Journal of Microbiology

Journal Articles

Inhibition of Virulence Associated Traits by β-Sitosterol Isolated from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Flowers Against Candida albicans: Mechanistic Insight and Molecular Docking Studies: Pallvi Mohana, Atamjit Singh, Farhana Rashid, Sharabjit Singh, Kirandeep Kaur, Rupali Rana, Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi, Neena Bedi, Rajinder Kaur, Saroj Arora; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(12):1165-1175. Published online November 6, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00174-5

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Abstract: The emerging drug resistance and lack of safer and more potent antifungal agents make Candida infections another hot topic in the healthcare system. At the same time, the potential of plant products in developing novel antifungal drugs is also in the limelight. Considering these facts, we have investigated the different extracts of the flowers of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis of the Malvaceae family for their antifungal efficacy against five different pathogenic Candida strains. Among the various extracts, the chloroform extract showed the maximum zone of inhibition (26.6 ± 0.5 mm) against the Candida albicans strain. Furthermore, the chloroform fraction was isolated, and a sterol compound was identified as β-sitosterol. Mechanistic studies were conducted to understand the mechanism of action, and the results showed that β-sitosterol has significant antifungal activity and is capable of interrupting biofilm formation and acts by inhibiting ergosterol biosynthesis in Candida albicans cells. Microscopic and molecular docking studies confirmed these findings. Overall, the study validates the antifungal efficacy of Candida albicans due to the presence of β-sitosterol which can act as an effective constituent for antifungal drug development individually or in combination.

Core promoter mutation of nucleotides A1762T and G1764A of hepatitis B virus increases core promoter transactivation by hepatocyte nuclear factor 1: Mi So Seong , Hyeon Jeong Hwang , Eun Ah Jang , Jeong Ah Jang , Wah Wah Aung , Yi Yi Kyaw , JaeHun Cheong; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(10):1039-1047. Published online September 27, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1675-1

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection highly increases the risk for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The clinical manifestation of HBV infection is determined by the mutual interplay of the viral genotype, host genetic factors, mode of transmission, adaptive mutations, and environmental factors. Core promoter activation plays a critical role in the pre-genomic RNA transcription of HBV for HBV replication. The mutations of core promoter have been implicated in HCC development. We had obtained HBV genes from Myanmar HBV infectants and identified gene variations at the core promoter region. For measuring the relative transactivation activity on core promoter, we prepared the core-promoter reporter construct. Both of A1762T and G1764A mutation were consistently found in the HBV genes with hepatocellular carcinoma. The A1762T/G1764A mutation was corresponding to K130M/V131I of HBx protein. We prepared the core promoter- luciferase reporter construct containing the double A1762T/G1764A mutation and the K130M/V131I HBx protein expression construct. The A1762T/G1764A mutation highly was responsive to core promoter transactivation by HBx, regardless of HBx mutation. The A1762T/G1764A mutation newly created hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF1) responsive element. Ectopic expression of HNF1 largely increased the HBV core promoter containing A1762T/G1764A mutation. In addition, hepatic rich fatty acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid, increased K130M/V131I HBx level by core promoter activation. These results provide biological properties and clinical significance of specific HBV core promoter mutants related with HCC development.

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A Survey of HBV Core/Pre-Core Mutations in Iraqi Patients with Chronic Hepatitis
Abdulhussain Kadhim Jwaziri, Maryam Esghaei, Mohammad Hadi Karbalaie Niya, Hadi Sayah, Mohammad Hossein Razizadeh, Ali Gholami, Leila Mousavizadeh, Hossein Keyvani
Hepatitis Monthly.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The A1762T/G1764A mutations enhance HBV replication by alternating viral transcriptome
Danli Yang, Jun Zou, Guiwen Guan, Xiaoyu Feng, Ting Zhang, Guixin Li, Hui Liu, Huiling Zheng, Jingyuan Xi, Guangxin Yu, Lizhong Dai, Fengmin Lu, Xiangmei Chen
Journal of Medical Virology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical application value of hepatitis B virus basal core promoter 1762/1764 and GGTII and GGT in patients with HBV-DNA-positive primary liver cancer
Shunhua Qiu, Lifen Jin, Dan Yang, Dewen Zhang
Medicine.2023; 102(43): e35699. CrossRef

Review

Microbial source tracking using metagenomics and other new technologies: Shahbaz Raza , Jungman Kim , Michael J. Sadowsky , Tatsuya Unno; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(3):259-269. Published online February 10, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-0668-9

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Abstract

The environment is under siege from a variety of pollution sources. Fecal pollution is especially harmful as it disperses pathogenic bacteria into waterways. Unraveling origins of mixed sources of fecal bacteria is difficult and microbial source tracking (MST) in complex environments is still a daunting task. Despite the challenges, the need for answers far outweighs the difficulties experienced. Advancements in qPCR and next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have shifted the traditional culture-based MST approaches towards culture independent technologies, where communitybased MST is becoming a method of choice. Metagenomic tools may be useful to overcome some of the limitations of community-based MST methods as they can give deep insight into identifying host specific fecal markers and their association with different environments. Adoption of machine learning (ML) algorithms, along with the metagenomic based MST approaches, will also provide a statistically robust and automated platform. To compliment that, ML-based approaches provide accurate optimization of resources. With the successful application of ML based models in disease prediction, outbreak investigation and medicine prescription, it would be possible that these methods would serve as a better surrogate of traditional MST approaches in future.

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Citations to this article as recorded by

Universal microbial indicators provide surveillance of sewage contamination in harbours worldwide
Sandra L. McLellan, Anthony Chariton, Annachiara Codello, Jill S. McClary-Gutierrez, Melissa K. Schussman, Ezequiel M. Marzinelli, Judith M. O’Neil, Eric J. Schott, Jennifer L. Bowen, Joe H. Vineis, Lois Maignien, Clarisse Lemonnier, Morgan Perennou, Kare
Nature Water.2024; 2(11): 1061. CrossRef
Integrating molecular microbial methods to improve faecal pollution management in rivers with designated bathing waters
Esther Karunakaran, Rick Battarbee, Simon Tait, Bruno Melo Brentan, Cathal Berney, James Grinham, Maria Angeles Herrero, Ronex Omolo, Isabel Douterelo
Science of The Total Environment.2024; 912: 168565. CrossRef
Application of Pan-Omics Technologies in Research on Important Economic Traits for Ruminants
Zhendong Gao, Ying Lu, Mengfei Li, Yuqing Chong, Jieyun Hong, Jiao Wu, Dongwang Wu, Dongmei Xi, Weidong Deng
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(17): 9271. CrossRef
decOM: similarity-based microbial source tracking of ancient oral samples using k-mer-based methods
Camila Duitama González, Riccardo Vicedomini, Téo Lemane, Nicolas Rascovan, Hugues Richard, Rayan Chikhi
Microbiome.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Unraveling the influence of human fecal pollution on antibiotic resistance gene levels in different receiving water bodies using crAssphage indicator gene
Zeyou Chen, Yujing Duan, Lichun Yin, Ying Chen, Yingang Xue, Xiaolong Wang, Daqing Mao, Yi Luo
Journal of Hazardous Materials.2023; 442: 130005. CrossRef
Have genetic targets for faecal pollution diagnostics and source tracking revolutionized water quality analysis yet?
Katalin Demeter, Rita Linke, Elisenda Ballesté, Georg Reischer, René E Mayer, Julia Vierheilig, Claudia Kolm, Margaret E Stevenson, Julia Derx, Alexander K T Kirschner, Regina Sommer, Orin C Shanks, Anicet R Blanch, Joan B Rose, Warish Ahmed, Andreas H Fa
FEMS Microbiology Reviews.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparative Microbial Community Analysis of Fur Seals and Aquaculture Salmon Gut Microbiomes in Tasmania
Erin D’Agnese, Ryan J. McLaughlin, Mary-Anne Lea, Esteban Soto, Woutrina A. Smith, John P. Bowman
Oceans.2023; 4(2): 200. CrossRef
Strategies for Monitoring Microbial Life in Beach Sand for Protection of Public Health
João Brandão, Elisabete Valério, Chelsea Weiskerger, Cristina Veríssimo, Konstantina Sarioglou, Monika Novak Babič, Helena M. Solo-Gabriele, Raquel Sabino, Maria Teresa Rebelo
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(9): 5710. CrossRef
Microbial Source Tracking: An Emerging Technology for Microbial Water Quality Assessment: A Review
Job, O.S., Bala, J.D., Abdulraham, A.A., Friday, N.N., Ibekie, S.A., Tsebam, C.J, Abudullahi, D.
UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR).2023; 8(1): 109. CrossRef
Local and Environmental Reservoirs ofSalmonella entericaAfter Hurricane Florence Flooding
Yuqing Mao, Mohamed Zeineldin, Moiz Usmani, Antarpreet Jutla, Joanna L. Shisler, Rachel J. Whitaker, Thanh H. Nguyen
GeoHealth.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Humans and Hoofed Livestock Are the Main Sources of Fecal Contamination of Rivers Used for Crop Irrigation: A Microbial Source Tracking Approach
Constanza Díaz-Gavidia, Carla Barría, Daniel L. Weller, Marilia Salgado-Caxito, Erika M. Estrada, Aníbal Araya, Leonardo Vera, Woutrina Smith, Minji Kim, Andrea I. Moreno-Switt, Jorge Olivares-Pacheco, Aiko D. Adell
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Interfacing Machine Learning and Microbial Omics: A Promising Means to Address Environmental Challenges
James M. W. R. McElhinney, Mary Krystelle Catacutan, Aurelie Mawart, Ayesha Hasan, Jorge Dias
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Role of gene sequencing for the diagnosis, tracking and prevention of bacterial infections
Renu Kumari, Benu Dhawan
Journal of The Academy of Clinical Microbiologists.2022; 24(S1): 8. CrossRef
Omics-based microbiome analysis in microbial ecology: from sequences to information
Jang-Cheon Cho
Journal of Microbiology.2021; 59(3): 229. CrossRef

Journal Article

User guide for the discovery of potential drugs via protein structure prediction and ligand docking simulation: Bilal Shaker , Myung-Sang Yu , Jingyu Lee , Yongmin Lee , Chanjin Jung , Dokyun Na; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(3):235-244. Published online February 27, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-9563-z

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Abstract

Due to accumulating protein structure information and advances in computational methodologies, it has now become possible to predict protein-compound interactions. In biology, the classic strategy for drug discovery has been to manually screen multiple compounds (small scale) to identify potential drug compounds. Recent strategies have utilized computational drug discovery methods that involve predicting target protein structures, identifying active sites, and finding potential inhibitor compounds at large scale. In this protocol article, we introduce an in silico drug discovery protocol. Since multi-drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria remains a challenging problem to address, UDP-N-acetylmuramate- L-alanine ligase (murC) of Acinetobacter baumannii was used as an example, which causes nosocomial infection in hospital setups and is responsible for high mortality worldwide. This protocol should help microbiologists to expand their knowledge and research scope.

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Automation of Drug Discovery through Cutting-edge In-silico Research in Pharmaceuticals: Challenges and Future Scope
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In Silico and In Vitro Studies of Antibacterial Activity of Cow Urine Distillate (CUD)
LokRaj Pant, Shankar Thapa, Bibek Dahal, Ravindra Khadka, Mahalakshmi Suresha Biradar, Rajeev K. Singla
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Investigating the role of PmrB mutation on Colistin antibiotics drug resistance in Klebsiella Pneumoniae
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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.2024; 281: 136414. CrossRef
Antimicrobial Peptides: The Game-Changer in the Epic Battle Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria
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Pharmaceuticals.2024; 17(11): 1555. CrossRef
Unveiling the anxiolytic and analgesic effects of citronellal in Swiss mice: in vivo and in silico insights into COX and GABAA receptor pathways
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Stearyl palmitate a multi-target inhibitor against breast cancer: in-silico, in-vitro & in-vivo approach
Lokesh Ravi, Ajith Kumar K, Shree Kumari G R, Harsha S, Jabin B. Sam Raj, Likitha R, Prawin Chinnaiyan, David Jonnes K C, Megha J K, Dhanush Sudhakara, Musaib Shafi Dar, Yashaswini D M, Sathvik G
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Synthesis, Molecular Docking Analysis and In vitro Evaluation of Potential Anti-Diabetic Candidates with Harnessing the Effectiveness of Scoparia Dulcis Plant
Deepshikha Patle, Paranjeet Kaur, Navneet Khurana, Sanjeev Kumar Sahu
Chemistry Africa.2024; 7(6): 3093. CrossRef
Exploring the diversity of microbes and natural products from fungus-growing termite tripartite symbiosis
Muhammad Shoaib, Ruining Bai, Shuai Li, Yan Xie, Yulong Shen, Jinfeng Ni
Engineering Microbiology.2024; 4(1): 100124. CrossRef
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Khem Raj Joshi, Hari Prasad Devkota, Khalid Awadh Al-Mutairi, Koji Sugimura, Shoji Yahara, Ravindra Khadka, Shankar Thapa, Mohammad Ujair Shekh, Sandesh Poudel, Takashi Watanabe
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Bo Wang, Changcai Bai, Yuanyuan Zhang
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A. S. Harikrishna, Kesavan Venkitasamy
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