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- Lipoteichoic Acid from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG as a Novel Intracanal Medicament Targeting Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm Formation
- Ji-Young Yoon, Somin Park, Dongwook Lee, Ok-Jin Park, WooCheol Lee, Seung Hyun Han
- J. Microbiol. 2024;62(10):897-905. Published online September 30, 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00165-6
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Abstract
- The demand for safe and effective endodontic medicaments to control Enterococcus faecalis biofilms, a contributor to apical periodontitis, is increasing. Recently, lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of family Lactobacillaceae has been shown to have anti-biofilm effects against various oral pathogens. Preliminary experiments showed that LTA purified from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (Lgg.LTA) was the most effective against E. faecalis biofilms among LTAs from three Lactobacillaceae including L. rhamnosus GG, Lacticaseibacillus casei, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the potential of Lgg.LTA as an intracanal medicament in human root canals infected with E. faecalis. Twenty eight dentinal cylinders were prepared from extracted human teeth, where two-week-old E. faecalis biofilms were formed followed by intracanal treatment with sterile distilled water (SDW), N-2 methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), calcium hydroxide (CH), or Lgg.LTA. Bacteria and biofilms that formed in the root canals were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The remaining E. faecalis cells in the root canals after intracanal medicament treatment were enumerated by culturing and counting. When applied to intracanal biofilms, Lgg.LTA effectively inhibited E. faecalis biofilm formation as much as CH, while SDW and NMP had little effect. Furthermore, Lgg.LTA reduced both live and dead bacteria within the dentinal tubules, indicating the possibility of minimal re-infection in the root canals. Collectively, intracanal application of Lgg.LTA effectively inhibited E. faecalis biofilm formation, implying that Lgg.LTA can be used as a novel endodontic medicament.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Microflora Profiling of Infected Root Canal before and after Treatment Using Culture-Independent Methods
- Yasuhiro Ito , Takuichi Sato , Keiko Yamaki , Gen Mayanagi , Kazuhiro Hashimoto , Hidetoshi Shimauchi , Nobuhiro Takahashi
- J. Microbiol. 2012;50(1):58-62. Published online February 27, 2012
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-0459-4
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- 11 Scopus
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Abstract
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This study aimed to profile the microflora in infected root
canals before and after root canal treatment using cultureindependent
methods
. Six infected root canals in singlerooted teeth with periapical lesions from five subjects were included. Quantification of total bacteria was performed by real-time PCR with primers targeting 16S rRNA genes. PCR products with universal 16S rRNA gene primers were cloned and partially sequenced, and bacterial identification at the species level was performed by comparative analysis with the GenBank database. The concentration of extracted DNA before treatment was higher than that after root canal treatment, although the difference was not statistically significant. Sequence analysis revealed that oral bacteria such as Fusobacterium, Streptococcus, Olsenella, and Pseudoramibacter detected in cases before root canal treatment disappeared after treatment. These results suggest that the root canal microflora are distinct before and after root canal treatment, and that treatment changes the microflora in both quantity and quality.
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