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Functional Characterization of DNA N‑Glycosylase Ogg1 and Ntg1 in DNA Damage Stress of Cryptococcus neoformans
Kwang-Woo Jung , Sunhak Kwon , Jong-Hyun Jung , Sangyong Lim , Yong-Sun Bahn
J. Microbiol. 2023;61(11):981-992.   Published online December 6, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00092-y
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AbstractAbstract
Reactive oxygen species induce DNA strand breaks and DNA oxidation. DNA oxidation leads to DNA mismatches, resulting in mutations in the genome if not properly repaired. Homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) are required for DNA strand breaks, whereas the base excision repair system mainly repairs oxidized DNAs, such as 8-oxoguanine and thymine glycol, by cleaving the glycosidic bond, inserting correct nucleotides, and sealing the gap. Our previous studies revealed that the Rad53-Bdr1 pathway mainly controls DNA strand breaks through the regulation of HRand NHEJ-related genes. However, the functional roles of genes involved in the base excision repair system remain elusive in Cryptococcus neoformans. In the present study, we identified OGG1 and NTG1 genes in the base excision repair system of C. neoformans, which are involved in DNA oxidation repair. The expression of OGG1 was induced in a Hog1-dependent manner under oxidative stress. On the other hand, the expression of NTG1 was strongly induced by DNA damage stress in a Rad53-independent manner. We demonstrated that the deletion of NTG1, but not OGG1, resulted in elevated susceptibility to DNA damage agents and oxidative stress inducers. Notably, the ntg1Δ mutant showed growth defects upon antifungal drug treatment. Although deletion of OGG1 or NTG1 did not increase mutation rates, the mutation profile of each ogg1Δ and ntg1Δ mutant was different from that of the wild-type strain. Taken together, we found that DNA N-glycosylase Ntg1 is required for oxidative DNA damage stress and antifungal drug resistance in C. neoformans.
Lactobacillus plantarum lipoteichoic acid disrupts mature Enterococcus faecalis biofilm
A Reum Kim , Minji Kang , Yeon-Jee Yoo , Cheol-Heui Yun , Hiran Perinpanayagam , Kee-Yeon Kum , Seung Hyun Han
J. Microbiol. 2020;58(4):314-319.   Published online January 28, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-9518-4
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  • 18 Web of Science
  • 19 Crossref
AbstractAbstract
Apical periodontitis is caused by biofilm-mediated root canal infection. Early phase oral bacterial biofilms are inhibited by Lactobacillus plantarum lipoteichoic acid (Lp.LTA). However, mature biofilms that develop over 3 weeks are more resistant to traditional endodontic medicaments. Therefore, this study examined the effectiveness of Lp.LTA on disrupting mature Enterococcus faecalis biofilms, and on enhancing the effects of endodontic medicaments. LTA was purified from L. plantarum through butanol extraction followed by hydrophobic and ion-exchange chromatography. E. faecalis biofilms were formed over 3 weeks on glass bottom dishes and in dentin blocks obtained from human single-rooted premolars. These mature biofilms were treated with or without Lp.LTA for 1 h, followed by additional treatment with either chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), calcium hydroxide (CH), or triple antibiotics for 24 h. Biofilms on glass were live/dead stained and quantified by ZEN through confocal laser microscopy. Biofilms in dentin were fixed, sputter coated and analyzed by ImageJ with scanning electron microscopy. Preformed E. faecalis mature biofilms on the culture dishes were dose-dependently disrupted by Lp.LTA. Lp.LTA potentiated the effects of CHX or CH on the disruption of mature biofilm. Interestingly, CHX-induced disruption of preformed E. faecalis mature biofilms was synergistically enhanced only when pretreated with Lp.LTA. Furthermore, in the dentin block model, Lp.LTA alone reduced E. faecalis mature biofilm and pre-treatment with Lp.LTA promoted the anti-biofilm activity of CHX. Lp.LTA could be an anti-biofilm or supplementary agent that can be effective for E. faecalis-biofilminduced diseases.

Citations

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  • A Systematic Review of the Comparative Efficacy of Lactobacillus Probiotics and Sodium Hypochlorite as Intracanal Irrigants Against Enterococcus faecalis
    Mrinalini Mrinalini, Alpa Gupta, Dax Abraham, Arun Kumar Duraisamy, Rajat Sharma
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The role of Lactobacillus plantarum in oral health: a review of current studies
    Xinyan Huang, Jianhang Bao, Mingzhen Yang, Yingying Li, Youwen Liu, Yuankun Zhai
    Journal of Oral Microbiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Lipoteichoic Acid from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG as a Novel Intracanal Medicament Targeting Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm Formation
    Ji-Young Yoon, Somin Park, Dongwook Lee, Ok-Jin Park, WooCheol Lee, Seung Hyun Han
    Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(10): 897.     CrossRef
  • Isolation, Identification and Antibacterial Characteristics of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus YT
    Chengran Guan, Feng Li, Peng Yu, Xuan Chen, Yongqi Yin, Dawei Chen, Ruixia Gu, Chenchen Zhang, Bo Pang
    Foods.2024; 13(17): 2706.     CrossRef
  • Restriction of growth and biofilm formation of ESKAPE pathogens by caprine gut-derived probiotic bacteria
    Prerna Saini, Repally Ayyanna, Rishi Kumar, Sayan Kumar Bhowmick, Vinay Bhaskar, Bappaditya Dey
    Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Enterococcus Phage vB_EfaS_HEf13 as an Anti-Biofilm Agent Against Enterococcus faecalis
    Dongwook Lee, Jintaek Im, A Reum Kim, Woohyung Jun, Cheol-Heui Yun, Seung Hyun Han
    Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(8): 683.     CrossRef
  • Antibacterial effectiveness of multi-strain probiotics supernatants intracanal medication on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in a tooth model
    Shymaa Shaaban, Salma Genena, Alaaeldin Elraggal, Gamal M. Hamad, Marwa A. Meheissen, Sybel Moussa
    BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Antioxidant Effects and Probiotic Properties of Latilactobacillus sakei MS103 Isolated from Sweet Pickled Garlic
    Heng Li, Changlin Chen, Yuanxin Li, Zhengqiang Li, Chen Li, Chang Luan
    Foods.2023; 12(23): 4276.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of probiotics in apical periodontitis progression: A scoping review and implications for research
    Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa, Eugenio Pedullà
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 528.     CrossRef
  • Antibacterial efficacy of antibiotic pastes versus calcium hydroxide intracanal dressing: A systematic review and meta-analysis of ex vivo studies
    Mohammadreza Vatankhah, Kamyar Khosravi, Nazanin Zargar, Armin Shirvani, MohammadHossein Nekoofar, Omid Dianat
    Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(5): 463.     CrossRef
  • Plantaricin LD1 purified from Lactobacillus plantarum LD1 inhibits biofilm formation of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 in tooth model
    M.K. Yadav, P. Yadav, M. Dhiman, S. Tewari, S.K. Tiwari
    Letters in Applied Microbiology.2022; 75(3): 623.     CrossRef
  • The Products of Probiotic Bacteria Effectively Treat Persistent Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms
    Shatha Safadi, Harsh Maan, Ilana Kolodkin-Gal, Igor Tsesis, Eyal Rosen
    Pharmaceutics.2022; 14(4): 751.     CrossRef
  • Regenerative Endodontics and Minimally Invasive Dentistry: Intertwining Paths Crossing Over Into Clinical Translation
    Hisham Elnawam, Menatallah Abdelmougod, Ahmed Mobarak, Mai Hussein, Hamdy Aboualmakarem, Michael Girgis, Rania El Backly
    Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Can Probiotics Emerge as Effective Therapeutic Agents in Apical Periodontitis? A Review
    Gaurav Kumar, Sanjay Tewari, John Tagg, Michael Leonidas Chikindas, Igor V Popov, Santosh Kumar Tiwari
    Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins.2021; 13(2): 299.     CrossRef
  • Interplay between Candida albicans and Lactic Acid Bacteria in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Impact on Colonization Resistance, Microbial Carriage, Opportunistic Infection, and Host Immunity
    Karen D. Zeise, Robert J. Woods, Gary B. Huffnagle
    Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Mucosal Bacteria Modulate Candida albicans Virulence in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis
    M. Bertolini, R. Vazquez Munoz, L. Archambault, S. Shah, J. G. S. Souza, R. C. Costa, A. Thompson, Y. Zhou, T. Sobue, A. Dongari-Bagtzoglou, Deborah A. Hogan
    mBio.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Gram Positive Bacterial Lipoteichoic Acid Role in a Root Canal Infection – A Literature Review
    Vinoo Subramaniam Ramachandran, Mensudar Rathakrishnan, Malathy Balaraman Ravindrran, Alargarsamy Venkatesh, Vidhya Shankari Shanmugasundaram, Karpagavinayagam Kumaraguru
    Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology.2021; 15(2): 534.     CrossRef
  • Lactobacillus plantarum Lipoteichoic Acids Possess Strain-Specific Regulatory Effects on the Biofilm Formation of Dental Pathogenic Bacteria
    Dongwook Lee, Jintaek Im, Dong Hyun Park, Sungho Jeong, Miri Park, Seokmin Yoon, Jaewoong Park, Seung Hyun Han
    Frontiers in Microbiology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Streptococcus gordonii: Pathogenesis and Host Response to Its Cell Wall Components
    Ok-Jin Park, Yeongkag Kwon, Chaeyeon Park, Yoon Ju So, Tae Hwan Park, Sungho Jeong, Jintaek Im, Cheol-Heui Yun, Seung Hyun Han
    Microorganisms.2020; 8(12): 1852.     CrossRef
Lipoteichoic acids of lactobacilli inhibit Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation and disrupt the preformed biofilm
Solmin Jung , Ok-Jin Park , A Reum Kim , Ki Bum Ahn , Dongwook Lee , Kee-Yeon Kum , Cheol-Heui Yun , Seung Hyun Han
J. Microbiol. 2019;57(4):310-315.   Published online January 22, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8538-4
  • 50 View
  • 0 Download
  • 49 Web of Science
  • 47 Crossref
AbstractAbstract
Enterococcus faecalis, a Gram-positive bacterium commonly isolated in patients with refractory apical periodontitis, invades dentin tubules easily and forms biofilms. Bacteria in biofilms, which contribute to recurrent and/or chronic inflammatory diseases, are more resistant to antimicrobial agents than planktonic cells and easily avoid phagocytosis. Although Lactobacillus plantarum lipoteichoic acid (Lp.LTA) is associated with biofilm formation, the effect of Lp.LTA on biofilm formation by E. faecalis is not clearly understood. In this study, we investigated whether Lp.LTA inhibits E. faecalis biofilm formation. The degree of biofilm formation was determined by using crystal violet assay and LIVE/DEAD bacteria staining. The quantification of bacterial growth was determined by measuring the optical density at 600 nm with a spectrophotometer. Formation of biofilms on human dentin slices was observed under a scanning electron microscope. E. faecalis biofilm formation was reduced by Lp.LTA treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Lp.LTA inhibited biofilm development of E. faecalis at the early stage without affecting bacterial growth. LTA from other Lactobacillus species such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, or Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG also inhibited E. faecalis biofilm formation. In particular, among LTAs from various lactobacilli, Lp.LTA showed the highest inhibitory effect on biofilms formed by E. faecalis. Interestingly, LTAs from lactobacilli could remove the biofilm preformed by E. faecalis. These inhibitory effects were also observed on the surface of human dentin slices. In conclusion, Lactobacillus species LTA inhibits biofilm formation caused by E. faecalis and it could be used as an anti-biofilm agent for prevention or treatment against E. faecalis-associated diseases.

Citations

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  • Lactobacillus plantarum Lipoteichoic Acids Possess Strain-Specific Regulatory Effects on the Biofilm Formation of Dental Pathogenic Bacteria
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    Frontiers in Microbiology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • Lactobacillus plantarum lipoteichoic acid disrupts mature Enterococcus faecalis biofilm
    A. Reum Kim, Minji Kang, Yeon-Jee Yoo, Cheol-Heui Yun, Hiran Perinpanayagam, Kee-Yeon Kum, Seung Hyun Han
    Journal of Microbiology.2020; 58(4): 314.     CrossRef
  • Streptococcus gordonii: Pathogenesis and Host Response to Its Cell Wall Components
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