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- Probiotic supplements alleviate gestational diabetes mellitus by restoring the diversity of gut microbiota: a study based on 16S rRNA sequencing
- Qing-Xiang Zheng , Xiu-Min Jiang , Hai-Wei Wang , Li Ge , Yu-Ting Lai , Xin-Yong Jiang , Fan Chen , Ping-Ping Huang
- J. Microbiol. 2021;59(9):827-839. Published online August 12, 2021
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1094-8
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- 14 Citations
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Abstract
- Probiotics effectively prevent and improve metabolic diseases such as diabetes by regulating the intestinal microenvironment and gut microbiota. However, the effects of probiotics in gestational diabetes mellitus are not clear. Here, we showed that probiotic supplements significantly improved fasting blood glucose in a gestational diabetes mellitus rat model. To further understand the mechanisms of probiotics in gestational diabetes mellitus, the gut microbiota were analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing. We found that compared with the normal pregnant group, the gestational diabetes mellitus rats had decreased diversity of gut microbiota. Moreover, probiotic supplementation restored the diversity of the gut microbiota in gestational diabetes mellitus rats, and the gut microbiota structure tended to be similar to that of normal pregnant rats. In particular, compared with gestational diabetes mellitus rats, the abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria was higher after probiotic supplementation. Furthermore, activating carbohydrate metabolism and membrane transport pathways may be involved in the potential mechanisms by which probiotic supplements alleviate gestational diabetes mellitus. Overall, our results suggested that probiotic supplementation might be a novel approach to restore the gut microbiota of gestational diabetes mellitus rats and provided an experimental evidence for the use of probiotic supplements to treat gestational diabetes melitus.
- The putative C2H2 transcription factor RocA is a novel regulator of development and secondary metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans
- Dong Chan Won , Yong Jin Kim , Da Hye Kim , Hee-Moon Park , Pil Jae Maeng
- J. Microbiol. 2020;58(7):574-587. Published online April 22, 2020
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0083-7
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- 2 Citations
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Abstract
- Multiple transcriptional regulators play important roles in the coordination of developmental processes, including asexual and sexual development, and secondary metabolism in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. In the present study, we characterized a novel putative C2H2-type transcription factor (TF), RocA, in relation to development and secondary metabolism. Deletion of rocA increased conidiation and caused defective sexual development. In contrast, the overexpression of rocA exerted opposite effects on both phenotypes. Additionally, nullifying rocA resulted in enhanced brlA expression and reduced nsdC expression, whereas its overexpression exerted the opposite effects. These results suggest that RocA functions as a negative regulator of asexual development by repressing the expression of brlA encoding a key asexual development activator, but as a positive regulator of sexual development by enhancing the expression of nsdC encoding a pivotal sexual development activator. Deletion of rocA increased the production of sterigmatocystin (ST), as well as the expression of its biosynthetic genes, aflR and stcU. Additionally, the expression of the biosynthetic genes for penicillin (PN), ipnA and acvA, and for terrequinone (TQ), tdiB and tdiE, was increased by rocA deletion. Thus, it appears that RocA functions as a negative transcriptional modulator of the secondary metabolic genes involved in ST, PN, and TQ biosynthesis. Taken together, we propose that RocA is a novel transcriptional regulator that may act either positively or negatively at multiple target genes necessary for asexual and sexual development and secondary metabolism.
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