Journal of Microbiology

Journal Article

Bile salt hydrolase-mediated inhibitory effect of Bacteroides ovatus on growth of Clostridium difficile: Soobin Yoon , Junsun Yu , Andrea McDowell , Sung Ho Kim , Hyun Ju You , GwangPyo Ko; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(11):892-899. Published online October 27, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-7340-4

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Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most common nosocomial infections. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota due to consumption of antibiotics is a major contributor to CDI. Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been applied to treat CDI. However, FMT has important limitations including uncontrolled exposure to pathogens and standardization issues. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate alternative treatment methods, such as bacteriotherapy, as well as the mechanism through which beneficial bacteria inhibit the growth of C. difficile. Here, we report bile acid-mediated inhibition of C. difficile by Bacteroides strains which can produce bile salt hydrolase (BSH). Bacteroides strains are not commonly used to treat CDI; however, as they comprise a large proportion of the intestinal microbiota, they can contribute to bile acid-mediated inhibition of C. difficile. The inhibitory effect on C. difficile growth increased with increasing bile acid concentration in the presence of Bacteroides ovatus SNUG 40239. Furthermore, this inhibitory effect on C. difficile growth was significantly attenuated when bile acid availability was reduced by cholestyramine, a bile acid sequestrant. The findings of this study are important due to the discovery of a new bacterial strain that in the presence of available bile acids inhibits growth of C. difficile. These
results
will facilitate development of novel bacteriotherapy strategies to control CDI.

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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

NOTE] Assessment of Conjugal Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Salmonella Typhimurium Exposed to Bile Salts: Xinlong He , Juhee Ahn; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(8):716-719. Published online April 11, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-3340-9

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Abstract

This study was designed to evaluate the transfer potential of antibiotic resistance genes in antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium (S. TyphimuriumR) in the presence of bile salts. The resistance of S. TyphimuriumR to ampicillin, kanamycin, and tetracycline was increased by 64-, 64-, and 512-fold, respectively. The highest transfer frequency from S. TyphimuriumR to Escherichia coli was observed at the bile salt concentration of 160 μg/ml (3.8 × 10-3 transferrants/cells). The expression of traJ and traY was suppressed in S. TyphimuriumR by bile salt. This study provides useful information for understanding the conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in S. Typhimurium under intestinal conditions.

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