Journal of Microbiology

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Genetic variation of Colletotrichum magnum isolated from Carica papaya as revealed by DNA fingerprinting: Daisy Pérez-Brito , Alberto Cortes-Velázquez , Teresita Valencia-Yah , Anuar Magaña-Álvarez , Cuauhtémoc Navarro , Blanca Moreno , Steven Quiroga , Raúl Tapia-Tussell; J. Microbiol. 2018;56(11):813-821. Published online October 24, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-8215-z

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Mexico is one of the five largest producers of papaya worldwide, but losses caused by pathogens, mainly fungus, at the pre- and post-harvest stages are often more than 50% of the crop. Papaya anthracnose, caused by three different species of the Colletotrichum genus in Mexico, occupies a preponderant place in this problem. Although two of these species, C. gloeosporiodes and C. truncatum, have been characterized morphologically and genotypically, this has not occurred with C. magnum, the third species involved, about which there is very little information. Because of this, it is vital to know its genetic characterization, much more so considering that the studies carried out on the other two species reveal a wide genetic diversity, differences in pathogenicity and in the response to fungicides of the different strains characterized. In this work, Colletotrichum spp. isolates were collected at different papaya orchards in the south-southeast of Mexico. C. magnum isolates identified by species-specific primers were characterized by morphological and molecular approaches. Differences in colony characteristics resulted in five morphological groups. AP-PCR, DAMD and ISSR markers were found to be very efficient for revealing the interspecific variability of this species. The high genetic variability found in the accessions of C. magnum was linked to the geographical area where they were collected. Isolates from Chiapas State were the most variable, showing point mutations in the ITS1- ITS2 region. These results will enable a better phytosanitary management of anthracnose in papaya in this region of Mexico.

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Current technologies to control fungal diseases in postharvest papaya (Carica papaya L.)
Juliana Pereira Rodrigues, Caroline Corrêa de Souza Coelho, Antonio Gomes Soares, Otniel Freitas-Silva
Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology.2021; 36: 102128. CrossRef

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Genetic Variation and Geographic Distribution of Megalocytiviruses: Jun-Young Song , Shin-Ichi Kitamura , Sung-Ju Jung , Toshiaki Miyadai , Shinji Tanaka , Yutaka Fukuda , Seok-Ryel Kim , Myung-Joo Oh; J. Microbiol. 2008;46(1):29-33.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-007-0184-6

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Abstract: Viruses belonging to the genus Megalocytivirus in the family Iridoviridae have caused mass mortalities in marine and freshwater fish in Asian countries. In this study, partial major capsid protein (MCP) gene of seven Japanese and six Korean megalocytiviruses was sequenced and compared with the known megalocytiviruses to evaluate genetic variation and geographic distribution of the viruses. Comparison of MCP gene nucleotide sequences revealed sequence identity of 92.8% or greater among these 48 isolates. A phylogenetic tree clearly revealed three clusters: genotype I including nine Japanese isolates, thirteen Korean isolates, one Chinese isolates, one Thailand isolate and one South China Sea isolate; genotype II including five freshwater fish isolates in Southeast Asian countries and Australia; and the remaining genotype III mainly consisted of flatfish isolate in Korea and China. This suggests that viruses belonging to the genotype I widely distribute among various fish species in many Asian countries. Conversely, the epidemic viruses belonged to genotype II and III are may be still locally spreading and constrained in their prevalence to the limited host fish species, i.e., genotype II viruses mainly distribute in Southeast Asian countries, whereas genotype III viruses distribute in flatfish species in Korea and China.

Fast genetic variation among coliphage quasispecies revealed by a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis: Kwon, Oh Sik , Lee, Jae Yung; J. Microbiol. 1996;34(2):166-171.

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Abstract: Genetic analysis was conducted on newly isolated coliphages form soil by using a RAPD assay. From the initial result, the coliphages were turned out to be different form one another but were closely related to φλ due to the fact that they shared the same RAPD maker in which other T phage testing failed to show. By using the primers EC01 or EC02, a fast genetic mutation of φC1 was found by producing specific RAPD markers on the phages from the first filial progeny to the second filial progeny. When we made a RAPD assay with combined primers (EC01, EC05 and EC08), the genetic mutation was again confirmed in φC1. The assay detection showed mutations in other coliphages such as φC2 and φC3 by revealing specific RAPD bands among different progeny phages, where genetic instability of the coliphages in implied.

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