Journal of Microbiology

Journal Article

Upgrading Isoquercitrin Concentration via Submerge Fermentation of Mulberry Fruit Extract with Edible Probiotics to Suppress Gene Targets for Controlling Kidney Cancer and Inflammation: Md Rezaul Karim, Safia Iqbal, Shahnawaz Mohammad, Jong-Hoon Kim, Li Ling, Changbao Chen, Abdus Samad, Md Anwarul Haque, Deok-Chun Yang, Yeon Ju Kim, Dong Uk Yang; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(10):919-927. Published online October 8, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00163-8

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In recent years, kidney cancer has become one of the most serious medical issues. Kidney cancer is treated with a variety of active compounds that trigger genes that cause cancer. We identified in our earlier research that isoquercitrin (IQ) can activate PIK3CA, IGF1R, and PTGS2. However, it has a very low bioavailability because of its lower solubility in water. So, we utilized sub-merge fermentation technology with two well-known probiotics, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis, as a microbial source and mulberry fruit extract as a substrate, which has a high IQ level to improve IQ yield. Furthermore, we compared the total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant contents of fermented and non-fermented samples, and we found that the fermented samples had greater levels than non-fermented sample. In addition, the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results showed that the fermented mulberry fruit extract from B. subtilis and L. acidophilus showed higher IQ values (190.73 ± 0.004 μg/ml and 220.54 ± 0.007 μg/ml, respectively), compared to the non-fermented samples, which had IQ values (80.12 ± 0.002 μg/ml). Additionally, at 62.5 µg/ml doses of each sample, a normal kidney cell line (HEK 293) showed higher cell viability for fermented and non-fermented samples. Conversely, at the same doses, the fermented samples of L. acidophilus and B. subtilis in a kidney cancer cell line (A498) showed an inhibition of cell growth around 36% and 31%, respectively. Finally, we performed RT and qRT PCR assay, and we found a significant reduction in the expression of the PTGS2, PIK3CA, and IGF1R genes. We therefore can conclude that the fermented samples have a higher concentration of isoquercitrin, and also can inhibit the expression of the genes PTGS2, PIK3CA, and IGF1R, which in turn regulates kidney cancer and inflammation.

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Recent research on the bioactivity of polyphenols derived from edible fungi and their potential in chronic disease prevention
Wenbin Yu, Yufei Zhang, Yi Lu, Zhiwei Ouyang, Jiahua Peng, Yayi Tu, Bin He
Journal of Functional Foods.2025; 124: 106627. CrossRef

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Antibacterial potential of a small peptide from Bacillus sp. RPT-0001 and its capping for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Supriya Deepak Patil , Rajnikant Sharma , Tapas Bhattacharyya , Piyush Kumar , Manasi Gupta , Bhupinder Singh Chaddha , Naveen Kumar Navani , Ranjana Pathania; J. Microbiol. 2015;53(9):643-652. Published online August 1, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-4686-3

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Abstract

Infirmity and death from diseases caused by unsafe food are a continual hazard to communal health safety and socio-economic growth throughout the world. Chemical preservatives are associated with health hazards and toxicity issues. In the study reported here, 200 soil isolates from Western Himalayan region in India were screened for potential antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogens. This study led to the isolation of a bacterial strain belonging to the Genus Bacillus and was designated as RPT-0001. The associated antibacterial activity was sensitive to pronase E treatment. Bioassay-guided fractionation using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) led to isolation of the antibacterial peptide designated as RPT-0001. The molecular weight of RPT-0001 was determined by electro- spray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) as 276.9 Da. RPT-0001 was inhibitory to both Gram-negative and Grampositive food-borne bacteria tested. The characteristics of RPT-0001 do not match with that of any other known antibacterial peptides produced by Bacillus sp. or related genera. Purified RPT-0001 was successfully used in synthesis of silver nanoparticles effective against food-borne pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial peptide and silver nanoparticles synthesized utilizing it as a capping and reducing agent hold promising potential in food preservation, in packaging material and as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of foodborne infections.

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Journal Article

Spectral characterization of a pteridine derivative from cyanide-utilizing bacterium Bacillus subtilis - JN989651: S. Durairaju Nisshanthini , Antony K. Teresa Infanta S. , Duraisamy Senthil Raja , Karuppannan Natarajan , M. Palaniswamy , Jayaraman Angayarkanni; J. Microbiol. 2015;53(4):262-271. Published online March 4, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-4138-0

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Abstract

Soil and water samples were collected from various regions of SIPCOT and nearby Vanappadi Lake, Ranipet, Tamilnadu, India. Based on their colony morphology and their stability during subculturing, 72 bacteria were isolated, of which 14 isolates were actinomycetes. Preliminary selection was carried out to exploit the ability of the microorganisms to utilize sodium cyanate as nitrogen source. Those organisms that were able to utilize cyanate were subjected to secondary screening viz., utilization of sodium cyanide as the nitrogen source. The oxygenolytic cleavage of cyanide is dependent on cyanide monooxygenase which obligately requires pterin cofactor for its activity. Based on this, the organisms capable of utilizing sodium cyanide were tested for the presence of pterin. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) of the cell extracts using n-butanol: 5 N glacial acetic acid (4:1) revealed that 10 out of 12 organisms that were able to utilize cyanide had the pterin-related blue fluorescent compound in the cell extract. The cell extracts of these 10 organisms were subjected to high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) for further confirmation using a pterin standard. Based on the incubation period, cell biomass yield, peak height and area, strain VPW3 was selected and was identified as Bacillus subtilis. The Rf value of the cell extract was 0.73 which was consistent with the 0.74 Rf value of the pterin standard when scanned at 254 nm. The compound was extracted and purified by preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Characterization of the compound was performed by ultraviolet spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The compound is proposed to be 6-propionyl pterin (2-amino-6- propionyl-3H-pteridin-4-one).

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Murugesan Thandeeswaran, Sajitha Bijukumar, Mani Arulkumar, Ramasamy Mahendran, Muthusamy Palaniswamy, Jayaraman Angayarkanni
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