An anaerobic, rod-shaped, mesophilic, chemolithoautotrophic,
sulfate-reducing bacterial strain IOR2T was isolated from
a newly found deep-sea hydrothermal vent (OVF, Onnuri
Vent Field) area in the central Indian Ocean ridge (11°2488
S 66°2542E, 2021 m water depth). The 16S rRNA gene sequence
analysis revealed that the strain IOR2T was most closely
related to Desulfovibrio senegalensis BLaC1T (96.7%).
However, it showed low similarity with the members of the
family Desulfovibrionaceae, such as Desulfovibrio tunisiensis
RB22T (94.0%), D. brasiliensis LVform1T (93.9%), D. halophilus
DSM 5663T (93.7%), and Pseudodesulfovibrio aespoeensis
Aspo-2T (93.2%). The strain IOR2T could grow at 23–
42°C (optimum 37°C), pH 5.0–8.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and
with 0.5–6.5% (optimum 3.0%) NaCl. The strain could use
lactate, pyruvate, H2, and glycerol as electron donors and sulfate,
thiosulfate, and sulfite as electron acceptors. The major
fatty acids of the strain IOR2T were iso-C15:0, iso-C17:0, anteiso-
C15:0, and summed feature 9 (C16:0 methyl/iso-C17:1ω9c).
Both the strains IOR2T and BLaC1T could grow with CO2 and
H2 as the sole sources of carbon and energy, respectively. Genomic
evidence for the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway in both
the strains reflects chemolithoautotrophic growth. The DNA
G + C content of the strain IOR2T and BLaC1T was 58.1–60.5
mol%. Based on the results of the phylogenetic and physiologic
studies, Paradesulfovibrio onnuriensis gen. nov., sp.
nov. with the type strain IOR2T (= KCTC 15845T = MCCC
1K04559T) was proposed to be a member of the family Desulfovibrionaceae.
We have also proposed the reclassification
of D. senegalensis as Paradesulfovibrio senegalensis comb. nov.
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designated YLB-03T, with peritrichous flagella was
isolated from deep-sea sediment of the Yap Trench at a depth
of 4435 m. The bacterium was found to be catalase-positive
but oxidase-negative. Growth of this bacterium was observed
at 15–50°C (optimum 37°C), pH 5–10.5 (optimum 7), 0–5%
NaCl (optimum 1%, w/v) and 0.1–50 MPa (optimum 0.1
MPa). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences
showed that strain YLB-03T was a member of the
genus Lysinibacillus. Strain YLB-03T was closely related to
Lysinibacillus sinduriensis BLB-1T and Lysinibacillus chungkukjangi
2RL3-2T (98.4%), Lysinibacillus halotolerans LAM-
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The principal fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0 and iso-C15:0. The
G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 39.6 mol%. The
respiratory quinone was determined to be MK-7. The diagnostic
amino acids in the cell wall peptidoglycan contained
Lys-Asp (type A4α) and the cell-wall sugars were glucose
and xylose. The polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol,
phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and an unidentified
phospholipid. The combined genotypic and phenotypic
data showed that strain YLB-03T represents a novel
species within the genus Lysinibacillus, for which the name
Lysinibacillus yapensis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type
strain YLB-03T (= MCCC 1A12698T = JCM 32871T).
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