Journal of Microbiology

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Negative regulation of the acsA1 gene encoding the major acetyl-CoA synthetase by cAMP receptor protein in Mycobacterium smegmatis: Eon-Min Ko , Yuna Oh , Jeong-Il Oh; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(12):1139-1152. Published online October 24, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2347-x

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Acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) is the enzyme that irreversibly catalyzes the synthesis of acetyl-CoA from acetate, CoA-SH, and ATP via acetyl-AMP as an intermediate. In this study, we demonstrated that AcsA1 (MSMEG_6179) is the predominantly expressed ACS among four ACSs (MSMEG_6179, MSMEG_0718, MSMEG_3986, and MSMEG_5650) found in Mycobacterium smegmatis and that a deletion mutation of acsA1 in M. smegmatis led to its compromised growth on acetate as the sole carbon source. Expression of acsA1 was demonstrated to be induced during growth on acetate as the sole carbon source. The acsA1 gene was shown to be negatively regulated by Crp1 (MSMEG_6189) that is the major cAMP receptor protein (CRP) in M. smegmatis. Using DNase I footprinting analysis and site-directed mutagenesis, a CRPbinding site (GGTGA-N6-TCACA) was identified in the upstream regulatory region of acsA1, which is important for repression of acsA1 expression. We also demonstrated that inhibition of the respiratory electron transport chain by inactivation of the major terminal oxidase, aa3 cytochrome c oxidase, led to a decrease in acsA1 expression probably through the activation of CRP. In conclusion, AcsA1 is the major ACS in M. smegmatis and its gene is under the negative regulation of Crp1, which contributes to some extent to the induction of acsA1 expression under acetate conditions. The growth of M. smegmatis is severely impaired on acetate as the sole carbon source under respiration-inhibitory conditions.

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Inhibitory activity and antioomycete mechanism of citral against Phytophthora capsici
Kaidi Cui, Yinan Wang, Mengke Wang, Te Zhao, Fulong Zhang, Leiming He, Lin Zhou
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology.2024; 204: 106067. CrossRef
Mycobacterial Regulatory Systems Involved in the Regulation of Gene Expression Under Respiration-Inhibitory Conditions
Yuna Oh, Ha-Na Lee, Eon-Min Ko, Ji-A Jeong, Sae Woong Park, Jeong-Il Oh
Journal of Microbiology.2023; 61(3): 297. CrossRef

Oxidative stress response of Deinococcus geothermalis via a cystine importer: Minwook Kim , Sunwook Jeong , Sangyong Lim , Jeonggu Sim , Ho-Gun Rhie , Sung-Jae Lee; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(2):137-146. Published online January 26, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-6382-y

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Abstract

A cystine-dependent anti-oxidative stress response is characterized in Deinococcus geothermalis for the first time. Nevertheless, the same transcriptional directed Δdgeo_1985F mutant strain was revealed to have an identical phenotype to the wild-type strain, while the reverse transcriptional directed Δdgeo_1985R mutant strain was more resistant to oxidative stress at a certain concentration of H2O2 than the wild-type strain. The wild-type and mutant strains expressed equal levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase under H2O2-induced stress. Although the expression levels of the general DNAdamage response-related genes recA, pprA, ddrA, and ddrB were up-regulated by more than five-fold in the wild-type strain relative to the Δdgeo_1985R mutant strain, the mutant strain had a higher survival rate than the wild-type under H2O2 stress. The Δdgeo_1985R mutant strain highly expressed a cystine-transporter gene (dgeo_1986), at levels 150-fold higher than the wild-type strain, leading to the conclusion that this cystine transporter might be involved in the defensive response to H2O2 stress. In this study, the cystine transporter was identified and characterized through membrane protein expression analysis, a cystine-binding assay, and assays of intracellular H2O2, cysteine, and thiol levels. The genedisrupted mutant strain of the cystine importer revealed high sensitivity to H2O2 and less absorbed cystine, resulting in low concentrations of total thiol. Thus, the absorbed cystine via this cystine-specific importer may be converted into cysteine, which acts as a primitive defense substrate that non-enzymatically scavenges oxidative stress agents in D. geothermalis.

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The Mechanism of Zinc Oxide in Alleviating Diarrhea in Piglets after Weaning: A Review from the Perspective of Intestinal Barrier Function
Xiaopeng Tang, Kangning Xiong, Yan Zeng, Rejun Fang
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(18): 10040. CrossRef
The Transposition of Insertion Sequences in Sigma-Factor- and LysR-Deficient Mutants of Deinococcus geothermalis
Ji Hyun Park, Sohee Lee, Eunjung Shin, Sama Abdi Nansa, Sung-Jae Lee
Microorganisms.2024; 12(2): 328. CrossRef
Transposition of insertion sequences by dielectric barrier discharge plasma and gamma irradiation in the radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis
Qianying Ye, Eunjung Shin, Chanjae Lee, Nakjun Choi, Yeonho Kim, Ki Sun Yoon, Sung-Jae Lee
Journal of Microbiological Methods.2022; 196: 106473. CrossRef
Proteomic profiling of Deinococcus radiodurans with response to thioredoxin reductase inhibitor and ionizing radiation treatment
Sudharsan M, Rajendra Prasad N, Anindita Chakraborty, Saravanan Rajendrasozhan
Journal of Proteomics.2022; 267: 104697. CrossRef
Influence of Redox Imbalances on the Transposition of Insertion Sequences in Deinococcus geothermalis
Qianying Ye, Chanjae Lee, Eunjung Shin, Sung-Jae Lee
Antioxidants.2021; 10(10): 1623. CrossRef
Active Transposition of Insertion Sequences by Oxidative Stress in Deinococcus geothermalis
Chanjae Lee, Kyungsil Choo, Sung-Jae Lee
Frontiers in Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Oxidative stress-mediated genotoxic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on Deinococcus radiodurans
Ragini Singh, Shuang Cheng, Sanjay Singh
3 Biotech.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Redox potential change by the cystine importer affected on enzymatic antioxidant protection in Deinococcus geothermalis
Kyungsil Choo, Minwook Kim, Sama Abdi Nansa, Min K. Bae, Chanjae Lee, Sung-Jae Lee
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.2020; 113(6): 779. CrossRef
Transposition of Insertion Sequences was Triggered by Oxidative Stress in Radiation-Resistant Bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis
Chanjae Lee, Nakjun Choi, Min K. Bae, Kyungsil Choo, Sung-Jae Lee
Microorganisms.2019; 7(10): 446. CrossRef
Conservation and diversity of radiation and oxidative stress resistance mechanisms inDeinococcusspecies
Sangyong Lim, Jong-Hyun Jung, Laurence Blanchard, Arjan de Groot
FEMS Microbiology Reviews.2019; 43(1): 19. CrossRef
Metabolic Alternations of Amino Acids, γ-Aminobutyric Acid, and Salicylic Acid in Solanum lycopersicum (L.) Following Preplanting Seedling Spray with Salicylic Acid
Hari C. Meher, Ghanendra Singh, Gautam Chawla
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.2018; 66(46): 12236. CrossRef

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Phylogenetic Diversity of Bacteria in an Earth-Cave in Guizhou Province, Southwest of China: JunPei Zhou , YingQi Gu , ChangSong Zou , MingHe Mo; J. Microbiol. 2007;45(2):105-112.; DOI: https://doi.org/2526 [pii]

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Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze the phylogenetic composition of bacterial community in the soil of an earth-cave (Niu Cave) using a culture-independent molecular approach. 16S rRNA genes were amplified directly from soil DNA with universally conserved and Bacteria-specific rRNA gene primers and cloned. The clone library was screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and representative rRNA gene sequences were determined. A total of 115 bacterial sequence types were found in 190 analyzed clones. Phylogenetic sequence analyses revealed novel 16S rRNA gene sequence types and a high diversity of putative bacterial community. Members of these bacteria included Proteobacteria (42.6%), Acidobacteria (18.6%), Planctomycetes (9.0%), Chloroflexi (Green nonsulfur bacteria, 7.5%), Bacteroidetes (2.1%), Gemmatimonadetes (2.7%), Nitrospirae (8.0%), Actinobacteria (High G+C Gram-positive bacteria, 6.4%) and candidate divisions (including the OP3, GN08, and SBR1093, 3.2%). Thirty-five clones were affiliated with bacteria that were related to nitrogen, sulfur, iron or manganese cycles. The comparison of the present data with the data obtained previously from caves based on 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed similarities in the bacterial community components, especially in the high abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria. Furthermore, this study provided the novel evidence for presence of Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrosomonadales, Oceanospirillales, and Rubrobacterales in a karstic hypogean environment.

Diversity of Actinomycetes Antagonistic to Plant pathogenic Fungi in Cave and Sea-Mud Soils of Korea: Kim, Beom Seok , Lee, Jung Yeop , Hwang, Byung Kook; J. Microbiol. 1998;36(2):86-92.

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Abstract: To isolate actinomycetes antagonistic to plant pathogenic fungi, soil samples were collected from caves and sea-shores in Korea. The 481 actinomycetes were isolated from the soil samples examined, representing more than 50% of total counts. Nocardioform actinomycetes were rare actinomycete genera. Saccharomonospora could be isolated only in 3 cave soil samples from Cheondong, Kosoo, and Nodong, but was not present in all the sea-mud soils examined. Dactylosporangium, Saccharomonospora, and Streptosporangium were very rare in both cave and sea-mud soils. The 311 of 481 actinomycete isolates inhibited the mycelial growth of at least one of the tested fungi. The isolation rates of antagonistic actinomycetes from cave soils ranged from 45.7% to 78%, and those of sea-mud soils were from 59.1% to 66.0%. The 96 of 136 Streptomyces isolates from cave soils, and 93 of 133 isolates from sea-mud soils showed antifungal activity. The proportion of antagonistic isolates of Nocardioform actinomycetes (13.6%) was lower than that of other genera. Among the actinomycetes from sea-mud soils, Dactylosporangium and Streptosporangium had highest proportions of actinomycete antagonists of 85.7% and 80%, respectively. The isolation rate of Nocardioform antagonist from sea-mud soils was 11.1% similar in the cabve soils. Streptomyces strains showed higher antifungal activities against plant pathogenic fungi than did other rare actinomycete antagonists.

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