Journal Articles
- Soil water content as a critical factor for stable bacterial community structure and degradative activity in maritime Antarctic soil
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Dockyu Kim , Namyi Chae , Mincheol Kim , Sungjin Nam , Eungbin Kim , Hyoungseok Lee
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J. Microbiol. 2020;58(12):1010-1017. Published online December 2, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0490-9
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69
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3
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Abstract
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Recent increases in air temperature across the Antarctic Peninsula
may prolong the thawing period and directly affect
the soil temperature (Ts) and volumetric soil water content
(SWC) in maritime tundra. Under an 8°C soil warming scenario,
two customized microcosm systems with maritime
Antarctic soils were incubated to investigate the differential
influence of SWC on the bacterial community and degradation
activity of humic substances (HS), the largest constituent
of soil organic carbon and a key component of the terrestrial
ecosystem. When the microcosm soil (KS1-4Feb) was
incubated for 90 days (T = 90) at a constant SWC of ~32%,
the initial HS content (167.0 mg/g of dried soil) decreased to
156.0 mg (approximately 6.6% loss, p < 0.05). However, when
another microcosm soil (KS1-4Apr) was incubated with
SWCs that gradually decreased from 37% to 9% for T = 90,
HS degradation was undetected. The low HS degradative
activity persisted, even after the SWC was restored to 30%
with water supply for an additional T = 30. Overall bacterial
community structure remained relatively stable at a constant
SWC setting (KS1-4Feb). In contrast, we saw marked
shifts in the bacterial community structure with the changing
SWC regimen (KS1-4Apr), suggesting that the soil bacterial
communities are vulnerable to drying and re-wetting
conditions. These microcosm experiments provide new information
regarding the effects of constant SWC and higher
Ts on bacterial communities for HS degradation in maritime
Antarctic tundra soil.
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- Microbial metabolic responses and CO2 emissions differentiated by soil water content variation in subarctic tundra soils
Dockyu Kim, Namyi Chae, Mincheol Kim, Sungjin Nam, Tai Kyoung Kim, Ki-Tea Park, Bang Yong Lee, Eungbin Kim, Hyoungseok Lee
Journal of Microbiology.2022; 60(12): 1130. CrossRef - Temperature sensitivity of Antarctic soil‐humic substance degradation by cold‐adapted bacteria
Dockyu Kim, Ha Ju Park, Mincheol Kim, Seulah Lee, Soon Gyu Hong, Eungbin Kim, Hyoungseok Lee
Environmental Microbiology.2022; 24(1): 265. CrossRef - Seasonal patterns of rhizosphere microorganisms suggest carbohydrate-degrading and nitrogen-fixing microbes contribute to the attribute of full-year shooting in woody bamboo Cephalostachyum pingbianense
Lushuang Li, Tize Xia, Hanqi Yang
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
- Inhibitory effects of piceatannol on human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) in vitro
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San-Ying Wang , Jing Zhang , Xiao-Gang Xu , Hui-Li Su , Wen-Min Xing , Zhong-Shan Zhang , Wei-Hua Jin , Ji-Huan Dai , Ya-Zhen Wang , Xin-Yue He , Chuan Sun , Jing Yan , Gen-Xiang Mao
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J. Microbiol. 2020;58(8):716-723. Published online June 10, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-9528-2
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74
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10
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Abstract
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Human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus,
which results in the establishment of a latent infection that
persists throughout the life of the host and can be reactivated
when the immunity is low. Currently, there is no vaccine for
hCMV infection, and the licensed antiviral drugs mainly target
the viral enzymes and have obvious adverse reactions.
Thus, it is important to search for compounds with antihCMV
properties. The present study aimed to investigate the
suppressive effects of piceatannol on hCMV Towne strain
infection and the putative underlying mechanisms using human
diploid fibroblast WI-38 cells. Piceatannol supplementation
prevented the lytic changes induced by hCMV infection
in WI-38 cells. Furthermore, piceatannol suppressed the
expression of hCMV immediate-early (IE) and early (E) proteins
as well as the replication of hCMV DNA in a dose-dependent
manner. Moreover, hCMV-induced cellular senescence
was suppressed by piceatannol, as shown by a decline
in the senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) activity
and decreased production of intracellular reactive oxygen
species (ROS). p16INK4a, a major senescence-associated
molecule, was dramatically elevated by current hCMV infection
that was attenuated by pre-incubation with piceatannol
in a dose-dependent manner. These results demonstrated
that piceatannol suppressed the hCMV infection via
inhibition of the activation of p16INK4a and cellular senescence
induced by hCMV. Together, these findings indicate piceatannol
as a novel and potent anti-hCMV agent with the potential
to be developed as an effective treatment for chronic
hCMV infection.
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- Piceatannol, a comprehensive review of health perspectives and pharmacological aspects
Hala I. Al-Jaber, Ashok K. Shakya, Mahmoud A. Al-Qudah, Lina M. Barhoumi, Hana E. Abu-Sal, Hazem S. Hasan, Nezar Al-Bataineh, Sultan Abu-Orabi, Mohammad S. Mubarak
Arabian Journal of Chemistry.2024; 17(9): 105939. CrossRef - Mechanism of PRRSV infection and antiviral role of polyphenols
Fructueux Modeste Amona, Yipeng Pang, Xingyu Gong, Yanhong Wang, Xingtang Fang, Chunlei Zhang, Xi Chen
Virulence.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Predicting phase-I metabolism of piceatannol: an in silico study
Ravi Kumar Rajan, Maida Engels, Muthiah Ramanathan
In Silico Pharmacology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Inhibition of influenza a virus infection by natural stilbene piceatannol targeting virus hemagglutinin
Lianghao Huang, Jinyu Wang, Xiaoyao Ma, Lishan Sun, Cui Hao, Wei Wang
Phytomedicine.2023; 120: 155058. CrossRef - Latin American Plants against Microorganisms
Sofía Isabel Cuevas-Cianca, Cristian Romero-Castillo, José Luis Gálvez-Romero, Eugenio Sánchez-Arreola, Zaida Nelly Juárez, Luis Ricardo Hernández
Plants.2023; 12(23): 3997. CrossRef - Piceatannol as an Antiviral Inhibitor of PRV Infection In Vitro and In Vivo
Zhiying Wang, Xiaojing Cai, Zhiyuan Ren, Yi Shao, Yongkang Xu, Lian Fu, Yan Zhu
Animals.2023; 13(14): 2376. CrossRef - Recent Advances in Antiviral Activities of Triterpenoids
Yue Liu, Liangyu Yang, Hong Wang, Yongai Xiong
Pharmaceuticals.2022; 15(10): 1169. CrossRef - Insights into Antiviral Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Flavonoid Polyphenols against Human Herpesviruses
Sherif T. S. Hassan, Miroslava Šudomová, Alena Mazurakova, Peter Kubatka
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(22): 13891. CrossRef - Suppressive effects of pterostilbene on human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and HCMV-induced cellular senescence
Sanying Wang, Xuqiang Zhou, Xinyue He, Shushu Ma, Chuan Sun, Jing Zhang, Xiaogang Xu, Weihua Jin, Jin Yan, Ping Lin, Genxiang Mao
Virology Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Sulphated glucuronomannan tetramer and hexamer from Sargassum thunbergii exhibit anti-human cytomegalovirus activity by blocking viral entry
Sanying Wang, Xiaogang Xu, Chuan Sun, Jing Zhang, Xinyue He, Zhongshan Zhang, Hong Huang, Jing Yan, Weihua Jin, Genxiang Mao
Carbohydrate Polymers.2021; 273: 118510. CrossRef - Chemical constituents from coconut waste and their in silico evaluation as potential antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2
Marwa Elsbaey, Mahmoud A.A. Ibrahim, Fatma Abdel Bar, Abdullah A. Elgazar
South African Journal of Botany.2021; 141: 278. CrossRef
Review
- The functional study of human proteins using humanized yeast
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Seho Kim , Juhee Park , Taekyung Kim , Jung-Shin Lee
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J. Microbiol. 2020;58(5):343-349. Published online April 27, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0136-y
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84
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Abstract
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The functional and optimal expression of genes is crucial
for survival of all living organisms. Numerous experiments
and efforts have been performed to reveal the mechanisms
required for the functional and optimal expression of human
genes. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has evolved
independently of humans for billions of years. Nevertheless,
S. cerevisiae has many conserved genes and expression mechanisms
that are similar to those in humans. Yeast is the most
commonly used model organism for studying the function
and expression mechanisms of human genes because it has
a relatively simple genome structure, which is easy to manipulate.
Many previous studies have focused on understanding
the functions and mechanisms of human proteins using
orthologous genes and biological systems of yeast. In this
review, we mainly introduce two recent studies that replaced
human genes and nucleosomes with those of yeast. Here, we
suggest that, although yeast is a relatively small eukaryotic
cell, its humanization is useful for the direct study of human
proteins. In addition, yeast can be used as a model organism
in a broader range of studies, including drug screening.
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Citations
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- A Humanized Yeast Model for Studying TRAPP Complex Mutations; Proof-of-Concept Using Variants from an Individual with a TRAPPC1-Associated Neurodevelopmental Syndrome
Erta Zykaj, Chelsea Abboud, Paria Asadi, Simane Warsame, Hashem Almousa, Miroslav P. Milev, Brittany M. Greco, Marcos López-Sánchez, Drago Bratkovic, Aashiq H. Kachroo, Luis Alberto Pérez-Jurado, Michael Sacher
Cells.2024; 13(17): 1457. CrossRef - Humanization reveals pervasive incompatibility of yeast and human kinetochore components
Guðjón Ólafsson, Max A B Haase, Jef D Boeke, G Brown
G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Effects of Non-Thermal Plasma on Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Peter Polčic, Zdenko Machala
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(5): 2247. CrossRef - Next Generation Winemakers: Genetic Engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Trendy Challenges
Patricia Molina-Espeja
Bioengineering.2020; 7(4): 128. CrossRef
Journal Articles
- Astragaloside IV reversed the autophagy and oxidative stress induced by the intestinal microbiota of AIS in mice
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Nan Xu , Pengcheng Kan , Xiuhua Yao , Ping Yang , Jiwei Wang , Lei Xiang , Yu Zhu
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J. Microbiol. 2018;56(11):838-846. Published online October 24, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-8327-5
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85
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Abstract
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Acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) seriously affects patient quality
of life. We explored the role of the intestinal microbiota on
oxidative stress and autophagy in stroke, and Astragaloside
IV (AS-IV) reversed the changes induced by intestinal microbiota.
We determined the characteristics of the intestinal
microbiota of AIS and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) patients
by 16S sequencing and found that the structure and diversity
of the intestinal microbiota in patients with AIS and
TIA were significantly different from those in healthy subjects.
Specifically, the abundance of genus Bifidobacterium,
Megamonas, Blautia, Holdemanella, and Clostridium, content
of homocysteine and triglyceride was increased significantly,
thus it may be as a potential mechanism of AIS and
TIA. Furthermore, germ-free mice were infused intracolonically
with fecal supernatants of TIA and AIS with/without
feed AS-IV for 12 weeks, and we found that the feces of AIS
up-regulated the autophagy markers Beclin-1, light chain 3
(LC3)-II and autophagy-related gene (Atg)12, and the expression
of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NADPH oxidase
2/4 (NOX2/4), malondialdehyde (MDA), however, the
expression of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and activity
of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH)
was down-regulated in brain tissue, the content of homocysteine
and free fatty acids (FFA) in serum of the mice. Meanwhile,
AS-IV could reverse the above phenomenon, however,
it does not affect the motor function of mice. AS-IV reversed
these changes and it may be a potential drug for AIS therapeutics.
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Citations
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Amir Mahmoud Ahmadzadeh, Ali Mohammad Pourbagher-Shahri, Fatemeh Forouzanfar
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Yisong Ren, Gang Chen, Ying Hong, Qianying Wang, Bo Lan, Zhaozhao Huang
Drug Design, Development and Therapy.2025; Volume 19: 185. CrossRef - Benefits of equilibrium between microbiota- and host-derived ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor after stroke in aged male mice
Pedram Peesh, Maria P. Blasco-Conesa, Ahmad El Hamamy, Romeesa Khan, Gary U. Guzman, Parisa Honarpisheh, Eric C. Mohan, Grant W. Goodman, Justin N. Nguyen, Anik Banerjee, Bryce E. West, Kyung Ae Ko, Janelle M. Korf, Chunfeng Tan, Huihui Fan, Gabriela D. C
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Shiyu Zhang, Shijie Li, Lin Cui, Shiyang Xie, Youping Wang
Journal of Inflammation Research.2025; Volume 18: 3951. CrossRef - Astragaloside IV-PESV inhibits prostate cancer tumor growth by restoring gut microbiota and microbial metabolic homeostasis via the AGE-RAGE pathway
Xujun You, Junfeng Qiu, Qixin Li, Qing Zhang, Wen Sheng, Yiguo Cao, Wei Fu
BMC Cancer.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - The impact of dysbiosis in oropharyngeal and gut microbiota on systemic inflammatory response and short-term prognosis in acute ischemic stroke with preceding infection
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Neuroprotection.2024; 2(2): 120. CrossRef - Research progress in the treatment of an immune system disease—type 1 diabetes—by regulating the intestinal flora with Chinese medicine and food homologous drugs
Yang PING, Jianing LIU, Huilin WANG, Yan WANG, Hongbin QIU, Yu ZHANG
Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health.2024; 43(3): 150. CrossRef - The relationship between oxidative balance scores and chronic diarrhea and constipation: a population-based study
Jiayan Hu, Hede Zou, Xiyun Qiao, Yuxi Wang, Mi Lv, Kunli Zhang, Fengyun Wang
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Astragaloside IV Mitigated Diabetic Nephropathy by Restructuring Intestinal Microflora and Ferroptosis
Xin Lyu, Ting‐ting Zhang, Zhen Ye, Ce Chen
Molecular Nutrition & Food Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Dietary flavonoids: Role in preventing neurodegenerative diseases caused by brain aging by modulating the gut microbiota
Siyu Liu, Haochen Dai, Rui Wang, Xin Zhang
Food Bioscience.2024; 61: 104965. CrossRef - Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway through microbiota-gut-brain axis
Shuxia Zhang, Qiuyan Chen, Meiqi Jin, Jiahui Ren, Xiao Sun, Zhixiu Zhang, Yun Luo, Xiaobo Sun
Phytomedicine.2024; 128: 155530. CrossRef -
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modulating gut microbiota and regulating NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway
Shan Wu, Fei Wen, Xiangbin Zhong, Wenjing Du, Manlian Chen, Junyi Wang
Annals of Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Clinical evidence and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in major diseases
Binyu Luo, Yiwen Li, Wenting Wang, Yanfei Liu, Yanfang Xian, Yue Liu, Keji Chen
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Shuxia Zhang, Meiqi Jin, Jiahui Ren, Xiao Sun, Zhixiu Zhang, Yun Luo, Xiaobo Sun
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Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2023; 157: 114026. CrossRef - Astragaloside IV: A promising natural neuroprotective agent for neurological disorders
Min Yao, Lijuan Zhang, Lin Wang
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Zhilin Li, En Hu, Fei Zheng, Song Wang, Wei Zhang, Jiekun Luo, Tao Tang, Qing Huang, Yang Wang
Phytomedicine.2023; 121: 155086. CrossRef - CONSORT-Characteristics and metabolic phenotype of gut microbiota in NAFLD patients
Haize Ge, Wei Wei, Liang Tang, Yaqiong Tian, Yu Zhu, Yan Luo, Shuye Liu
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Man Li, Bing Han, Huan Zhao, Chongyi Xu, Daokun Xu, Elwira Sieniawska, Xianming Lin, Guoyin Kai
Phytomedicine.2022; 98: 153918. CrossRef - Gut microbes in cerebrovascular diseases: Gut flora imbalance, potential impact mechanisms and promising treatment strategies
Xuelun Zou, Leiyun Wang, Linxiao Xiao, Sai Wang, Le Zhang
Frontiers in Immunology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Role of Endogenous Lipopolysaccharides in Neurological Disorders
Manjunath Kalyan, Ahmed Hediyal Tousif, Sharma Sonali, Chandrasekaran Vichitra, Tuladhar Sunanda, Sankar Simla Praveenraj, Bipul Ray, Vasavi Rakesh Gorantla, Wiramon Rungratanawanich, Arehally M. Mahalakshmi, M. Walid Qoronfleh, Tanya M. Monaghan, Byoung-
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Ying Yang, Meng Hong, Wen-Wen Lian, Zhi Chen
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2022; 10(28): 10004. CrossRef - The Influence of Gut Dysbiosis in the Pathogenesis and Management of Ischemic Stroke
Saravana Babu Chidambaram, Annan Gopinath Rathipriya, Arehally M. Mahalakshmi, Sonali Sharma, Tousif Ahmed Hediyal, Bipul Ray, Tuladhar Sunanda, Wiramon Rungratanawanich, Rajpal Singh Kashyap, M. Walid Qoronfleh, Musthafa Mohamed Essa, Byoung-Joon Song, T
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Li Yu, Yuting Wang, Jingxue Tang, Zhaorui Shu, Xian Han
NeuroReport.2022; 33(15): 656. CrossRef - Astragaloside IV ameliorates diet-induced hepatic steatosis in obese mice by inhibiting intestinal FXR via intestinal flora remodeling
Yuanyuan Zhai, Wenling Zhou, Xu Yan, Yuan Qiao, Lingling Guan, Zhichun Zhang, Hao Liu, Jizhi Jiang, Jiang Liu, Liang Peng
Phytomedicine.2022; 107: 154444. CrossRef - Could the Gut Microbiota Serve as a Therapeutic Target in Ischemic Stroke?
Jiyao Zhang, Qiang Tang, Luwen Zhu, San Jun Shi
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef - Co-exposure to fluoride and arsenic disrupts intestinal flora balance and induces testicular autophagy in offspring rats
Penghui Liu, Ran Li, Xiaolin Tian, Yannan Zhao, Meng Li, Meng Wang, Xiaodong Ying, Jiyu Yuan, Jiaxin Xie, Xiaoting Yan, Yi Lyu, Cailing Wei, Yulan Qiu, Fengjie Tian, Qian Zhao, Xiaoyan Yan
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Xiao Li, Dan Wu, Jingjie Niu, Yanping Sun, Qiuhong Wang, Bingyou Yang, Haixue Kuang
The American Journal of Chinese Medicine.2021; 49(02): 237. CrossRef - Role of Polyphenols as Antioxidant Supplementation in Ischemic Stroke
Yuan Zhou, Shanshan Zhang, Xiang Fan, Wen-Jun Tu
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Hypoglycemic effect of astragaloside IV via modulating gut microbiota and regulating AMPK/SIRT1 and PI3K/AKT pathway
Pin Gong, Xuyang Xiao, Shuang Wang, Fuxiong Shi, Ni Liu, Xuefeng Chen, Wenjuan Yang, Lan Wang, Fuxin Chen
Journal of Ethnopharmacology.2021; 281: 114558. CrossRef - Reciprocal interactions between gut microbiota and autophagy
Pierre Lapaquette, Jean-Baptiste Bizeau, Niyazi Acar, Marie-Agnès Bringer
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 27(48): 8283. CrossRef - Maternal Obesity Increases Oxidative Stress in Placenta and It Is Associated With Intestinal Microbiota
Chengjun Hu, Yingli Yan, Fengjie Ji, Hanlin Zhou
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Prevention and treatment of chronic heart failure through traditional Chinese medicine: Role of the gut microbiota
Qiujin Jia, Lirong Wang, Xiaonan Zhang, Yuejia Ding, Hao Li, Yingxi Yang, Ao Zhang, Yanyang Li, Shichao Lv, Junping Zhang
Pharmacological Research.2020; 151: 104552. CrossRef - Astragaloside IV as Potential Antioxidant Against Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Juvenile Mice Through Activating JNK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
Li-li Deng
Archives of Medical Research.2020; 51(7): 654. CrossRef - Morroniside Inhibits H2O2-Induced Podocyte Apoptosis by Down-Regulating NOX4 Expression Controlled by Autophagy In Vitro
Xue Gao, Yi Liu, Lin Wang, Na Sai, Yixiu Liu, Jian Ni
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef - Astragaloside IV alleviates mouse slow transit constipation by modulating gut microbiota profile and promoting butyric acid generation
Qiulan He, Changpeng Han, Liang Huang, Haojie Yang, Jiancong Hu, Huaxian Chen, Ruoxu Dou, Donglin Ren, Hongcheng Lin
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine.2020; 24(16): 9349. CrossRef - Cross‐Talk between Gut Microbiota and the Heart: A New Target for the Herbal Medicine Treatment of Heart Failure?
Lin Li, Senjie Zhong, Bin Cheng, Hong Qiu, Zhixi Hu, Deborah A. Kennedy
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef - Role and significance of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating gastrointestinal microecology to prevent and treat gastrointestinal cancer
Guang-Hui Zhu, Yi-Ting Sang, Jie Li
World Chinese Journal of Digestology.2020; 28(1): 1. CrossRef - Astragaloside IV Protects Against Oxidative Stress in Calf Small Intestine Epithelial Cells via NFE2L2-Antioxidant Response Element Signaling
Yafang Wang, Fugui Jiang, Haijian Cheng, Xiuwen Tan, Yifan Liu, Chen Wei, Enliang Song
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2019; 20(24): 6131. CrossRef - Astragaloside IV Protects Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury by Preventing Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and the Activation of Mitochondrial Pathway Apoptosis in Rats
Shumin Qin, Jinjin Yin, Shaogang Huang, Jingyu Lin, Zhigang Fang, Yunsong Zhou, Keer Huang
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - Astragaloside IV alleviates the symptoms of experimental ulcerative colitis in vitro and in vivo
Suxiao Wu, Zilan Chen
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - Carboxamide derivatives induce apoptosis in the U251 glioma cell line
Tao Yan, Junxue Zhuang, Lu He
Oncology Letters.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
- Autoinducer-2 detection among commensal oral streptococci is dependent on pH and boric acid
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Giancarlo A. Cuadra , Ashley J. Frantellizzi , Kimberly M. Gaesser , Steven P. Tammariello , Anika Ahmed
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J. Microbiol. 2016;54(7):492-502. Published online June 28, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-5507-z
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Abstract
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Autoinducer-2, considered a universal signaling molecule, is
produced by many species of bacteria; including oral strains.
Structurally, autoinducer-2 can exist bound to boron (borated
autoinducer-2). Functionally, autoinducer-2 has been linked
to important bacterial processes such as virulence and biofilm
formation. In order to test production of autoinducer-2 by a
given bacterial strain, a bioassay using marine bioluminescent
bacteria Vibrio harveyi as a reporter for autoinducer-2
has been designed. We hypothesize that pH adjustment and
addition of boron are required for optimal bioluminescence
and accurate autoinducer-2 detection. Using this reporter
strain we tested autoinducer-2 activity from two oral commensal
species, Streptococcus gordonii DL1 and Streptococcus
oralis 34. Spent broth was collected and adjusted to pH 7.5
and supplemented with boric acid prior to measuring autoinducer-
2 activity. Results show that low pH inhibits bioluminescence
of the reporter strain, but pH 7.5 allows for bioluminescence
induction and proper readings of autoinducer-2
activity. Addition of boric acid also has a positive effect on
bioluminescence allowing for a more sensitive detection of
autoinducer-2 activity. Our data suggests that although autoinducer-
2 is present in spent broth, low pH and/or low levels
of boric acid become an obstacle for proper autoinducer-2
detection. For proper autoinducer-2 detection, we propose a
protocol using this bioassay to include pH adjustment and
boric acid addition to spent broth. Studies on autoinducer-2
activity in several bacteria species represent an important area
of study as this universal signaling molecule is involved in
critical bacterial phenotypes such as virulence and biofilm
formation.
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Citations
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- Inhibitory effect of Lonicera japonica flos on Streptococcus mutans biofilm and mechanism exploration through metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses
Lin Wang, Ping Liu, Yulun Wu, Hairun Pei, Xueli Cao
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Andrei Biţă, Ion Romulus Scorei, Tudor Adrian Bălşeanu, Maria Viorica Ciocîlteu, Cornelia Bejenaru, Antonia Radu, Ludovic Everard Bejenaru, Gabriela Rău, George Dan Mogoşanu, Johny Neamţu, Steven A. Benner
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Review
- Counts and sequences, observations that continue to change our understanding of viruses in nature
-
K. Eric Wommack , Daniel J. Nasko , Jessica Chopyk , Eric G. Sakowski
-
J. Microbiol. 2015;53(3):181-192. Published online March 3, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5068-6
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103
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Abstract
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The discovery of abundant viruses in the oceans and on land
has ushered in a quarter century of groundbreaking advancements
in our understanding of viruses within ecosystems.
Two types of observations from environmental samples -
direct counts of viral particles and viral metagenomic sequences
- have been critical to these discoveries. Accurate
direct counts have established ecosystem-scale trends in the
impacts of viral infection on microbial host populations and
have shown that viral communities within aquatic and soil
environments respond to both short term and seasonal environmental
change. Direct counts have been critical for estimating
viral production rate, a measurement essential to
quantifying the implications of viral infection for the biogeochemical
cycling of nutrients within ecosystems. While
direct counts have defined the magnitude of viral processes;
shotgun sequences of environmental viral DNA - virome
sequences - have enabled researchers to estimate the diversity
and composition of natural viral communities. Virome-enabled
studies have found the virioplankton to contain thousands
of viral genotypes in communities where the most
dominant viral population accounts for a small fraction of
total abundance followed by a long tail of diverse populations.
Detailed examination of long virome sequences has
led to new understanding of genotype-to-phenotype connections
within marine viruses and revealed that viruses carry
metabolic genes that are important to maintaining cellular
energy during viral replication. Increased access to long virome
sequences will undoubtedly reveal more genetic secrets
of viruses and enable us to build a genomics rulebook for
predicting key biological and ecological features of unknown
viruses.
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- The Ecology of Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio cholerae, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in North Carolina Estuaries
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Karen Dyer Blackwell , James D. Oliver
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J. Microbiol. 2008;46(2):146-153. Published online June 11, 2008
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-007-0216-2
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56
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102
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Abstract
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While numerous studies have characterized the distribution and/or ecology of various pathogenic Vibrio spp., here we have simultaneously examined several estuarine sites for Vibrio vulnificus, V. cholerae, and V. parahaemolyticus. For a one year period, waters and sediment were monitored for the presence of these
<br>three pathogens at six different sites on the east coast of North Carolina in the United States. All three pathogens, identified using colony hybridization and PCR methods, occurred in these estuarine environments, although V. cholerae occurred only infrequently and at very low levels. Seventeen chemical, physical, and biological parameters were investigated, including salinity, water temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, levels of various inorganic nutrients and dissolved organic carbon, as well as total vibrios, total coliforms, and E. coli. We found each of the Vibrio spp. in water and sediment to correlate to several of these environmental measurements, with water temperature and total Vibrio levels correlating highly (P<0.0001) with occurrence of the three pathogens. Thus, these two parameters may represent simple assays for characterizing the potential public health hazard of estuarine waters.
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-
JunPei Zhou , YingQi Gu , ChangSong Zou , MingHe Mo
-
J. Microbiol. 2007;45(2):105-112.
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DOI: https://doi.org/2526 [pii]
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Abstract
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The objective of this study was to analyze the phylogenetic composition of bacterial community in the soil of an earth-cave (Niu Cave) using a culture-independent molecular approach. 16S rRNA genes were amplified directly from soil DNA with universally conserved and Bacteria-specific rRNA gene primers and cloned. The clone library was screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and representative rRNA gene sequences were determined. A total of 115 bacterial sequence types were found in 190 analyzed clones. Phylogenetic sequence analyses revealed novel 16S rRNA gene sequence types and a high diversity of putative bacterial community. Members of these bacteria included Proteobacteria (42.6%), Acidobacteria (18.6%), Planctomycetes (9.0%), Chloroflexi (Green nonsulfur bacteria, 7.5%), Bacteroidetes (2.1%), Gemmatimonadetes (2.7%), Nitrospirae (8.0%), Actinobacteria (High G+C Gram-positive bacteria, 6.4%) and candidate divisions (including the OP3, GN08, and SBR1093, 3.2%). Thirty-five clones were affiliated with bacteria that were related to nitrogen, sulfur, iron or manganese cycles. The comparison of the present data with the data obtained previously from caves based on 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed similarities in the bacterial community components, especially in the high abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria. Furthermore, this study provided the novel evidence for presence of Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrosomonadales, Oceanospirillales, and Rubrobacterales in a karstic hypogean environment.