Journal of Microbiology

Review

cAMP Activation of the cAMP Receptor Protein, a Model Bacterial Transcription Factor: Hwan Youn , Marcus Carranza; J. Microbiol. 2023;61(3):277-287. Published online March 9, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-023-00028-6

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The active and inactive structures of the Escherichia coli cAMP receptor protein (CRP), a model bacterial transcr!ption factor, are compared to generate a paradigm in the cAMP-induced activation of CRP. The resulting paradigm is shown to be consistent with numerous biochemical studies of CRP and CRP*, a group of CRP mutants displaying cAMP-free activity. The cAMP affinity of CRP is dictated by two factors: (i) the effectiveness of the cAMP pocket and (ii) the protein equilibrium of apo-CRP. How these two factors interplay in determining the cAMP affinity and cAMP specificity of CRP and CRP* mutants are discussed. Both the current understanding and knowledge gaps of CRP-DNA interactions are also described. This review ends with a list of several important CRP issues that need to be addressed in the future.

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Unexpected Requirement of Small Amino Acids at Position 183 for DNA Binding in the Escherichia coli cAMP Receptor Protein
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Journal Article

Development of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) thermal inactivation method with preservation of diagnostic sensitivity: Young-Il Kim , Mark Anthony B. Casel , Se-Mi Kim , Seong-Gyu Kim , Su-Jin Park , Eun-Ha Kim , Hye Won Jeong , Haryoung Poo , Young Ki Choi; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(10):886-891. Published online September 29, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0335-6

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Abstract

Various treatments and agents had been reported to inactivate RNA viruses. Of these, thermal inactivation is generally considered an effective and cheap method of sample preparation for downstream assays. The purpose of this study is to establish a safe inactivation method for SARS-CoV-2 without compromising the amount of amplifiable viral genome necessary for clinical diagnoses. In this study, we demonstrate the infectivity and genomic stability of SARSCoV- 2 by thermal inactivation at both 56°C and 65°C. The
results
substantiate that viable SARS-CoV-2 is readily inactivated when incubated at 56°C for 30 min or at 65°C for 10 min. qRT-PCR of specimens heat-inactivated at 56°C for 30 min or 65°C for 15 min revealed similar genomic RNA stability compared with non-heat inactivated specimens. Further, we demonstrate that 30 min of thermal inactivation at 56°C could inactivate viable viruses from clinical COVID-19 specimens without attenuating the qRT-PCR diagnostic sensitivity. Heat treatment of clinical specimens from COVID-19 patients at 56°C for 30 min or 65°C for 15 min could be a useful
method
for the inactivation of a highly contagious agent, SARS-CoV-2. Use of this method would reduce the potential for secondary infections in BSL2 conditions during diagnostic procedures. Importantly, infectious virus can be inactivated in clinical specimens without compromising the sensitivity of the diagnostic RT-PCR assay.

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