Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts
- Effects of blue light on pigment biosynthesis of Monascus
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Di Chen , Chunmao Xue , Mianhua Chen , Shufen Wu , Zhenjing Li , Changlu Wang
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J. Microbiol. 2016;54(4):305-310. Published online April 1, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-6011-1
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Abstract
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The influence of different illumination levels of blue light
on the growth and intracellular pigment yields of Monascus
strain M9 was investigated. Compared with darkness, constant
exposure to blue light of 100 lux reduced the yields of six
pigments, namely, rubropunctatamine (RUM), monascorubramine
(MOM), rubropunctatin (RUN), monascorubrin
(MON), monascin (MS), and ankaflavin (AK). However,
exposure to varying levels of blue light had different effects
on pigment production. Exposure to 100 lux of blue light
once for 30 min/day and to 100 lux of blue light once and
twice for 15 min/day could enhance RUM, MOM, MS, and
AK production and reduce RUN and MON compared with
non-exposure. Exposure to 100 lux twice for 30 min/day
and to 200 lux once for 45 min/day decreased the RUM,
MOM, MS, and AK yields and increased the RUN and MON.
Meanwhile, the expression levels of pigment biosynthetic
genes were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR. Results
indicated that gene MpPKS5, mppR1, mppA, mppB, mmpC,
mppD , MpFasA, MpFasB, and mppF were positively correlated
with the yields of RUN and MON, whereas mppE and
mppR2 were associated with RUM, MOM, MS, and AK
production.
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Citations
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Brazilian Journal of Microbiology.2022; 53(3): 1199. CrossRef - Toward improvements for enhancement the productivity and color value of Monascus pigments: a critical review with recent updates
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- Cloning and Functional Analysis of the Gβ Gene Mgb1 and the Gγ Gene Mgg1 in Monascus ruber
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Li Li , Lu He , Yong Lai , Yanchun Shao , Fusheng Chen
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J. Microbiol. 2014;52(1):35-43. Published online January 4, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-3072-x
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Abstract
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The ascomycetous fungus Monascus ruber is one of the most
well-known species widely used to produce Monascus-fermentation
products for natural food colorants and medicine.
Our previous research on the Gα subunit Mga1 and the regulator
of G protein signaling MrflbA indicated that heterotrimeric
G protein signaling pathways were involved in aspects
of growth, sporulation and secondary metabolite production
in M. ruber. To better understand the G protein signaling
pathways in this fungus, a Gβ subunit gene (Mgb1)
and a Gγ subunit gene (Mgg1) were cloned and investigated
in the current study. The predicted Mgb1 protein consisted
of 353 amino acids and Mgg1 consisted of 94 amino acids,
sharing marked similarity with Aspergillus Gβ and Gγ subunits,
respectively. Targeted deletion (Δ) of Mgb1 or Mgg1
result
ed in phenotypic alterations similar to those resulting
from ΔMga1, i.e., restricted vegetative growth, lowered asexual
sporulation, impaired cleistothecial formation, and enhanced
citrinin and pigment production. Moreover, deletion of Mgg1
suppressed the defects in asexual development and in biosynthesis
of citrinin and pigment caused by the absence of
MrflbA function. These results provide evidence that Mgb1
and Mgg1 form a functional Gβγ dimer and the dimer interacts
with Mga1 to mediate signaling pathways, which are
negatively controlled by MrflbA, for growth, reproduction
and citrinin and pigment biosynthesis in M. ruber.
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Citations
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Ho-Soo Lim , Seung-Ku Yoo , Chul-Soo Shin , Young-Min Hyun
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J. Microbiol. 2000;38(1):48-51.
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Abstract
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In liquid cultures using sucrose media, the coculture of Monascus with recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing the glucoamylase gene from Aspergillus niger enhanced red pigment production by approx. 19%, compared with the coculture of wild type S. cerevisiae. Coculture with recombinant S. cerevisiae was more effective than with wild type S. cerevisiae for Monascus red pigment production. Cocultures of Monascus with commercial amylases of Aspergillus also induced high production of pigment and morphological changes in a solid culture using sucrose media.