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- Physiological roles of catalases Cat1 and Cat2 in Myxococcus xanthus
- Kimura Yoshio , Yuri Yoshioka , Kie Toshikuni
- J. Microbiol. 2022;60(12):1168-1177. Published online October 24, 2022
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2277-7
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- 8 Web of Science
- 7 Crossref
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Abstract
- Catalases are key antioxidant enzymes in aerobic organisms. Myxococcus xanthus expresses two monofunctional catalases, small-subunit Cat1 and large-subunit Cat2. The Km of H2O2 for recombinant Cat1 and Cat2 were 14.0 and 9.0 mM, respectively, and the catalytic efficiency of Cat2 (kcat/Km = 500 sec-1 mM-1) was 4-fold higher than that of Cat1. The activity ratio of Cat1 to Cat2 in the exponential growth phase of M. xanthus was 1 to 3–4. A Cat1-deficient strain was constructed, whereas a Cat2-deficient strain could not be produced. In H2O2-supplemented medium, the cat1 mutant exhibited marked growth retardation and a longer generation time than the wild-type (wt) strain. After 2 h of incubation in 0.5 mM H2O2-supplemented medium, the catalase activity of the wt strain significantly increased (by 64-fold), but that of the cat1 mutant strain did not. Under starvation-induced developmental conditions, catalase activity was induced by approximately 200-fold in both wt and cat1 strains, although in the mutant the activity increase as well as spore formation occurred one day later, indicating that the induction of catalase activity during starvation was due to Cat2. In wt starved cells, catalase activity was not induced by H2O2. These results suggest that Cat2 is the primary housekeeping catalase during M. xanthus growth and starvation-induced development, whereas Cat1 may have a complementary role, being responsible for the rapid degradation of H2O2 in proliferating vegetative cells subjected to oxidative stress.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Enzymatic characterization of five thioredoxins and a thioredoxin reductase from Myxococcus xanthus
Ryota Tanifuji, Yoshio Kimura
FEMS Microbiology Letters.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Overexpression of cat2 restores antioxidant properties and production traits in degenerated strains of Volvariella volvacea
Jianing Zhu, Wenpei Wang, Wanhe Sun, Yuanxi Lei, Qiangfei Tan, Gahong Zhao, Jianmin Yun, Fengyun Zhao
Free Radical Biology and Medicine.2024; 215: 94. CrossRef - Alleviation of H2O2 toxicity by extracellular catalases in the phycosphere of Microcystis aeruginosa
Yerim Park, Wonjae Kim, Yeji Cha, Minkyung Kim, Woojun Park
Harmful Algae.2024; 137: 102680. CrossRef - Cis-3-Indoleacrylic Acid: A Nematicidal Compound from Streptomyces youssoufiensis YMF3.862 as V-ATPase Inhibitor on Meloidogyne incognita
Min Chen, Ying Huang, Li Ma, Jian-Jin Liu, Yi Cao, Pei-Ji Zhao, Ming-He Mo
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.2024; 72(44): 24347. CrossRef - Broad-spectrum ROS autonomous scavenging polysaccharide-based vehicle to improve the bioactivity of blueberry anthocyanidins through intestinal synergistic mucoadhesion
Jingwen Xu, Yue Zhang, Xiaolin Yao, Sijuan Wang, Guangwen Luo, Kaiqiang Lv, Yongkang Zhang, Guoliang Li
Food Hydrocolloids.2024; 152: 109899. CrossRef - Polyphosphate Plays a Significant Role in the Maturation of Spores in Myxococcus xanthus
Daiki Harita, Hiroka Matsukawa, Yoshio Kimura
Current Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Discovery of 2-Naphthol from the Leaves of Actephila merrilliana as a Natural Nematicide Candidate
Xi Zhang, Zhan Hu, Shuai Wang, Fengman Yin, Yuyang Wei, Jia Xie, Ranfeng Sun
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.2023; 71(36): 13209. CrossRef
- Enzymatic characterization of five thioredoxins and a thioredoxin reductase from Myxococcus xanthus
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Use of Clostridium septicum Alpha Toxins for Isolation of Various Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Deficient Cells
- Dong-Jun Shin , Hyon E. Choy , Yeongjin Hong
- J. Microbiol. 2005;43(3):266-271.
- DOI: https://doi.org/2214 [pii]
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Abstract
- In eukaryotic cells, various proteins are anchored to the plasma membrane through glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). To study the biosynthetic pathways and modifications of GPI, various mutant cells have been isolated from the cells of Chinese hamster ovaries (CHO) supplemented with several exogenous genes involved in GPI biosynthesis using aerolysin, a toxin secreted from gram-negative bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila. Alpha toxin from Gram-positive bacterium Clostridium septicum is homologous to large lobes (LL) of aerolysin, binds GPI-anchored proteins and possesses a cell-destroying mechanism similar to aerolysin. Here, to determine whether alpha toxins can be used as an isolation tool of GPI-mutants, like aerolysin, CHO cells stably transfected with several exogenous genes involved in GPI biosynthesis were chemically mutagenized and cultured in a medium containing alpha toxins. We isolated six mutants highly resistant to alpha toxins and deficient in GPI biosynthesis. By genetic complementation, we determined that one mutant cell was defective of the second subunit of dolichol phosphate mannose synthase (DPM2) and other five cells were of a putative catalytic subunit of inositol acyltransferase (PIG-W). Therefore, C. septicum alpha toxins are a useful screening probe for the isolation of various GPI-mutant cells.
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