL-8 in PDL cells.

Analysis of the Dual Promoters and the H 2 O 2 -responsive Element of the catA Gene Encoding Catalase A in Streptomyces coelicolor: You-Hee Cho , Ji-Sook Hahn , Jung-Hye Roe; J. Microbiol. 2000;38(4):239-244.

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Abstract: The catA gene encodes the major catalase in Streptomyces coelicolor, whose production increases upon H_2O_2 treatment. Besides the previously identified primary promoter (catAp1), a minor promoter (catAp2) was newly assigned by S1 nuclease mapping. The catAp2 transcript was observed transiently upon entry into the stationary phase in liquid culture and upon differentiation on solid plates, whereas the level of catAp1 transcription did not change significantly during this growth transition. The catAp1 promoter was transcribed by the major vegetative RNA polymerase holoenzyme containing [sigma]^HrdB , whereas the catAp2 was transcribed in vitro by the holoenzyme containing [sigma]^R that is activated under oxidative conditions. The cis-element regulating the H_2 O_2 -inducibility of catAp1 was identified within the 23 bp inverted repeat sequence located between -65 and -43 of the catAp1 promoter. We named this sequence HRE (H_2O_2 -responsive element). The distal half of the inverted repeat was more crucial for H_2 O_2 ?pendent induction of the catAp1 transcript than the proximal half. HRE most likely serves as a binding site for the H_2 O_2 -responsive repressor CatR.

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