Journal of Microbiology

Journal Articles

Environmental Adaptability and Roles in Ammonia Oxidation of Aerobic Ammonia-Oxidizing Microorganisms in the Surface Sediments of East China Sea: Wenhui Li, Yu Zhen, Yuhong Yang, Daling Wang, Hui He; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(10):845-858. Published online August 30, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00166-5

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This study investigated the community characteristics and environmental influencing factors of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in the surface sediments of the East China Sea. The research found no consistent pattern in the richness and diversity of AOA and AOB with respect to the distance from the shore, indicating a complex interplay of factors. The expression levels of AOA amoA gene and AOB amoA gene in the surface sediments of the East China Sea ranged from 4.49 × 10² to 2.17 × 10⁶ copies per gram of sediment and from 6.6 × 10¹ to 7.65 × 10⁴ copies per gram of sediment, respectively. Salinity (31.77 to 34.53 PSU) and nitrate concentration (1.51 to 10.12 μmol/L) were identified as key environmental factors significantly affecting the AOA community, while salinity and temperature (13.71 to 19.50 °C) were crucial for the AOB community. The study also found that AOA, dominated by the Nitrosopumilaceae family, exhibited higher gene expression levels than AOB, suggesting a more significant role in ammonia oxidation. The expression of AOB was sensitive to multiple environmental factors, indicating a responsive role in nitrogen cycles and ecosystem health. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the biogeochemical processes and ecological roles of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in marine sediments.

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Metabolism diversification of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria under different precipitation gradients and land legacies
Soumyadev Sarkar, Anna Kazarina, Paige M. Hansen, Kaitlyn Ward, Christopher Hargreaves, Nicholas Reese, Qinghong Ran, Willow Kessler, Ligia F.T. de Souza, Terry D. Loecke, Marcos V.M. Sarto, Charles W. Rice, Lydia H. Zeglin, Benjamin A. Sikes, Sonny T.M.
Applied Soil Ecology.2025; 206: 105831. CrossRef

Pat- and Pta-mediated protein acetylation is required for horizontallyacquired virulence gene expression in Salmonella Typhimurium: Hyojeong Koo , Eunna Choi , Shinae Park , Eun-Jin Lee , Jung-Shin Lee; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(8):823-831. Published online May 27, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2095-y

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Abstract

Salmonella Typhimurium is a Gram-negative facultative pathogen that causes a range of diseases, from mild gastroenteritis to severe systemic infection in a variety of animal hosts. S. Typhimurium regulates virulence gene expression by a silencing mechanism using nucleoid-associated proteins such as Histone-like Nucleoid Structuring protein (H-NS) silencing. We hypothesize that the posttranslational modification, specifically protein acetylation, of proteins in gene silencing systems could affect the pathogenic gene expression of S. Typhimurium. Therefore, we created acetylation-deficient mutant by deleting two genes, pat and pta, which are involved in the protein acetylation pathway. We observed that the pat and pta deletion attenuates mouse virulence and also decreases Salmonella’s replication within macrophages. In addition, the Δpat Δpta strain showed a decreased expression of the horizontally-acquired virulence genes, mgtC, pagC, and ugtL, which are highly expressed in low Mg2+. The decreased virulence gene expression is possibly due to higher H-NS occupancy to those promoters because the pat and pta deletion increases H-NS occupancy whereas the same mutation decreases occupancy of RNA polymerase. Our results suggest that Pat- and Pta-mediated protein acetylation system promotes the expression of virulence genes by regulating the binding affinity of H-NS in S. Typhimurium.

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Multi-Lasso Peptide-Based Synergistic Nanocomposite: A High-Stability, Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Agent with Potential for Combined Antibacterial Therapy
Yu Li, Jinyu Zhang, Ke Wei, Di Zhou, Zepeng Wang, Zhiwei Zeng, Yu Han, Weisheng Cao
ACS Nano.2024; 18(45): 31435. CrossRef

CagL polymorphisms between East Asian and Western Helicobacter pylori are associated with different abilities to induce IL-8 secretion: Yun Hui Choi , Jing Lai , Myeong-A Kim , Aeryun Kim , Jinmoon Kim , Hanfu Su , Linhu Ge , Jeong-Heon Cha; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(8):763-770. Published online June 1, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1136-2

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Abstract

Helicobacter pylori colonizes human gastric mucosa. Its infection is associated with gastric diseases including gastric cancer. CagA is one of the most important toxins produced by H. pylori. It is related to gastric cancer which can be injected into host cells via a type IV secretion system (T4SS). CagL is a structural component of T4SS apparatus, which triggers host cell signaling pathway. It has been reported that CagL polymorphisms may influence the severity of disease development. To explore the contribution of CagL polymorphisms between East Asian and Western H. pylori in pathogenesis, cagL gene in G27 H. pylori was swapped by K74 cagL which is identical to East Asian CagL consensus sequence and by Western 26695 H. pylori, resulting in G27ΔcagL/cagLK74 and G27ΔcagL/cagL26695, respectively. Intriguingly, G27ΔcagL/ cagLK74 showed significantly less ability of IL-8 induction than G27ΔcagL/cagL26695 while displayed similar abilities of CagA phosphorylation, and cell elongation. Taken together, this study suggests that the CagL polymorphism may influence IL-8 induction, and K74 CagL has less ability to induce IL-8 secretion than G27 or 26695 CagL. Further research should address how the different capabilities of IL-8 induction between intraspecies-CagL are associated with the large differences of the incidence of gastric cancer between East Asian and Western countries.

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Roles of the components of the cag -pathogenicity island encoded type IV secretion system in Helicobacter pylori
Lingzhu Gou, Xiaoping Yang, Jianwei Yun, Zenghui Ma, Xiaofeng Zheng, Hongwei Du, Dekui Zhang
Future Microbiology.2024; 19(14): 1253. CrossRef
Antibacterial and Immunoregulatory Effects of Metformin against Helicobacter pylori Infection in Rat Model
Hassan Valadbeigi, Saeed Khoshnood, Babak Negahdari, Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah, Mohammad Hossein Haddadi, Abhimanyu Abhimanyu
BioMed Research International.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
New CagL Amino Acid Polymorphism Patterns of Helicobacter pylori in Peptic Ulcer and Non-Ulcer Dyspepsia
Reyhan Caliskan, Silva Polat Sari, Bahadir Ercan, Kivanc Derya Peker, Mehtap Omac Sonmez, Ozer Akgul, Burcu Sapmaz, Aliye Soylu, Gokhan Tolga Adas, Yasar Ali Oner, Pelin Yuksel Mayda
Medicina.2022; 58(12): 1738. CrossRef
Geographic diversity in Helicobacter pylori oipA genotype between Korean and United States isolates
Aeryun Kim, Jing Lai, D. Scott Merrell, Ji-Hye Kim, Hanfu Su, Jeong-Heon Cha
Journal of Microbiology.2021; 59(12): 1125. CrossRef

Pikeienuella piscinae gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel genus in the family Rhodobacteraceae: Jeeeun Park , Young-Sam Kim , Seong-Jin Kim , Sang-Eon Kim , Hyun-Kyoung Jung , Min-Ju Yu , Young Jae Jeon , Kyoung-Ho Kim; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(6):546-551. Published online April 20, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-0678-7

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Abstract

A novel bacterium, designated strain RR4-56T, was isolated from a biofilter of a seawater recirculating aquaculture system. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolate was closely related to Halovulum dunhuangense YYQ- 30T (92.6%), Albimonas donghaensis DS2T (91.3%), Pontivivens insulae GYSW-23T (91.3%), and Monaibacterium marinum C7T (90.9%), belonging to the family Rhodobacteraceae. The strain was aerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, oxidasepositive, and catalase-negative. Its optimum temperature, pH, and salinity for growth were 25–30°C, pH 8.5, and 2–3% NaCl (w/v), respectively. Its growth occurred at 15–35°C, pH 5.0–9.5, and 0–7% NaCl (w/v). It contained ubiquinone-10 (Q-10), a respiratory quinone, and the major cellular fatty acids were 11-methyl C18:1 ω7c (31.9%), C18:1 ω6c (30.4%), and C19:0 cyclo ω8c (16.1%). The polar lipids present in the strain were phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phospholipid, and an unidentified aminolipid. The strain had one 4,373,045 bp circular chromosome with G + C contents of 65.9 mol% including 4,169 genes, 4,118 coding sequences (CDSs), 3 rRNAs, and 45 tRNAs. Genome annotation predicted some gene clusters related to the degradation of several types of organic matter such as protocatechuate, catechol, and phthalate. Based on the polyphasic characteristics, RR4-56T represents a novel genus and species in the family Rhodobacteraceae, for which the name Pikeienuella piscinae gen. nov., sp. nov. was proposed. The type strain is RR4-56T (= KCTC 52648T = DSM 107918T).

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Systematic degradation process of petroleum hydrocarbons by an integrated bacterial consortium under bottom seawater and surface seawater environments
Lin Lin, Jia Ning, Chunhui Li, Linlin Zhang, Yu Gao, Wang Bo, Ke Shi
Environmental Technology.2024; : 1. CrossRef
Comparing the indigenous microorganism system in typical petroleum-contaminated groundwater
Jili Wang, Yuling Zhang, Yang Ding, Hewei Song, Ting Liu, Yi Zhang, Weiqing Xu, Yujia Shi
Chemosphere.2023; 311: 137173. CrossRef
Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM
Aharon Oren, George Garrity
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Effects of mycosubtilin homolog algicides from a marine bacterium, Bacillus sp. SY-1, against the harmful algal bloom species Cochlodinium polykrikoides: Seong-Yun Jeong , Hong-Joo Son; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(4):389-400. Published online March 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1086-8

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Abstract

The marine bacterium, Bacillus sp. SY-1, produced algicidal compounds that are notably active against the bloom-forming alga Cochlodinium polykrikoides. We isolated three algicidal compounds and identified these as mycosubtilins with molecular weights of 1056, 1070, and 1084 (designated MS 1056, 1070, and 1084, respectively), based on amino acid analyses and 1H, 13C, and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, including 1H-15N heteronuclear multiple bond correlation analysis. MS 1056 contains a β- amino acid residue with an alkyl side chain of C15, which has not previously been seen in known mycosubtilin families. MS 1056, 1070, and 1084 showed algicidal activities against C. polykrikoides with 6-h LC50 values of 2.3 ± 0.4, 0.8 ± 0.2, and 0.6 ± 0.1 μg/ml, respectively. These compounds also showed significant algicidal activities against other harmful algal bloom species. In contrast, MS 1084 showed no significant growth inhibitory effects against other organisms, including bacteria and microalgae, although does inhibit the growth of some fungi and yeasts. These observations imply that the algicidal bacterium Bacillus sp. SY-1 and its algicidal compounds could play an important role in regulating the onset and development of harmful algal blooms in natural environments.

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Biological and Chemical Approaches for Controlling Harmful Microcystis Blooms
Wonjae Kim, Yerim Park, Jaejoon Jung, Che Ok Jeon, Masanori Toyofuku, Jiyoung Lee, Woojun Park
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(3): 249. CrossRef
A Bacillus subtilis strain with efficient algaecide of Microcystis aeruginosa and degradation of microcystins
Yuanyuan Chen, Fei Xiong, Ying Zhu, Dongdong Zhai, Hongyan Liu, Lin Zhang, Ming Xia
Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Dinoflagellate–Bacteria Interactions: Physiology, Ecology, and Evolution
Xiaohong Yang, Zijian Liu, Yanwen Zhang, Xinguo Shi, Zhen Wu
Biology.2024; 13(8): 579. CrossRef
Transcriptomics‐guided identification of an algicidal protease of the marine bacterium Kordia algicida OT‐1
Kristy S. Syhapanha, David A. Russo, Yun Deng, Nils Meyer, Remington X. Poulin, Georg Pohnert
MicrobiologyOpen.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Applications-oriented algicidal efficacy research and in-depth mechanism of a novel strain Brevibacillus sp. on Microcystis aeruginosa
Fen Liu, Lei Qin, Shunni Zhu, Huanjun Chen, Akram Ali Nasser Mansoor Al-Haimi, Jin Xu, Weizheng Zhou, Zhongming Wang
Environmental Pollution.2023; 330: 121812. CrossRef
Algicidal Potential of the Endosymbiont Bacterial Consortium of the Seagrasses Enhalus acoroides and Thalassia hemprichii
G I Setiabudi, I N D Prasetia, K L Antara, G S br. Sitepu, J M Amelia, M D K Maharani
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.2023; 1224(1): 012039. CrossRef
Algicidal substances of Brevibacillus laterosporus and their effect on red tide organisms
Shanshan Liu, Zhiming Yu, Zaixing Wu, Xihua Cao, Ruihong Cheng, Xiuxian Song
Frontiers in Marine Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Algicidal activity of a novel bacterium, Qipengyuania sp. 3-20A1M, against harmful Margalefidinium polykrikoides: Effects of its active compound
So-Ra Ko, Ve Van Le, Ankita Srivastava, Mingyeong Kang, Hee-Mock Oh, Chi-Yong Ahn
Marine Pollution Bulletin.2023; 186: 114397. CrossRef
Review of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) Causing Marine Fish Kills: Toxicity and Mitigation
Jae-Wook Oh, Suraj Shiv Charan Pushparaj, Manikandan Muthu, Judy Gopal
Plants.2023; 12(23): 3936. CrossRef
Algicidal Bacteria: A Review of Current Knowledge and Applications to Control Harmful Algal Blooms
Kathryn J. Coyne, Yanfei Wang, Gretchen Johnson
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Isolation, identification of algicidal bacteria and contrastive study on algicidal properties against Microcystis aeruginosa
Fen Liu, Shunni Zhu, Lei Qin, Pingzhong Feng, Jin Xu, Weizheng Zhou, Zhongming Wang
Biochemical Engineering Journal.2022; 185: 108525. CrossRef

Reviews

Metaviromics coupled with phage-host identification to open the viral ‘black box’: Kira Moon , Jang-Cheon Cho; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(3):311-323. Published online February 23, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1016-9

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Abstract

Viruses are found in almost all biomes on Earth, with bacteriophages (phages) accounting for the majority of viral particles in most ecosystems. Phages have been isolated from natural environments using the plaque assay and liquid medium- based dilution culturing. However, phage cultivation is restricted by the current limitations in the number of culturable bacterial strains. Unlike prokaryotes, which possess universally conserved 16S rRNA genes, phages lack universal marker genes for viral taxonomy, thus restricting cultureindependent analyses of viral diversity. To circumvent these limitations, shotgun viral metagenome sequencing (i.e., metaviromics) has been developed to enable the extensive sequencing of a variety of viral particles present in the environment and is now widely used. Using metaviromics, numerous studies on viral communities have been conducted in oceans, lakes, rivers, and soils, resulting in many novel phage sequences. Furthermore, auxiliary metabolic genes such as ammonic monooxygenase C and β-lactamase have been discovered in viral contigs assembled from viral metagenomes. Current attempts to identify putative bacterial hosts of viral metagenome sequences based on sequence homology have been limited due to viral sequence variations. Therefore, culture- independent approaches have been developed to predict bacterial hosts using single-cell genomics and fluorescentlabeling. This review focuses on recent viral metagenome studies conducted in natural environments, especially in aquatic ecosystems, and their contributions to phage ecology. Here, we concluded that although metaviromics is a key tool for the study of viral ecology, this approach must be supplemented with phage-host identification, which in turn requires the cultivation of phage-bacteria systems.

Citations

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Long-read powered viral metagenomics in the oligotrophic Sargasso Sea
Joanna Warwick-Dugdale, Funing Tian, Michelle L. Michelsen, Dylan R. Cronin, Karen Moore, Audrey Farbos, Lauren Chittick, Ashley Bell, Ahmed A. Zayed, Holger H. Buchholz, Luis M. Bolanos, Rachel J. Parsons, Michael J. Allen, Matthew B. Sullivan, Ben Tempe
Nature Communications.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Tools and methodology to in silico phage discovery in freshwater environments
Carlos Willian Dias Dantas, David Tavares Martins, Wylerson Guimarães Nogueira, Oscar Victor Cardenas Alegria, Rommel Thiago Jucá Ramos
Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A Pseudomonas Lysogenic Bacteriophage Crossing the Antarctic and Arctic, Representing a New Genus of Autographiviridae
Zhenyu Liu, Wenhui Jiang, Cholsong Kim, Xiaoya Peng, Cong Fan, Yingliang Wu, Zhixiong Xie, Fang Peng
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(8): 7662. CrossRef
Evaluation of the ABL NGS assay for HIV-1 drug resistance testing
Thomas Lhossein, Karine Sylvain, Véronique Descamps, Virginie Morel, Baptiste Demey, Etienne Brochot
Heliyon.2023; 9(11): e22210. CrossRef
Human virome: Implications in cancer
Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo, Patricia Guevara-Ramírez, Santiago Cadena-Ullauri, Elius Paz-Cruz, Viviana A. Ruiz-Pozo, Ana Karina Zambrano
Heliyon.2023; 9(3): e14086. CrossRef
Metaviromics analysis of marine biofilm reveals a glycoside hydrolase endolysin with high specificity towards Acinetobacter baumannii
Georgios E. Premetis, Nikolaos D. Georgakis, Angeliki Stathi, Nikolaos E. Labrou
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics.2023; 1871(4): 140918. CrossRef
Comparative genomic analysis of five freshwater cyanophages and reference-guided metagenomic data mining
Kang Du, Feng Yang, Jun-Tao Zhang, Rong-Cheng Yu, Ziqing Deng, Wei-Fang Li, Yuxing Chen, Qiong Li, Cong-Zhao Zhou
Microbiome.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Phage-Host Prediction Using a Computational Tool Coupled with 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing
Harilanto Felana Andrianjakarivony, Yvan Bettarel, Fabrice Armougom, Christelle Desnues
Viruses.2022; 15(1): 76. CrossRef
Omics-based microbiome analysis in microbial ecology: from sequences to information
Jang-Cheon Cho
Journal of Microbiology.2021; 59(3): 229. CrossRef

The functional study of human proteins using humanized yeast: Seho Kim , Juhee Park , Taekyung Kim , Jung-Shin Lee; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(5):343-349. Published online April 27, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0136-y

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Abstract

The functional and optimal expression of genes is crucial for survival of all living organisms. Numerous experiments and efforts have been performed to reveal the mechanisms required for the functional and optimal expression of human genes. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has evolved independently of humans for billions of years. Nevertheless, S. cerevisiae has many conserved genes and expression mechanisms that are similar to those in humans. Yeast is the most commonly used model organism for studying the function and expression mechanisms of human genes because it has a relatively simple genome structure, which is easy to manipulate. Many previous studies have focused on understanding the functions and mechanisms of human proteins using orthologous genes and biological systems of yeast. In this review, we mainly introduce two recent studies that replaced human genes and nucleosomes with those of yeast. Here, we suggest that, although yeast is a relatively small eukaryotic cell, its humanization is useful for the direct study of human proteins. In addition, yeast can be used as a model organism in a broader range of studies, including drug screening.

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A Humanized Yeast Model for Studying TRAPP Complex Mutations; Proof-of-Concept Using Variants from an Individual with a TRAPPC1-Associated Neurodevelopmental Syndrome
Erta Zykaj, Chelsea Abboud, Paria Asadi, Simane Warsame, Hashem Almousa, Miroslav P. Milev, Brittany M. Greco, Marcos López-Sánchez, Drago Bratkovic, Aashiq H. Kachroo, Luis Alberto Pérez-Jurado, Michael Sacher
Cells.2024; 13(17): 1457. CrossRef
Humanization reveals pervasive incompatibility of yeast and human kinetochore components
Guðjón Ólafsson, Max A B Haase, Jef D Boeke, G Brown
G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of Non-Thermal Plasma on Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Peter Polčic, Zdenko Machala
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(5): 2247. CrossRef
Next Generation Winemakers: Genetic Engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Trendy Challenges
Patricia Molina-Espeja
Bioengineering.2020; 7(4): 128. CrossRef

Journal Article

Rhizocompartments and environmental factors affect microbial composition and variation in native plants: Myung-Suk Kang , Moonsuk Hur , Soo-Je Park; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(7):550-561. Published online June 27, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8646-1

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Abstract

Molecular analysis based on large-scale sequencing of the plant microbiota has revealed complex relationships between plants and microbial communities, and environmental factors such as soil type can influence these relationships. However, most studies on root-associated microbial communities have focused on model plants such as Arabidopsis, rice or crops. Herein, we examined the microbiota of rhizocompartments of two native plants, Sedum takesimense Nakai and Campanula takesimana Nakai, using archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon profiling, and assessed relationships between environmental factors and microbial community composition. We identified 390 bacterial genera, including known plant-associated genera such as Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium, and uncharacterized clades such as DA101 that might be important in root-associated microbial communities in bulk soil. Unexpectedly, Nitrososphaera clade members were abundant, indicating functional association with roots. Soil texture/type has a greater impact on microbial community composition in rhizocompartments than chemical factors. Our results provide fundamental knowledge on microbial diversity, community and correlations with environmental factors, and expand our understanding of the microbiota in rhizocompartments of native plants.

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Ammonium bicarbonate alleviates apple replant disease: Inhibiting Fusarium and improving soil environment
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Regulation of root-associated microbiomes and root exudates by different tobacco species
Mengli Gu, Jingjing Jin, Peng Lu, Shizhou Yu, Huan Su, Haihong Shang, Zhixiao Yang, Jianfeng Zhang, Peijian Cao, Jiemeng Tao
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Land-use change alters the bacterial community structure, but not forest management
Viviana Rodríguez Rivera, Yendi E. Navarro-Noya, Luc Dendooven, Marco Luna Guido
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Tomato-Associated Archaea Show a Cultivar-Specific Rhizosphere Effect but an Unspecific Transmission by Seeds
Julian Taffner, Alessandro Bergna, Tomislav Cernava, Gabriele Berg
Phytobiomes Journal.2020; 4(2): 133. CrossRef
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Journal of Microbiology.2020; 58(11): 906. CrossRef

Reviews

Minireview] Electron microscopic observations of prokaryotic surface appendages: Ki Woo Kim; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(12):919-926. Published online December 7, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-7369-4

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Abstract

Prokaryotic microbes possess a variety of appendages on their cell surfaces. The most commonly known surface appendages of bacteria include flagella, pili, curli, and spinae. Although archaea have archaella (archaeal flagella) and various types of pili that resemble those in bacteria, cannulae, and hami are unique to archaea. Typically involved in cell motility, flagella, the thickest appendages, are 20–26 nm and 10–14 nm wide in bacteria and archaea, respectively. Bacterial and archaeal pili are distinguished by their thin, short, hair-like structures. Curli appear as coiled and aggregative thin fibers, whereas spinae are tubular structures 50–70 nm in diameter in bacteria. Cannulae are characterized by ~25 nm-wide tubules that enter periplasmic spaces and connect neighboring archaeal cells. Hami are 1–3 μm in length and similar to barbed grappling hooks for attachment to bacteria. Recent advances in specimen preparation methods and image processing techniques have made cryo-transmission electron microscopy an essential tool for in situ structural analysis of microbes and their extracellular structures.

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Mechanism of escape from the antibacterial activity of metal-based nanoparticles in clinically relevant bacteria: A systematic review
Marco Felipe Salas-Orozco, Ana Cecilia Lorenzo-Leal, Idania de Alba Montero, Nuria Patiño Marín, Miguel Angel Casillas Santana, Horacio Bach
Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine.2024; 55: 102715. CrossRef
Symbiotic Interactions of Archaea in Animal and Human Microbiomes
Nancy Weiland-Bräuer
Current Clinical Microbiology Reports.2023; 10(4): 161. CrossRef
Jejubacter calystegiae gen. nov., sp. nov., moderately halophilic, a new member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, isolated from beach morning glory
Lingmin Jiang, Dexin Wang, Jung-Sook Lee, Dae-Hyuk Kim, Jae Cheol Jeong, Cha Young Kim, Suk Weon Kim, Jiyoung Lee
Journal of Microbiology.2020; 58(5): 357. CrossRef
Role of Bacterial Cytoskeleton and Other Apparatuses in Cell Communication
Divya Singhi, Preeti Srivastava
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
A versatile remote control system for functional expression of bacterial virulence genes based on the tetA promoter
Marc Schulte, Torsten Sterzenbach, Katarzyna Miskiewicz, Laura Elpers, Michael Hensel, Nicole Hansmeier
International Journal of Medical Microbiology.2019; 309(1): 54. CrossRef
Paracoccus jeotgali sp. nov., isolated from Korean salted and fermented shrimp
Juseok Kim, Joon Yong Kim, Hye Seon Song, In-Tae Cha, Seong Woon Roh, Se Hee Lee
Journal of Microbiology.2019; 57(6): 444. CrossRef

Minireview] The History of Aerobic Ammonia Oxidizers: from the First Discoveries to Today: Maria Monteiro , Joana Séneca , Catarina Magalhães; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(7):537-547. Published online June 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-4114-0

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Abstract

Nitrification, the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and nitrate, has long been considered a central biological process in the global nitrogen cycle, with its first description dated 133 years ago. Until 2005, bacteria were considered the only organisms capable of nitrification. However, the recent discovery of a chemoautotrophic ammonia-oxidizing archaeon, Nitrosopumilusmaritimus, changed our concept of the range of organisms involved in nitrification, highlighting the importance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) as potential players in global biogeochemical nitrogen transformations. The uniqueness of these archaea justified the creation of a novel archaeal phylum, Thaumarchaeota. These recent discoveries increased the global scientific interest within the microbial ecology society and have triggered an analysis of the importance of bacterial vs archaeal ammonia oxidation in a wide range of natural ecosystems. In thismini review we provide a chronological perspective of the current knowledge on the ammonia oxidation pathway of nitrification, based on the main physiological, ecological and genomic discoveries.

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Canonical ammonia oxidizers and comammox Clade A play active roles in nitrification in a black soil at different pH and ammonium concentrations
Xin Bai, Xiaojing Hu, Junjie Liu, Zhenhua Yu, Jian Jin, Xiaobing Liu, Guanghua Wang
Biology and Fertility of Soils.2024; 60(4): 471. CrossRef
Chromolaena odorata affects soil nitrogen transformations and competition in tropical coral islands by altering soil ammonia oxidizing microbes
Chengzhi Yuan, Jia Gao, Luping Huang, Shuguang Jian
Science of The Total Environment.2024; 950: 175196. CrossRef
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Soils and sediments host Thermoplasmata archaea encoding novel copper membrane monooxygenases (CuMMOs)
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The ISME Journal.2022; 16(5): 1348. CrossRef
Reactive Transport of NH4+ in the Hyporheic Zone from the Ground Water to the Surface Water
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Water.2022; 14(8): 1237. CrossRef
Liming and grazing intensities effects on soil mineral nitrogen throughout the pasture cycle in a subtropical integrated crop-livestock system
Felipe Dalla-zen Bertol, Amanda Posselt Martins, Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira Denardin, Taise Robinson Kunrath, William de Souza, Mateus Westerhofer Goulart, Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho, Ibanor Anghinoni
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Novel database and cut-off value for bacterial amoA gene revealed a spatial variability pattern of the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria community from river to sea
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Marine Pollution Bulletin.2022; 185: 114351. CrossRef
Metabolic Diversity and Aero-Tolerance in Anammox Bacteria from Geochemically Distinct Aquifers
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Recent advancements in the biological treatment of high strength ammonia wastewater
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Responses of Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea and Bacteria in Malodorous River Sediments to Different Remediation Techniques
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Community diversity and abundance of ammonia‐oxidizing archaea and bacteria in shrimp pond sediment at different culture stages
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Journal Article

Microbial Community Analysis of a Coastal Hot Spring in Kagoshima, Japan, Using Molecular- and Culture-based Approaches: Minako Nishiyama , Shuichi Yamamoto , Norio Kurosawa; J. Microbiol. 2013;51(4):413-422. Published online August 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-013-2419-z

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Abstract: Ibusuki hot spring is located on the coastline of Kagoshima Bay, Japan. The hot spring water is characterized by high salinity, high temperature, and neutral pH. The hot spring is covered by the sea during high tide, which leads to severe fluctuations in several environmental variables. A combination of molecular- and culture-based techniques was used to determine the bacterial and archaeal diversity of the hot spring. A total of 48 thermophilic bacterial strains were isolated from two sites (Site 1: 55.6°C; Site 2: 83.1°C) and they were categorized into six groups based on their 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Two groups (including 32 isolates) demonstrated low sequence similarity with published species, suggesting that they might represent novel taxa. The 148 clones from the Site 1 bacterial library included 76 operational taxonomy units (OTUs; 97% threshold), while 132 clones from the Site 2 bacterial library included 31 OTUs. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were frequently detected in both clone libraries. The clones were related to thermophilic, mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria. Approximately half of the sequences in bacterial clone libraries shared <92% sequence similarity with their closest sequences in a public database, suggesting that the Ibusuki hot spring may harbor a unique and novel bacterial community. By contrast, 77 clones from the Site 2 archaeal library contained only three OTUs, most of which were affiliated with Thaumarchaeota.

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts

Characterization of the Bacterial and Archaeal Communities in Rice Field Soils Subjected to Long-Term Fertilization Practices: Jae-Hyung Ahn , Jaekyeong Song , Byung-Yong Kim , Myung-Sook Kim , Jae-Ho Joa , Hang-Yeon Weon; J. Microbiol. 2012;50(5):754-765. Published online November 4, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-2409-6

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115 Scopus

Abstract: The bacterial and archaeal communities in rice field soils subjected to different fertilization regimes for 57 years were investigated in two different seasons, a non-planted, drained season (April) and a rice-growing, flooded season (August), by performing soil dehydrogenase assay, real-time PCR assay and pyrosequencing analysis. All fertilization regimes increased the soil dehydrogenase activity while the abundances of bacteria and archaea increased in the plots receiving inorganic fertilizers plus compost and not in those receiving inorganic fertilizers only. Rice-growing and flooding decreased the soil dehydrogenase activity while they increased the bacterial diversity in rice field soils. The bacterial communities were dominated by Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria and the archaeal communities by Crenarchaeota at the phylum level. In principal coordinates analysis based on the weighted Fast UniFrac metric, the bacterial and archaeal communities were separated primarily by season, and generally distributed along with soil pH, the variation of which had been caused by long-term fertilization. Variations in the relative abundance according to the season or soil pH were observed for many bacterial and archaeal groups. In conclusion, the microbial activity, prokaryotic abundance and diversity, and prokaryotic community structure in the rice field soils were changed by season and long-term fertilization.

Seasonal Changes in Nitrogen-Cycle Gene Abundances and in Bacterial Communities in Acidic Forest Soils: Jaejoon Jung , Jinki Yeom , Jiwon Han , Jisun Kim , Woojun Park; J. Microbiol. 2012;50(3):365-373. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-1465-2

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47 Scopus

Abstract: The abundance of genes related to the nitrogen biogeochemical cycle and the microbial community in forest soils (bacteria, archaea, fungi) were quantitatively analyzed via real-time PCR using 11 sets of specific primers amplifying nifH, bacterial amoA, archaeal amoA, narG, nirS, nirK, norB, nosZ, bacterial 16S rRNA gene, archaeal 16S rRNA gene, and the ITS sequence of fungi. Soils were sampled from Bukhan Mountain from September of 2010 to July of 2011 (7 times). Bacteria were the predominant microbial community in all samples. However, the abundance of archaeal amoA was greater than bacterial amoA throughout the year. The abundances of nifH, nirS, nirK, and norB genes changed in a similar pattern, while narG and nosZ appeared in sensitive to the environmental changes. Clone libraries of bacterial 16S rRNA genes were constructed from summer and winter soil samples and these revealed that Acidobacteria was the most predominant phylum in acidic forest soil environments in both samples. Although a specific correlation of environmental factor and gene abundance was not verified by principle component analysis, our data suggested that the combination of biological, physical, and chemical characteristics of forest soils created distinct conditions favoring the nitrogen biogeochemical cycle and that bacterial communities in undisturbed acidic forest soils were quite stable during seasonal change.

Diversity of Bovine Rumen Methanogens In Vitro in the Presence of Condensed Tannins, as Determined by Sequence Analysis of 16S rRNA Gene Library: Hui Yin Tan , Chin Chin Sieo , Chin Mei Lee , Norhani Abdullah , Juan Boo Liang , Yin Wan Ho; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(3):492-498. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-0319-7

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18 Scopus

Abstract: Molecular diversity of rumen archaeal populations from bovine rumen fluid incubated with or without condensed tannins was investigated using 16S rRNA gene libraries. The predominant order of rumen archaea in the 16S rRNA gene libraries of the control and condensed tannins treatment was found to belong to a novel group of rumen archaea that is distantly related to the order Thermoplasmatales, with 59.5% (15 phylotypes) and 81.43% (21 phylotypes) of the total clones from the control and treatment clone libraries, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene library of the control was found to have higher proportions of methanogens from the orders Methanomicrobiales (32%) and Methanobacteriales (8.5%) as compared to those found in the condensed tannins treatment clone library in both orders (16.88% and 1.68% respectively). The phylotype distributed in the order Methanosarcinales was only found in the control clone library. The study indicated that condensed tannins could alter the diversity of bovine rumen methanogens.

Characterization of Hyperthermostable Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase from Thermococcus onnurineus NA1: Yeol Gyun Lee , Sung Gyun Kang , Jung-Hyun Lee , Seung Il Kim , Young-Ho Chung; J. Microbiol. 2010;48(6):803-807. Published online January 9, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-0377-2

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Abstract: To understand the physiological functions of thermostable fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (TNA1-Fbp) from Thermococcus onnurineus NA1, its recombinant enzyme was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and the enzymatic properties were characterized. The enzyme showed maximal activity for fructose-1,6- bisphosphate at 95°C and pH 8.0 with a half-life (t1/2) of about 8 h. TNA1-Fbp had broad substrate specificities for fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and its analogues including fructose-1-phosphate, glucose-1-phosphate, and phosphoenolpyruvate. In addition, its enzyme activity was increased five-fold by addition of 1 mM Mg2+, while Li+ did not enhance enzymatic activity. TNA1-Fbp activity was inhibited by ATP, ADP, and phosphoenolpyruvate, but AMP up to 100 mM did not have any effect. TNA1-Fbp is currently defined as a class V fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) because it is very similar to FBPase of Thermococcus kodakaraensis KOD1 based on sequence homology. However, this enzyme shows a different range of substrate specificities. These results suggest that TNA1-Fbp can establish new criterion for class V FBPases.

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