Filamentous fungi produce a variety of secondary metabolites of diverse beneficial and detrimental activities to humankind. The genes required for a given secondary metabolite are typically arranged in a gene cluster. There is considerable evidence that secondary metabolite gene regulation is, in part, by transcriptional control through hierarchical levels of transcriptional regulatory elements involved in secondary metabolite cluster regulation. Identification of elements regulating secondary metabolism could potentially provide a means of increasing production of beneficial metabolites, decreasing production of detrimental metabolites, aid in the identification of ‘silent’ natural products and also contribute to a broader understanding of molecular mechanisms by which secondary metabolites are produced. This review summarizes regulation of secondary metabolism associated with transcriptional regulatory elements from a broad view as well as the tremendous advances in discovery of cryptic or novel secondary metabolites by genomic mining.
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MIDDAS-M: Motif-Independent De Novo Detection of Secondary Metabolite Gene Clusters through the Integration of Genome Sequencing and Transcriptome Data Myco Umemura, Hideaki Koike, Nozomi Nagano, Tomoko Ishii, Jin Kawano, Noriko Yamane, Ikuko Kozone, Katsuhisa Horimoto, Kazuo Shin-ya, Kiyoshi Asai, Jiujiang Yu, Joan W. Bennett, Masayuki Machida, Kap-Hoon Han PLoS ONE.2013; 8(12): e84028. CrossRef
FcStuA from Fusarium culmorum Controls Wheat Foot and Root Rot in a Toxin Dispensable Manner Matias Pasquali, Francesca Spanu, Barbara Scherm, Virgilio Balmas, Lucien Hoffmann, Kim E. Hammond-Kosack, Marco Beyer, Quirico Migheli, Yin-Won Lee PLoS ONE.2013; 8(2): e57429. CrossRef
The AreA transcription factor in Fusarium graminearum regulates the use of some nonpreferred nitrogen sources and secondary metabolite production Henriette Giese, Teis Esben Sondergaard, Jens Laurids Sørensen Fungal Biology.2013; 117(11-12): 814. CrossRef
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Segregation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in hybrids of Fusarium fujikuroi and Fusarium proliferatum L. Studt, C. Troncoso, F. Gong, P. Hedden, C. Toomajian, J.F. Leslie, H.-U. Humpf, M.C. Rojas, B. Tudzynski Fungal Genetics and Biology.2012; 49(7): 567. CrossRef
Order in the playground Ben Field, Anne Osbourn Mobile Genetic Elements.2012; 2(1): 46. CrossRef
Overexpression of the Aspergillus nidulans histone 4 acetyltransferase EsaA increases activation of secondary metabolite production Alexandra A. Soukup, Yi‐Ming Chiang, Jin Woo Bok, Yazmid Reyes‐Dominguez, Berl R. Oakley, Clay C. C. Wang, Joseph Strauss, Nancy P. Keller Molecular Microbiology.2012; 86(2): 314. CrossRef
Advances in Aspergillus secondary metabolite research in the post-genomic era James F. Sanchez, Amber D. Somoza, Nancy P. Keller, Clay C. C. Wang Natural Product Reports.2012; 29(3): 351. CrossRef
Identification and Characterization of a Novel Diterpene Gene Cluster in Aspergillus nidulans Kirsi Bromann, Mervi Toivari, Kaarina Viljanen, Anu Vuoristo, Laura Ruohonen, Tiina Nakari-Setälä, Gustavo Henrique Goldman PLoS ONE.2012; 7(4): e35450. CrossRef
Fungal endophytes of grasses Aiko Tanaka, Daigo Takemoto, Tetsuya Chujo, Barry Scott Current Opinion in Plant Biology.2012; 15(4): 462. CrossRef
NosA, a transcription factor important in Aspergillus fumigatus stress and developmental response, rescues the germination defect of a laeA deletion Alexandra A. Soukup, Mitra Farnoodian, Erwin Berthier, Nancy P. Keller Fungal Genetics and Biology.2012; 49(11): 857. CrossRef
An Aspergillus nidulans bZIP response pathway hardwired for defensive secondary metabolism operates through aflR Wen‐Bing Yin, Saori Amaike, Dana J. Wohlbach, Audrey P. Gasch, Yi‐Ming Chiang, Clay C. C. Wang, Jin Woo Bok, Marko Rohlfs, Nancy P. Keller Molecular Microbiology.2012; 83(5): 1024. CrossRef