Although culture-independent studies have shown the presence
of Verrucomicrobia in the deep sea, verrucomicrobial
strains from deep-sea environments have been rarely cultured
and characterized. Recently, Rubritalea profundi SAORIC-
165T, a psychrophilic bacterium of the phylum Verrucomicrobia,
was isolated from a depth of 2,000 m in the northwestern
Pacific Ocean. In this study, the genome sequence
of R. profundi SAORIC-165T, the first deep-sea verrucomicrobial
isolate, is reported with description of the genome
properties and comparison to surface-borne Rubritalea genomes.
The draft genome consisted of four contigs with an
entire size of 4,167,407 bp and G+C content of 47.5%. The
SAORIC-165T genome was predicted to have 3,844 proteincoding
genes and 45 non-coding RNA genes. The genome
contained a repertoire of metabolic pathways, including the
Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway, pentose phosphate pathway,
tricarboxylic acid cycle, assimilatory sulfate reduction,
and biosynthesis of nicotinate/nicotinamide, pantothenate/
coenzyme A, folate, and lycopene. The comparative genomic
analyses with two surface-derived Rubritalea genomes showed
that the SAORIC-165T genome was enriched in genes involved
in transposition of mobile elements, signal transduction, and
carbohydrate metabolism, some of which might be related to
bacterial enhancement of ecological fitness in the deep-sea
environment. Amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes from
the water column revealed that R. profundi-related phylotypes
were relatively abundant at 2,000 m and preferred a
particle-associated life style in the deep sea. These findings
suggest that R. profundi represents a genetically unique and
ecologically relevant verrucomicrobial group well adapted
to the deep-sea environment.
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