Journal of Microbiology

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Deletion of IRC19 Causes Defects in DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Ju-Hee Choi, Oyungoo Bayarmagnai, Sung-Ho Bae; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(9):749-758. Published online July 12, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00152-x

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Abstract: DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is a fundamental cellular process crucial for maintaining genome stability, with homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining as the primary mechanisms, and various alternative pathways such as single-strand annealing (SSA) and microhomology-mediated end joining also playing significant roles under specific conditions. IRC genes were previously identified as part of a group of genes associated with increased levels of Rad52 foci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study, we investigated the effects of IRC gene mutations on DSB repair, focusing on uncharacterized IRC10, 19, 21, 22, 23, and 24. Gene conversion (GC) assay revealed that irc10Δ, 22Δ, 23Δ, and 24Δ mutants displayed modest increases in GC frequencies, while irc19Δ and irc21Δ mutants exhibited significant reductions. Further investigation revealed that deletion mutations in URA3 were not generated in irc19Δ mutant cells following HO-induced DSBs. Additionally, irc19Δ significantly reduced frequency of SSA, and a synergistic interaction between irc19Δ and rad52Δ was observed in DSB repair via SSA. Assays to determine the choice of DSB repair pathways indicated that Irc19 is necessary for generating both GC and deletion products. Overall, these results suggest a potential role of Irc19 in DSB repair pathways, particularly in end resection process.

Development of a Novel Korean H9‑Specific rRT‑PCR Assay and Its Application for Avian Influenza Virus Surveillance in Korea: Mingeun Sagong , Yong-Myung Kang , Na Yeong Kim , Eun Bi Noh , Gyeong-Beom Heo , Se-Hee An , Youn-Jeong Lee , Young Ki Choi , Kwang-Nyeong Lee; J. Microbiol. 2023;61(10):929-936. Published online November 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00088-8

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Since the 2000s, the Y439 lineage of H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) has been the predominant strain circulating in poultry in Korea; however, in 2020, the Y280 lineage emerged and spread rapidly nationwide, causing large economic losses. To prevent further spread and circulation of such viruses, rapid detection and diagnosis through active surveillance programs are crucial. Here, we developed a novel H9 rRT-PCR assay that can detect a broad range of H9Nx viruses in situations in which multiple lineages of H9 AIVs are co-circulating. We then evaluated its efficacy using a large number of clinical samples. The assay, named the Uni Kor-H9 assay, showed high sensitivity for Y280 lineage viruses, as well as for the Y439 lineage originating in Korean poultry and wild birds. In addition, the assay showed no cross-reactivity with other subtypes of AIV or other avian pathogens. Furthermore, the Uni Kor-H9 assay was more sensitive, and had higher detection rates, than reference H9 rRT-PCR methods when tested against a panel of domestically isolated H9 AIVs. In conclusion, the novel Uni Kor-H9 assay enables more rapid and efficient diagnosis than the “traditional” method of virus isolation followed by subtyping RT-PCR. Application of the new H9 rRT-PCR assay to AI active surveillance programs will help to control and manage Korean H9 AIVs more efficiently.

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Development and evaluation of a multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of H5, H7, and H9 subtype avian influenza viruses
Se-Hee An, Na-Yeong Kim, Gyeong-Beom Heo, Yong-Myung Kang, Youn-Jeong Lee, Kwang-Nyeong Lee
Journal of Virological Methods.2024; 327: 114942. CrossRef

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