Journal of Microbiology

Journal Article

Nano-encapsulation of naringinase produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum ATCC18648 on thermally stable biopolymers for citrus juice debittering: Manal M. Housseiny , Heba I. Aboelmagd; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(6):521-531. Published online May 27, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8528-6

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Characteristics of naringinase nano-encapsulated forms on different carrier materials (chitosan and alginate polymers) were investigated in this study. Screening of twelve fungal isolates for naringinase production indicated that Trichoderma longibrachiatum was the most promising. Grapefruit rind was used as a substrate containing naringin for naringinase production. TEM micrographs showed that chitosan nano-capsules were applied for the production of morphologically homogeneous enzymatic nano-particles with high enzyme encapsulation efficiency, small asymmetric sizes (from 15.09 to 27.07 nm with the mean of 21.8 nm) and rough surfaces compared to nano-encapsulated naringinase in alginate which showed nano-particle size (from 33.37 to 51.01 nm with the mean of 43.03 nm). It was revealed that the highest naringinase activity was found in case of chitosan nano-capsule naringinase compared to alginate nano-capsule one. Thermogram analysis (TGA) showed that the free enzyme loses about 92% of its weight at approximately 110°C, while the nanoencapsulated ones show more stability at higher temperatures. Conclusively, the nano-capsulation process improves the kinetics and operational stability so could be useful as a debittering agent for various thermal processing applications in citrus juices industries which makes the fruit juice more acceptable and cost-effective to the consumer.

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Note] Comparative Analysis of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT)-Induced Cellular Responses and Proteomes in Pseudomonas sp. HK-6 in Two Types of Media: Yun-Seok Cho , Bheong-Uk Lee , Hyung-Yeel Kahng , Kye-Heon Oh; J. Microbiol. 2009;47(2):220-224. Published online May 2, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0108-0

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Abstract: TNT-induced cellular responses and proteomes in Pseudomonas sp. HK-6 were comparatively analyzed in two different media: basal salts (BS) and Luria broth (LB). HK-6 cells could not degrade more than 0.5 mM TNT with BS medium, while in LB medium, they exhibited the enhanced capability to degrade as much as 3.0 mM TNT. Analysis of total cellular fatty acids in HK-6 cells suggested that the relative abundance of several saturated or unsaturated fatty acids is altered under TNT-mediated stress conditions. Scanning electron microscopy showed the presence of perforations, irregular rod formations, and wrinkled extracellular surfaces in cells under TNT stress. Proteomic analysis of soluble protein fractions from HK-6 <br>cultures grown with TNT as a substrate revealed 11 protein spots induced by TNT. Among these, seven proteins (including Alg8, AlgB, NirB, and the AhpC/Tsa family) were detected only in LB medium containing TNT. The proteins AspS, Tsf, and assimilatory nitrate reductase were increasingly expressed only in BS medium containing TNT. The protein dGTPase was found to be induced and expressed when cells were grown in either type of TNT-containing media. These results provide a better understanding of the cytotoxicity and survival mechanism used by Pseudomonas sp. HK-6 when placed under TNT stress conditions.

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