Journal of Microbiology

Journal Articles

Phage Types and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Patterns of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Isolated from Humans and Chickens: Sung Hun Kim , Shukho Kim , Sung Guen Chun , Mi-Sun Park , Jeong Hyun Park , Bok-Kwon Lee; J. Microbiol. 2008;46(2):209-213. Published online June 11, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-007-0197-1

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Abstract: We analyzed 66 Salmonella Enteritidis isolates in 2002. Thirty isolates were obtained from human patients with diarrhea, and 36 were obtained from chickens. A total of ten phage types (PT) were identified in the human and chicken isolates. PT1 and PT21 were the predominant PTs in both the human (20% and 13%) and chicken (17% and 47%) isolates. Twelve pulsotypes were generated by PFGE and divided into two major groups. Most of the PFGE types were categorized into cluster group 1. Eighteen chicken isolates in cluster group 1 showed high-level genetic association (>95%) with 22 other human isolates. Additionally, six chicken isolates from cluster group 2 showed fairly high-level genetic association (>95%) with the other seven human isolates. The highest levels of genetic association in humans and chickens were seen with A5-PT21 (11 isolates), A2-PT1 (7 isolates), and B1-PT4 (6 isolates). The Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and phage typing provided conclusive evidence that human Salmonella infections are attributable to the consumption of contaminated chicken.

The Molecular Characterization of Serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis Strains Circulating in Beijing: Tie-gang Zhang , Jing-guo He , Xiong He , Li-Juan Chen , Zhu-jun Shao , Mei-ping Sun; J. Microbiol. 2006;44(6):685-688.; DOI: https://doi.org/2455 [pii]

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Abstract: The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular features of serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis strains circulating in Beijing, China. Twenty out of 23 strains belonged to ST 4821. The causative serosubtype for meningococcal meningitis was P1.12-1,16-8. All of the strains expressed class 3 PorB protein. Among the five pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns observed, pattern III predominated.

Laboratory Confirmation of A Suspicious Meningococcal Meningitis Death Case: Tie-gang Zhang , Xiong He , Li-juan Chen , Jing-guo He , Ming Luo , Jie Yang , Zhu-jun Shao , Mei-ping Sun; J. Microbiol. 2006;44(4):457-460.; DOI: https://doi.org/2405 [pii]

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Abstract: A suspicious meningococcal meningitis death case was reported to the Beijing CDC. The blood specimen was analyzed via multi-PCR and MLST. 6 isolates from close contacts were analyzed via PFGE and MLST. According to the results of the above analyses, the cause of this case was identified as a serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis, which, in terms of sequence typing, belonged the ST7 group.

Molecular Epidemiological Analysis of Bloodstream Isolates of Candida albicans from a University Hospital over a Five-Year Period: Jong Hee Shin , Yu Gyung Og , Duck Cho , Seung Jung Kee , Myung Geun Shin , Soon Pal Suh , Dong Wook Ryang; J. Microbiol. 2005;43(6):546-554.; DOI: https://doi.org/2291 [pii]

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Abstract: We assessed the genetic relations and epidemiological links among bloodstream isolates of Candida albicans, which were obtained from a university hospital over a period of five years. The 54 bloodstream isolates from the 38 patients yielded 14 different karyotypes, 29 different patterns after digestion with SfiI (REAG-S), and 31 different patterns after digestion with BssHII (REAG-B) when analyzed using three different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing methods. In 11 patients with serial bloodstream isolates, all strains from each patient had the same PFGE pattern. The dendrograms for all of the strains revealed that the distribution of similarity values ranged from 0.70 to 1.0 in the REAG-S patterns, and from 0.35 to 1.0 in the REAG-B patterns. Overall, the combination of the three different PFGE methods identified 31 distinct types, reflecting the results obtained using the REAG-B alone different. different Five PFGE types were shared among 22 isolates from 12 patients. These types of strains were more frequently associated with central venous catheter-related fungemia than the other 26 type strains (92% versus 31%; P < 0.005). Of five PFGE types, four isolates were determined to be epidemiologically related: each of these types was primarily from two or three patients who had been hospitalized concurrently within the same intensive care unit. Our results suggest that the REAG-B constitutes perhaps the most useful PFGE method for investigating C. albicans candidemia and also shows that a relatively high proportion of C. albicans candidemia may be associated with exogenous acquisition of clonal strains.

Molecular Investigation of Two Consecutive Nosocomial Clusters of Candida tropicalis Candiduria Using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis: Joon Rho , Jong Hee Shin , Jeong Won Song , Mi-Ra Park , Seung Jung Kee , Sook Jin Jang , Young Kyu Park , Soon Pal Suh , Dong Wook Ryang; J. Microbiol. 2004;42(2):80-86.; DOI: https://doi.org/2041 [pii]

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Abstract: Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing was applied to the epidemiological investigation of 21 Candida tropicalis isolates collected from urine specimens of 11 patients and one healthcare worker, in an intensive care unit (ICU) over a 4-month period. Seventeen epidemiologically unrelated strains from 14 patients were also tested to determine the discriminatory power of PFGE. PFGE typing consisted of electrophoretic karyotyping (EK) and restriction endonuclease analysis of genomic DNA (REAG), using two restriction enzymes (BssHII and SfiI). The EK pattern was the same in all 38 isolates, while REAG using SfiI separated the isolates into nine types. However, 16 different PFGE types were identified by REAG with BssHII, and the same results were obtained when the results of both REAG tests were combined. In serial urinary isolates from 10 patients, all strains from each patient had the same PFGE pattern. While the epidemiologically unrelated strains from 14 patients consisted of 13 different PFGE types, the 20 isolates from the 11 ICU patients fell into only two PFGE types (types C1 and C2), and these apparently originated from the two different outbreaks. All strains of type C1 (n = 12) were isolated from six patients, between November 1999 and January 2000, and all of the type C2 strains (n=8) were isolated from five patients, during January and February 2000. This study shows two consecutive clusters of C. tropicalis candiduria in an ICU, defined by PFGE typing, and also demonstrates that a PFGE typing method using BssHII is perhaps the most useful method for investigating C. tropicalis candiduria.

Genomic polymorphism in clinical mycobacterial strains analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: Kim, Jeong Ran , Kim, Cheorl Ho; J. Microbiol. 1997;35(3):172-176.

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Abstract: The Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Korea, showing different drug resistances, were analyzed by comparing large restriction fragment (LRF) patterns produced y digestion of genomic DNA with infrequent-cutting endonucleases of SpeI, AsnI and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). SpeI and AsnI allowed with AsnI and SpeI, strains yielded an absolutely identical pattern for Korean type's mycobacteria even though they showed different drug resisstance. However, when three M. tuberculosis strains, showing drug resistance, were digested with XbaI, patterns were different from those of the other M. tuberculosis strians which are susceptible to drugs. This study reveals that the comparison of chromosomal restriction patterns is very useful as an additional aid for the differentiation and identification of M. tuberculosis strains showing drug resistances.

Genetic Relatedness within Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 19F and 23F Isolates in Korea by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis: Kwang Jun Lee , Song Mee Bae , Kyu Jam Hwang , Young Hee Lee , Ki Sang Kim; J. Microbiol. 2003;41(1):1-6.

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Abstract: The genetic relatedness of multidrug-resistant pneumococcal isolates of serotypes 19F and 23F was investigated. The DNA fragments digested with Sma I were resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). PFGE analysis of 36 S. pneumoniae isolates showed 13 different patterns. Among 22 isolates of serotype 19F, 9 different PFGE patterns were present and 14 isolates of serotype 23F isolates represented 5 distinct PFGE patterns. Two isolates of serotype 19F and six isolates of serotype 23F shared the same PFGE pattern (Pattern I). Based on the genetic relatedness within the strains (one genetic cluster was defined as having more than 85% homology), we divided the pneumococcal strains into 6 genetic clusters (I, II, III, IV, V, and VI). The 22 strains of serotype 19F belonged to five distinct genetic clusters (I, II, III, IV, V and VI) and 14 strains of serotype 23F represented two genetic clusters (I and II ). These results showed that strains of serotype 19F are genetically more diverse than those of serotype 23F. Serotype 19F isolates with PFGE patterns H and I appeared to be less related to those of the remaining PFGE patterns (A to G) (less than 60% genetic relatedness), but those strains were genetically closely related with serotype 23F. These results suggest that the latter isolates originated from horizontal transfer of the capsular type 19F gene locus to 23F pneumococcal genotypes. In conclusion, the multidrug-resistant pneumococcal isolates of serotype 19F and 23F isolated in Korea are the result of the spread of a limited number of resistant clones.

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