Journal of Microbiology

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts

Inhibitory Effect of Chlorophyllin on the Propionibacterium acnes-Induced Chemokine Expression: Mi-Sun Kang , Jin-Hee Kim , Boo-Ahn Shin , Hyun-Chul Lee , Youn-Shin Kim , Hae-Soon Lim , Jong-Suk Oh; J. Microbiol. 2013;51(6):844-849. Published online December 19, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-013-3015-y

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Chlorophyllin (CHL), a chlorophyll-derivative, exhibits several beneficial properties, including antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. However, its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities against Propionibacterium acnes have not been described. The antibacterial activity of this compound was evaluated in vitro using the broth microdilution
method
. CHL had an inhibitory effect on the growth of P. acnes (MIC = 100 μM). In a real-time reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, CHL significantly decreased interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) production in a dose-dependent manner, decreasing both mRNA and protein levels for these chemokines in THP-1 cells indicating the anti-inflammatory effects of it. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of CHL in THP-1 cells stimulated by P. acnes, we used western blotting to analyze the effect of CHL on activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB. CHL inhibited P. acnes-induced IL-8 and MCP-1 production via blockade of NF-κB activation in THP-1 cells. Therefore, based on these results, we suggest that CHL is a useful agent to control the growth of P. acnes involved in acne inflammation and prevent acne.

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A chlorin e6 derivative-mediated photodynamic therapy for mild to moderate acne: A prospective, single-blind, randomized, split-face controlled study
Haiyan Zhang, Yan Zhao, Hui Tao, Chunmei Feng, Peiru Wang, Linglin Zhang, Xiaojing Liu, Yamei Chen, Xiuli Wang
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.2024; 49: 104304. CrossRef
Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Potential of Chlorophyllin Against Streptococcus mutans In Vitro and In Silico
Seemrose Khan, Ihtisham Ul Haq, Imran Ali, Abdul Rehman, Mazen Almehmadi, Meshari A. Alsuwat, Tariq Zaman, Muhammad Qasim
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Seong-Yeong Heo, Yeachan Lee, Tae-Hee Kim, Soo-Jin Heo, Hwarang Shin, Jiho Lee, Myunggi Yi, Hyun Wook Kang, Won-Kyo Jung
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Chlorophyll degradation by tetracycline and cadmium in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves
D. Rydzyński, A. I. Piotrowicz-Cieślak, H. Grajek, D. J. Michalczyk
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Antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus salivarius and Lactobacillus fermentum against Staphylococcus aureus
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Pathogens and Disease.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
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Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri on the Proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis: Mi-Sun Kang , Jong-Suk Oh , Seok-Woo Lee , Hoi-Soon Lim , Nam-Ki Choi , Seon-Mi Kim; J. Microbiol. 2012;50(1):137-142. Published online February 27, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-1286-3

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Abstract

While it is generally accepted that Propionibacterium acnes is involved in the development of acne, other bacteria including Staphylococcus epidermidis have also been isolated from the acne lesion. The interaction between Lactobacillus reuteri, a probiotic bacterium, and acnegenic bacteria is unclear. This study examined the effects of L. reuteri on the proliferation of P. acnes and S. epidermidis. Human-derived L. reuteri strains (KCTC 3594 and KCTC 3678) and rat-derived L. reuteri KCTC 3679 were used. All strains exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the growth of P. acnes and S. epidermidis. The proliferation of P. acnes was decreased by 2-log scales after incubation with L. reuteri for 24 h. In addition, the proliferation of S. epidermidis was decreased by 3-log scales after incubation with L. reuteri for 24 h, whereas the growth of L. reuteri was unaffected by P. acnes or S. epidermidis. Among the L. reuteri strains examined, L. reuteri KCTC 3679 had the strongest inhibitory effect on the growth of P. acnes and S. epidermidis, followed by L. reuteri KCTC 3594 and L. reuteri KCTC 3678. Interestingly, reuterin, an antimicrobial factor, was produced only by L. reuteri KCTC 3594. The most pronounced the antibacterial activities of L. reuteri were attributed to the production of organic acids. Overall, these results suggest that L. reuteri may be a useful probiotic agent to control the growth of bacteria involved in acne inflammation and prevent acne.

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Éile Butler, Christoffer Lundqvist, Jakob Axelsson
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Jinal Bhola, Rama Bhadekar
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Mi-Sun Kang, Hae-Soon Lim, Jong-Suk Oh, You-jin Lim, Karin Wuertz-Kozak, Janette M. Harro, Mark E. Shirtliff, Yvonne Achermann
Pathogens and Disease.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
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W. Bowe, N.B. Patel, A.C. Logan
Beneficial Microbes.2014; 5(2): 185. CrossRef
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Katherine L. Baquerizo Nole, Elizabeth Yim, Jonette E. Keri
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Journal Article

In vitro Activity of Kaempferol Isolated from the Impatiens balsamina alone and in Combination with Erythromycin or Clindamycin against Propionibacterium acnes: Young-Hee Lim , In-Hwan Kim , Jung-Ju Seo; J. Microbiol. 2007;45(5):473-477.; DOI: https://doi.org/2587 [pii]

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Abstract: The in vitro antibacterial activity against antibiotic-resistant Propionibacterium acnes of kaempferol isolated from the Impatiens balsamina alone and in combination with erythromycin or clindamycin antibiotics was investigated. The antibiotic combination effect against antibiotic-resistant P. acnes was studied by checkerboard test. Kaempferol and quercetin demonstrated antibacterial activities against P. acnes. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for both compounds were ≤32 μg/ml and ≤64 μg/ml for clindamycin-sensitive and-resistant P. acnes, respectively. The four combination formulations (kaempferol and either erythromycin or clindamycin; quercetin and either erythromycin or clindamycin) exhibited a synergic inhibition of P. acnes growth. The combination of kaempferol with quercetin showed an indifferent effect. The combination of clindamycin with kaempferol or quercetin showed a greater synergic effect than that of erythromycin with kaempferol or quercetin. Thus, these combinations demonstrated the potential to treat acne.

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Antibody Response to Crude Cell Lysate of Propionibacterium acnes and Induction of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Acne and Normal Healthy Subjects: Basal , E. , A. , Kaushal , G.P.; J. Microbiol. 2004;42(2):117-125.; DOI: https://doi.org/2035 [pii]

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Abstract: Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) plays an important role in the disease pathogenesis of acne vulgaris, a disorder of pilosebaceous follicles, seen primarily in the adolescent age group. In the present study, the presence of antibodies against P. acnes (MTCC1951) were detected in acne patient (n=50) and disease free controls (n=25) using dot-ELISA and Western blot assay. The ability of P. acnes to induce proinflammatory cytokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), obtained from acne patients and healthy subjects, were also analysed. The patients (n=26) who were culture positive for skin swab culture, were found to have a more advanced disease and higher antibody titres (1:4000 to >1:16000) compared to the P. acnes negative patients (n=24) and normal controls (n=25). An analysis of patients' sera by western blot assay recognized a number of antigenic components of P. acnes, ranging from 29 to 205 kDa. The major reactive component was an approximately 96 kDa polypeptide, which was recognised in 92% (24 of 26) of the patients sera. Further, the P. acnes culture supernatant, crude cell lysate and heat killed P. acnes whole cells, obtained from 72-h incubation culture, were observed to be able to induce significant amounts of IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-[alpha]) by the PBMCs in both the healthy subjects and patients, as analysed by cytokine-ELISA. The levels of cytokines were significantly higher in the patients than the healthy subjects. A major 96 kDa polypeptide reactant was eluted from the gel and was found to cause dose dependent stimulation of the productions of IL-8 and TNF-[alpha]. Thus, the above results suggest that both humoral and pro-inflammatory responses play major roles in the pathogenesis of acne.

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