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- Arctic lichen Cladonia borealis-induced cell death is mediated by p53-independent activation of Caspase-9 and PARP-1 signaling in human colorectal cancer cell lines
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Ju-Mi Hong, Seul Ki Min, Kyung Hee Kim, Se Jong Han, Joung Han Yim, Sojin Kim, Youn-Jung Kim, Il-Chan Kim
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J. Microbiol. 2025;63(4):e2412012. Published online April 29, 2025
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.71150/jm.2412012
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Abstract
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The anti-cancer effects of Cladonia borealis (an Arctic lichen) methanol extract (CBME) on human colon carcinoma HCT116 cells were investigated for the first time. The proliferation of the HCT116 cells treated with CBME significantly decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry results indicated that treatment with CBME resulted in significant apoptosis in the HCT116 cells. Furthermore, immunoblotting and qRT-PCR results revealed the expression of apoptosis-related marker genes and indicated a significant downregulation of the apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma expression and upregulation of the cleaved form of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase as DNA repair and apoptosis regulators and central tumor suppressor p53. Therefore, CBME significantly inhibited cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in colon carcinoma cells. Collectively, these data suggested that CBME contained one or more compounds with anti-cancer effects and could be a potential therapeutic agent. Further studies are required to identify candidate compounds and understand the mechanism of action of CBME.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts
- Identification of Proteolytic Bacteria from the Arctic Chukchi Sea Expedition Cruise and Characterization of Cold-active Proteases
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Ha Ju Park , Yung Mi Lee , Sunghui Kim , Ah Ram Wi , Se Jong Han , Han-Woo Kim , Il-Chan Kim , Joung Han Yim , Dockyu Kim
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J. Microbiol. 2014;52(10):825-833. Published online August 27, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-4226-6
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58
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Abstract
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Following collection of seawater samples during an Arctic
Chukchi Sea expedition cruise of the Korean icebreaker
Araon in 2012, a total of 15,696 bacteria were randomly isolated
from Marine Broth 2216 agar plates. Of these, 2,526
(16%) showed proteolytic activity and were identified as
mainly Alteromonas (31%), Staphylococcus (27%), and Pseudoalteromonas
(14%). Among the proteolytic strains, seven
were selected based on their significant ability to grow and
produce a halo on skim milk plates at low temperatures
(<5°C) owing to cold-active proteases. These strains were
affiliated with the genus Pseudoalteromonas and were divided
into three groups based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16S
rRNA genes. Profiling cell membrane fatty acids confirmed
the 16S rRNA-based differentiation and revealed the accordance
between the two analyses. Seven genes for serine protease
precursors were amplified from the corresponding
strains, and based on sequence similarities, these genes were
divided into three groups that were identical to those identified
by the 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis. Three protease
genes from the representative strains of each group
were composed of 2,127–2,130 bp, encoding 708–709 amino
acids, and these genes yielded products with calculated molecular
weights of approximately 72.3–72.8 kDa. Amino acid
sequence analysis suggested that the precursors are members
of the subtilase serine endo- and exo-peptidase clan and contain
four domains (signal peptide, N-terminal prosequence,
catalytic domain, and two pre-peptidase C-terminal domains).
Upon expression in E. coli, each recombinant protease exhibited
proteolytic activity on zymogram gels.
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Matthias Wietz, Anja Engel, Simon Ramondenc, Matomo Niwano, Wilken‐Jon von Appen, Taylor Priest, Anabel von Jackowski, Katja Metfies, Christina Bienhold, Antje Boetius
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Applied and Environmental Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Benthic bacteria and archaea in the North American Arctic reflect food supply regimes and impacts of coastal and riverine inputs
Alexis M. Walker, Mary Beth Leigh, Sarah L. Mincks
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Zhengfeng Yang, Zhendi Huang, Qian Wu, Xianghua Tang, Zunxi Huang
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(10): 8532. CrossRef - Description of Polaribacter batillariae sp. nov., Polaribacter cellanae sp. nov., and Polaribacter pectinis sp. nov., novel bacteria isolated from the gut of three types of South Korean shellfish
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Journal of Microbiology.2022; 60(6): 576. CrossRef - Proteases from the marine bacteria in the genus Pseudoalteromonas: diversity, characteristics, ecological roles, and application potentials
Xiu-Lan Chen, Yan Wang, Peng Wang, Yu-Zhong Zhang
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Shengwei Hou, Mario López-Pérez, Ulrike Pfreundt, Natalia Belkin, Kurt Stüber, Bruno Huettel, Richard Reinhardt, Ilana Berman-Frank, Francisco Rodriguez-Valera, Wolfgang R Hess
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- Diversity of Cold-Active Protease-Producing Bacteria from Arctic Terrestrial and Marine Environments Revealed by Enrichment Culture
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Eun Hye Kim , Kyeung Hee Cho , Yung Mi Lee , Joung Han Yim , Hong Kum Lee , Jang-Cheon Cho , Soon Gyu Hong
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J. Microbiol. 2010;48(4):426-432. Published online August 20, 2010
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-0015-z
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49
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Abstract
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A new approach for enrichment culture was applied to obtain cold-active protease-producing bacteria for marine and terrestrial samples from Svalbard, Norway. The method was developed for the enrichment of bacteria by long-term incubation at low temperatures in semi-solid agar medium containing meat pieces as the main source of carbon and energy. ZoBell and 0.1× nutrient broth were added for marine and terrestrial microorganisms, respectively, to supply basal elements for growth. One to three types of colonies were observed from each enrichment culture, indicating that specific bacterial species were enriched during the experimental conditions. Among 89 bacterial isolates, protease activity was observed from 48 isolates in the screening media containing skim milk. Good growth was observed at 4°C and 10°C while none of the isolates could grow at 37°C. At low temperatures, enzyme activity was equal to or higher than activity at higher temperatures. Bacterial isolates were included in the genera Pseudoalteromonas (33 isolates), Arthrobacter (24 isolates), Pseudomonas (16 isolates), Psychrobacter (6 isolates), Sphingobacterium (6 isolates), Flavobacterium (2 isolates), Sporosarcina (1 isolate), and Stenotrophomonas (1 isolate). Protease activity was observed from Pseudoalteromonas (33 isolates), Pseudomonas (10 isolates), Arthrobacter (4 isolates), and Flavobacterium (1 isolate).
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Cold-Adapted Proteases: An Efficient and Energy-Saving Biocatalyst
Zhengfeng Yang, Zhendi Huang, Qian Wu, Xianghua Tang, Zunxi Huang
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Å.Ø. Pedersen, P. Convey, K.K. Newsham, J.B. Mosbacher, E. Fuglei, V. Ravolainen, B.B. Hansen, T.C. Jensen, A. Augusti, E.M. Biersma, E.J. Cooper, S.J. Coulson, G.W. Gabrielsen, J.C. Gallet, U. Karsten, S.M. Kristiansen, M.M. Svenning, A.T. Tveit, M. Uchi
Polar Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - An Updated review on production of food derived bioactive peptides; focus on the psychrotrophic bacterial proteases
Hossein Ahangari, Parivar Yazdani, Vida Ebrahimi, Saiedeh Razi Soofiyani, Robab Azargun, Vahideh Tarhriz, Shirin Eyvazi
Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology.2021; 35: 102051. CrossRef - Proteases from the marine bacteria in the genus Pseudoalteromonas: diversity, characteristics, ecological roles, and application potentials
Xiu-Lan Chen, Yan Wang, Peng Wang, Yu-Zhong Zhang
Marine Life Science & Technology.2020; 2(4): 309. CrossRef - DISCOVERY OF COLD-ACTIVE PROTEASE FROM PSYCHROPHILIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM ANTARCTIC REGION FOR BIO-PROSPECTING
MUHAMMAD ASYRAF ABD LATIP, SITI AISYAH ALIAS, SMYKLA JERZY, FARIDAH YUSOF, MOHD AZRUL NAIM MOHAMAD, NOOR FAIZUL HADRY NORDIN
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Kattia Núñez-Montero, Damián Quezada-Solís, Zeinab Khalil, Robert Capon, Fernando Andreote, Leticia Barrientos
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Yang Zou, Johan Robbens, Marc Heyndrickx, Jane Debode, Katleen Raes
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Junaid Furhan
Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology.2020; 18(1): 36. CrossRef - Culture-Dependent and -Independent Analyses Reveal the Diversity, Structure, and Assembly Mechanism of Benthic Bacterial Community in the Ross Sea, Antarctica
An-Zhang Li, Xi-Bin Han, Ming-Xia Zhang, Yang Zhou, Meng Chen, Qing Yao, Hong-Hui Zhu
Frontiers in Microbiology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - Analysis of the bacterial community from high alkaline (pH > 13) drainage water at a brown mud disposal site near Žiar nad Hronom (Banská Bystrica region, Slovakia) using 454 pyrosequencing
Jana Kisková, Zuzana Stramová, Peter Javorský, Jana Sedláková-Kaduková, Peter Pristaš
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Ceren Daskaya-Dikmen, Funda Karbancioglu-Guler, Beraat Ozcelik
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International Immunopharmacology.2018; 60: 84. CrossRef - Advances in Antarctic Research for Antimicrobial Discovery: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Bacteria from Antarctic Environments as Potential Sources of Novel Antibiotic Compounds Against Human Pathogens and Microorganisms of Industrial Importance
Kattia Núñez-Montero, Leticia Barrientos
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Yung Mi Lee, GoHeung Kim, You-Jung Jung, Cheng-Dae Choe, Joung Han Yim, Hong Kum Lee, Soon Gyu Hong
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- Mutant Selection of Hahella chejuensis KCTC 2396 and Statistical Optimization of Medium Components for Prodigiosin Yield-Up
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Sung Jin Kim , Hong Kum Lee , Yoo Kyung Lee , Joung Han Yim
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J. Microbiol. 2008;46(2):183-188. Published online June 11, 2008
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0037-y
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50
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25
Scopus
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Abstract
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Prodigiosin is a natural red pigment with algicidal activity against Cochlodinium polykrikoides, a major harmful red-tide microalga. To increase the yield of prodigiosin, a mutant of Hahella chejuenesis KCTC 2396, assigned M3349, was developed by an antibiotic mutagenesis using chloramphenicol. When cultured
in Sucrose-based Marine Broth medium (SMB), M3349 could produce prodigiosin at 1.628±0.06 g/L, while wild type producing at 0.658±0.12 g/L under the same conditions. To increase the yield of prodigiosin production by M3349, significant medium components were determined using a two-level Plackett-Burman statistical design technique. Among fourteen components included in SMB medium, NaCl, Na2SiO3, MgCl2, H3BO3, Na2HPO4, Na2SO4, and CaCl2 were determined to be important for prodigiosin production. The medium formulation was finally optimized using a Box-Behnken design as follows: sucrose 10.0, peptone 8.0, yeast extract 2.0, NaCl 10.0, Na2SO4 12.0, CaCl2 1.8, MgCl2 0.7 g/L; and H3BO3 22.0, Na2HPO4 20.0, Na2SiO3 8.0 mg/L. The predicted maximum yield of prodigiosin in the optimized medium was 2.43 g/L by the Box-Behnken design, while the practical production was 2.60±0.176 g/L, which was 3.9 times higher than wild type with SMB Medium (0.658 g/L).
- Cryoprotective Properties of Exopolysaccharide (P-21653) Produced by the Antarctic Bacterium, Pseudoalteromonas arctica KOPRI 21653
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Sung Jin Kim , Joung Han Yim
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J. Microbiol. 2007;45(6):510-514.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2643 [pii]
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Abstract
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Twenty-five bacterial strains that secrete mucous materials were isolated from sediment obtained from King George Island, Antarctica. Seven of these strains proved capable of producing cryoprotective exopolysaccharides. The strain KOPRI 21653 was selected for the further study of an anti-ice-nucleating polysaccharide (ANP), which originated from a polar region. KOPRI 21653 was identified as Pseudoalteromonas arctica as the result of 16S rRNA analysis. The exopolysaccharide, P-21653, was purified completely from the KOPRI 21653 cell culture via column chromatography and protease treatment. The principal sugar components of P-21653 were determined to be galactose and glucose, at a ratio of 1:1.5, via GC-MS analysis. The cryoprotective activity of P-21653 was characterized via an E. coli viability test. In the presence of 0.1% (w/v) P-21653, the survival ratio of E. coli cells was as high as 82.6% over three repeated freeze-thaw cycles. The survival ratio decreased drastically to 71.5 and 48.1%, respectively, in five and seven repeated cycle conditions; however, the survival ratios were greater over three (96.6-92.1%) to seven (100.5-91.6%) freeze-thaw cycles in the presence of 0.5 and 1.0% (w/v) P-21653. In addition, at much lower concentrations (0.1-1.0%), P-21653 resulted in survival ratios (83.1-98.4%) similar to those of two commercially available cryoprotectants (VEG plus X-1000, 92.9% and VM3, 95.3%), which were utilized at the recommended concentrations (90%). The biochemical characteristics of exopolysaccharide P-21653 reflect that this compound may be developed as a useful cryoprotectant for use in medical applications and in the food industry.
- Axenic Culture of Gyrodinium impudicum Strain KG03, a Marine Red-tide Microalga that Produces Exopolysaccharide
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Joung Han Yim , Hong Kum Lee
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J. Microbiol. 2004;42(4):305-314.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2106 [pii]
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Abstract
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An exopolysaccharide-producing microalgal dinoflagellate was isolated from a red-tide bloom and designated strain KG03. A bacteria-free culture of strain KG03 was achieved using a modified wash with phototaxis and antibiotic treatment. Combined treatment with neomycin and cephalosporin was the most effective for eliminating the bacteria associated with the microalgae. Strain KG03 was identified as Gyrodinium impudicum by analyzing the ITS regions of the 5.8S rDNA, 18S rDNA, morphological phenotype and fatty acid composition. The exopolysaccharide production and cell growth in a 300-ml photobioreactor were increased 2.7- and 2.4-fold, respectively, compared with that in a flask culture at the first isolation step.