Phosphate solubilizing fungi (PSF) have been widely applied
to dissolve insoluble phosphates (IPs). However, the PSF usually
demonstrates a different phosphate solubilizing capacity
for various IPs. This study explored the mechanisms of Aspergillus
niger for the dissolution of ferric phosphate (FePO4,
Fe-P), and tricalcium phosphate (Ca3[PO4]2, Ca-P) regarding
the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Aspergillus niger has higher
phosphorus (P) content released from Ca-P, reached the maximum
value of 861 mg/L after seven days of incubation, compared
with the 169 mg/L from Fe-P. Oxalic acid promoted
the release of P from Ca-P through the formation of calcium
oxalate. The presence of Fe-P can stimulate A. niger to secrete
large amounts of citric acid, confirmed by the enhancement
of citrate synthase (CS) activity. However, citric acid
only promotes 0.5% of P released from Fe-P. Meanwhile, although
oxalic acid still dominates the release of P from Fe-P,
its abundance was significantly declined. In contrast, oxalic
acid also shows a higher P release ratio in Ca-P than citric
acid, i.e., 36% vs. 22%. This study points to the future usage
of A. niger to dissolve IPs in soil required to enhance oxalic
acid secretion.
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