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Circular pellicles formed by Pseudomonas alkylphenolica KL28 are a sophisticated architecture principally designed by matrix substance
Myeong Mi Song , Yaligara Veeranagouda , Munkhtsatsral Ganzorig , Kyoung Lee
J. Microbiol. 2018;56(11):790-797.   Published online October 24, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-8252-7
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AbstractAbstract
The colonization of liquid surfaces as floating biofilms or pellicles is a bacterial adaptation to optimally occupy the airliquid (A-L) niche. In aerobic heterotrophs, pellicle formation is beneficial for the utilization of O2 and nonpolar organic compounds. Pseudomonas alkylphenolica KL28, an alkylphenol degrader, forms flat circular pellicles that are 0.3– 0.5 mm in diameter. In this study, we first monitored the pellicle developmental patterns of multicellular organization from the initial settlement stage. The pellicles developed by clonal growth and mutants for flagella and pilus formation established normal pellicles. In contrast, the mutants of an epm gene cluster for biosynthesis of alginate-like polymer were incompetent in cell alignment for initial two-dimensional (2D) pellicle growth, suggesting the role of the Epm polymer as a structural scaffold for pellicle biofilms. Microscopic observation revealed that the initial 2D growth transited to multilayers by an accumulated self-produced extracellular polymeric substance that may exert a constraint force. Electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that the fully matured pellicle structures were densly packed with matrix-encased cells displaying distinct arrangements. The cells on the surface of the pellicle were relatively flat, and those inside were longitudinally cross-packed. The extracellular polysaccharide stained by Congo red was denser on the pellicle rim and a thin film was observed in the open spaces, indicative of its role in pellicle flotation. Our results demonstrate that P. alkylphenolica KL28 coordinately dictates the cell arrangements of pellicle biofilms by the controlled growth of constituent cells that accumulate extracellular polymeric substances.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
NOTE] Effects of Light Intensity on Components and Topographical Structures of Extracellular Polysaccharides from the Cyanobacteria Nostoc sp.
Hongmei Ge , Ling Xia , Xuping Zhou , Delu Zhang , Chunxiang Hu
J. Microbiol. 2014;52(2):179-183.   Published online February 1, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-2720-5
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  • 42 Crossref
AbstractAbstract
A study on the effects of light intensity (40 and 80 μE/m2/sec) on the components and topographical structures of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) was carried out in cyanobacteria Nostoc sp.. EPS yield increased with light intensity. However, light intensity did not significantly affect the EPS fractions and monosaccharide composition. Higher light intensity generally resulted in higher protein content of EPS in similar fractions. The topographical structure of EPS, investigated by atomic force microscopy, appeared as spherical lumps, chains and networks. The long chains were observed at higher light intensity. Thus, light intensity affected the yield and nature of EPS.

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