Bacterial ribonuclease E (RNase E) plays a crucial role in the processing and decay of RNAs. A small protein named RraA negatively regulates the activity of RNase E via protein-protein interaction in various bacteria. Recently, RraAS1 and RraAS2, which are functional homologs of RraA from Escherichia coli, were identified in the Gram-positive species Streptomyces coelicolor. RraAS1 and RraAS2 inhibit RNase ES ribonuclease activity in S. coelicolor. RraAS1 and RraAS2 have a C-termi-nal extension region unlike typical bacterial RraA proteins. In this study, we present the crystal structure of RraAS2, ex-hibiting a hexamer arranged in a dimer of trimers, consistent with size exclusion chromatographic results. Importantly, the C-terminal extension region formed a long α-helix at the junction of the neighboring subunit, which is similar to the trimeric RraA orthologs from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Trun-cation of the C-terminal extension region resulted in loss of RNase ES inhibition, demonstrating its crucial role. Our find-ings present the first bacterial RraA that has a hexameric assembly with a C-terminal extension α-helical region, which plays an essential role in the regulation of RNase ES activity in S. coelicolor.
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RraA is a protein inhibitor of RNase E, which degrades and
processes numerous RNAs in Escherichia coli. Streptomyces
coelicolor also contains homologs of RNase E and RraA,
RNase ES and RraAS1/RraAS2, respectively. Here, we report
that, unlike other RraA homologs, RraAS1 directly interacts
with the catalytic domain of RNase ES to exert its inhibitory
effect. We further show that rraAS1 gene deletion in S. coelicolor results in a higher growth rate and increased production
of actinorhodin and undecylprodigiosin, compared with
the wild-type strain, suggesting that RraAS1-mediated regulation
of RNase ES activity contributes to modulating the
cellular physiology of S. coelicolor.
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