Journal of Microbiology

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Chlorothalonil-Biotransformation by Glutathione S-Transferase of Escherichia coli: Young-Mog Kim , Kunbawui Park , Soon-Hyun Jung , Jun-Ho Choi , Won-Chan Kim , Gil-Jae Joo , In-Koo Rhee; J. Microbiol. 2004;42(1):42-46.; DOI: https://doi.org/2002 [pii]

Abstract: It has recently been reported that one of the most important factors of yeast resistance to the fungicide chlorothalonil is the glutathione contents and the catalytic efficiency of glutathione S-transferase (GST) (Shin et al., 2003). GST is known to catalyze the conjugation of glutathione to a wide variety of xenobiotics, resulting in detoxification. In an attempt to elucidate the relation between chlorothalonil detoxification and GST, the GST of Escherichia coli was expressed and purified. The drug hypersensitive E. coli KAM3 cells harboring a plasmid for the overexpression of the GST gene can grow in the presence of chlorothalonil. The purified GST showed chlorothalonil-biotransformation activity in the presence of glutathione. Thus, chlorothalonil is detoxified by the mechanism of glutathione conjugation catalyzed by GST.

Resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Fungicide Chlorothalonil: Jae-Ho Shin , Young-Mog Kim , Jong-Woo Park , Jang-Eok Kim , In-Koo Rhee; J. Microbiol. 2003;41(3):219-223.

Abstract: The toxicity of chlorothalonil on the growth of yeasts was investigated using several yeast strains. An alcohol tolerant yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae F38-1, was the most chlorothalonil-tolerant. The glutathione content and the glutathione S-transferase activity were related to the chlorothalonil-tolerant phenotype. Several thiol compounds affect the dissipation of chlorothalonil. However, there was no significant difference on the effects of chlorothalonil dissipation among the thiol compounds tested. The growth of yeast cells was arrested by chlorothalonil. It took about 13 h to dissipate 1 mg/l of chlorothalonil, and the growth was restored as the chlorothalonil content decreased. The glutathione content and glutathione S-transferase are suggested to be among the most important factors of yeast resistance to chlorothalonil.

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