Journal of Microbiology

Review

Recent Advances in CRISPR‑Cas Technologies for Synthetic Biology: Song Hee Jeong , Ho Joung Lee , Sang Jun Lee; J. Microbiol. 2023;61(1):13-36. Published online February 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-00005-5

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With developments in synthetic biology, “engineering biology” has emerged through standardization and platformization based on hierarchical, orthogonal, and modularized biological systems. Genome engineering is necessary to manufacture and design synthetic cells with desired functions by using bioparts obtained from sequence databases. Among various tools, the CRISPR-Cas system is modularly composed of guide RNA and Cas nuclease; therefore, it is convenient for editing the genome freely. Recently, various strategies have been developed to accurately edit the genome at a single nucleotide level. Furthermore, CRISPR-Cas technology has been extended to molecular diagnostics for nucleic acids and detection of pathogens, including disease-causing viruses. Moreover, CRISPR technology, which can precisely control the expression of specific genes in cells, is evolving to find the target of metabolic biotechnology. In this review, we summarize the status of various CRISPR technologies that can be applied to synthetic biology and discuss the development of synthetic biology combined with CRISPR technology in microbiology.

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Journal Articles

Salicibibacter halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from kimchi: Young Joon Oh , Joon Yong Kim , Hyo Kyeong Park , Ja-Young Jang , Seul Ki Lim , Min-Sung Kwon , Hak-Jong Choi; J. Microbiol. 2019;57(11):997-1002. Published online October 28, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-9421-z

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Abstract

A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, alkalitolerant, and halophilic bacterium–designated as strain NKC3-5T–was isolated from kimchi that was collected from the Geumsan area in the Republic of Korea. Cells of isolated strain NKC3-5T were 0.5–0.7􍾘μm wide and 1.4–2.8 μm long. The strain NKC3-5T could grow at up to 20.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 10%), pH 6.5–10.0 (optimum pH 9.0), and 25–40°C (optimum 35°C). The cells were able to reduce nitrate under aerobic conditions, which is the first report in the genus Salicibibacter. The genome size and genomic G + C content of strain NKC3-5T were 3,754,174 bp and 45.9 mol%, respectively; it contained 3,630 coding sequences, 16S rRNA genes (six 16S, five 5S, and five 23S), and 59 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA showed that strain NKC- 3-5T clustered with bacterium Salicibibacter kimchii NKC1-1T, with a similarity of 96.2–97.6%, but formed a distinct branch with other published species of the family Bacillaceae. In addition, OrthoANI value between strain NKC3-5T and Salicibibacter kimchii NKC1-1T was far lower than the species demarcation threshold. Using functional genome annotation, the result found that carbohydrate, amino acid, and vitamin metabolism related genes were highly distributed in the genome of strain NKC3-5T. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that strain NKC3-5T had 716 pan-genome orthologous groups (POGs), dominated with carbohydrate metabolism. Phylogenomic analysis based on the concatenated core POGs revealed that strain NKC3-5T was closely related to Salicibibacter kimchii. The predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified lipids. Anteiso- C15:0, iso-C17:0, anteiso-C17:0, and iso-C15:0 were the major cellular fatty acids, and menaquinone-7 was the major isoprenoid quinone present in strain NKC3-5T. Cell wall peptidoglycan analysis of strain NKC3-5T showed that meso-diaminopimelic acid was the diagnostic diamino acid. The phenotypic, genomic, phylogenetic, and chemotaxonomic properties reveal that the strain represents a novel species of the genus Salicibibacter, for which the name Salicibibacter halophilus sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain NKC3-5T (= KACC 21230T = JCM 33437T).

Citations

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Salicibibacter cibarius sp. nov. and Salicibibacter cibi sp. nov., two novel species of the family Bacillaceae isolated from kimchi
Young Joon Oh, Joon Yong Kim, Seul Ki Lim, Min-Sung Kwon, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2021; 59(5): 460. CrossRef
The Methods of Digging for “Gold” within the Salt: Characterization of Halophilic Prokaryotes and Identification of Their Valuable Biological Products Using Sequencing and Genome Mining Tools
Jakub Lach, Paulina Jęcz, Dominik Strapagiel, Agnieszka Matera-Witkiewicz, Paweł Stączek
Genes.2021; 12(11): 1756. CrossRef
List of new names and new combinations that have appeared in effective publications outside of the IJSEM and are submitted for valid publication
Aharon Oren, George M. Garrity
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2019;[Epub] CrossRef

Salicibibacter kimchii gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic and alkalitolerant bacterium in the family Bacillaceae, isolated from kimchi: Ja-Young Jang , Young Joon Oh , Seul Ki Lim , Hyo Kyeong Park , Changsu Lee , Joon Yong Kim , Mi-Ai Lee , Hak-Jong Choi; J. Microbiol. 2018;56(12):880-885. Published online October 25, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-8518-0

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Abstract

A moderately halophilic and alkalitolerant bacterial strain NKC1-1T was isolated from commercial kimchi in Korea. Strain NKC1-1T was Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, and contained diaminopimelic acid-type murein. Cell growth was observed in a medium containing 0–25% (w/v) NaCl (optimal at 10% [w/v]), at 20–40°C (optimal at 37°C) and pH 6.5–10.0 (optimal at pH 9.0). The major isoprenoid quinone of the isolate was menaquinone-7, and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and unidentified phospholipids. Cell membrane of the strain contained iso-C17:0 and anteiso-C15:0 as the major fatty acids. Its DNA G + C content was 45.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the strain to be most closely related to Geomicrobium halophilum with 92.7–92.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Based on polyphasic taxonomic evaluation with phenotypic, phylogenetic, and chemotaxonomic analyses, the strain represents a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Salicibibacter kimchii gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed (= CECT 9537T; KCCM 43276T).

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A taxonomic note on the order Caryophanales: description of 12 novel families and emended description of 21 families
Yangjie Li, Dechao Zhang, Dexin Bo, Donghai Peng, Ming Sun, Jinshui Zheng
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Microorganisms.2022; 10(12): 2355. CrossRef
Salicibibacter cibarius sp. nov. and Salicibibacter cibi sp. nov., two novel species of the family Bacillaceae isolated from kimchi
Young Joon Oh, Joon Yong Kim, Seul Ki Lim, Min-Sung Kwon, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2021; 59(5): 460. CrossRef
The Methods of Digging for “Gold” within the Salt: Characterization of Halophilic Prokaryotes and Identification of Their Valuable Biological Products Using Sequencing and Genome Mining Tools
Jakub Lach, Paulina Jęcz, Dominik Strapagiel, Agnieszka Matera-Witkiewicz, Paweł Stączek
Genes.2021; 12(11): 1756. CrossRef
Genomic characterization of nine Clostridioides difficile strains isolated from Korean patients with Clostridioides difficile infection
Seung Woo Ahn, Se Hee Lee, Uh Jin Kim, Hee-Chang Jang, Hak-Jong Choi, Hyon E. Choy, Seung Ji Kang, Seong Woon Roh
Gut Pathogens.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Haloplanus rubicundus sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from solar salt
Yeon Bee Kim, Joon Yong Kim, Hye Seon Song, Se Hee Lee, Na-Ri Shin, Jin-Woo Bae, Jinjong Myoung, Ki-Eun Lee, In-Tae Cha, Jin-Kyu Rhee, Seong Woon Roh
Systematic and Applied Microbiology.2020; 43(3): 126085. CrossRef
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Min Young Jung, Changsu Lee, Myung-Ji Seo, Seong Woon Roh, Se Hee Lee
BMC Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Lentibacillus cibarius sp. nov., isolated from kimchi, a Korean fermented food
Young Joon Oh, Joon Yong Kim, Hee Eun Jo, Hyo Kyeong Park, Seul Ki Lim, Min-Sung Kwon, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2020; 58(5): 387. CrossRef
Effects of an auxin-producing symbiotic bacterium on cell growth of the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis: Elevation of cell density and prolongation of exponential stage
Changsu Lee, Min Seo Jeon, Joon Yong Kim, Se Hee Lee, Dae Geun Kim, Seong Woon Roh, Yoon-E Choi
Algal Research.2019; 41: 101547. CrossRef
Salicibibacter halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from kimchi
Young Joon Oh, Joon Yong Kim, Hyo Kyeong Park, Ja-Young Jang, Seul Ki Lim, Min-Sung Kwon, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2019; 57(11): 997. CrossRef
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Floriane Gaucher, Koffigan Kponouglo, Houem Rabah, Sylvie Bonnassie, Jordane Ossemond, Sandrine Pottier, Julien Jardin, Valérie Briard-Bion, Pierre Marchand, Philippe Blanc, Romain Jeantet, Gwénaël Jan
Frontiers in Microbiology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

Virgibacillus kimchii sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from kimchi: Young Joon Oh , Ja-Young Jang , Seul Ki Lim , Min-Sung Kwon , Jieun Lee , NamHee Kim , Mi-Young Shin , Hyo Kyeong Park , Myung-Ji Seo , Hak-Jong Choi; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(12):933-938. Published online December 7, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-7386-3

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Abstract

A Gram-stain-positive, halophilic, rod-shaped, non-motile, spore forming bacterium, strain NKC1-2T, was isolated from kimchi, a Korean fermented food. Comparative analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence demonstrated that the isolated strain was a species of the genus Virgibacillus. Strain NKC1- 2T exhibited high level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strains of Virgibacillus xinjiangensis SL6-1T (96.9%), V. sediminis YIM kkny3T (96.8%), and V. salarius SA-Vb1T (96.7%). The isolate grew at pH 6.5–10.0 (optimum, pH 8.5–9.0), 0.0–25.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 10–15% NaCl), and 15–50°C (optimum, 37°C). The major menaquinone in the strain was menaquinone-7, and the main peptidoglycan of the strain was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant fatty acids of the strain were iso-C14:0, anteisio-C15:0, iso- C15:0, and iso-C16:0 (other components were < 10.0%). The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The genomic DNA G + C content of NKC1-2T was 42.5 mol%. On the basis of these findings, strain NKC1- 2T is proposed as a novel species in the genus Virgibacillus, for which the name Virgibacillus kimchii sp. nov. is proposed (=KACC 19404T =JCM 32284T). The type strain of Virgibacillus kimchii is NKC1-2T.

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Bioprospecting for moderately halophilic eubacteria for potential biotechnological applications from Sambhar Lake, Rajasthan, India
Saloni Singh, Ayushi Goyal, Kakoli Dutt
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Salicibibacter cibarius sp. nov. and Salicibibacter cibi sp. nov., two novel species of the family Bacillaceae isolated from kimchi
Young Joon Oh, Joon Yong Kim, Seul Ki Lim, Min-Sung Kwon, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2021; 59(5): 460. CrossRef
Salicibibacter halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from kimchi
Young Joon Oh, Joon Yong Kim, Hyo Kyeong Park, Ja-Young Jang, Seul Ki Lim, Min-Sung Kwon, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2019; 57(11): 997. CrossRef
Mining biosynthetic gene clusters in Virgibacillus genomes
Ghofran Othoum, Salim Bougouffa, Ameerah Bokhari, Feras F. Lafi, Takashi Gojobori, Heribert Hirt, Ivan Mijakovic, Vladimir B. Bajic, Magbubah Essack
BMC Genomics.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
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International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2019;[Epub] CrossRef
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Joon Yong Kim, Juseok Kim, In-Tae Cha, Min Young Jung, Hye Seon Song, Yeon Bee Kim, Changsu Lee, Seung-Yeon Kang, Jin-Woo Bae, Yoon-E Choi, Tae-Woon Kim, Seong Woon Roh
Journal of Microbiology.2019; 57(1): 30. CrossRef
Salicibibacter kimchii gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic and alkalitolerant bacterium in the family Bacillaceae, isolated from kimchi
Ja-Young Jang, Young Joon Oh, Seul Ki Lim, Hyo Kyeong Park, Changsu Lee, Joon Yong Kim, Mi-Ai Lee, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2018; 56(12): 880. CrossRef
Lactobacillus curvatusHY7601 andLactobacillus plantarumKY1032 Cell Extracts Inhibit Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 and HepG2 Cells
Woon Hee Jeung, Jae-Jung Shim, Seon-Wook Woo, Jae-Hun Sim, Jung-Lyoul Lee
Journal of Medicinal Food.2018; 21(9): 876. CrossRef

Gracilibacillus kimchii sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from kimchi§: Young Joon Oh , Hae-Won Lee , Seul Ki Lim , Min-Sung Kwon , Jieun Lee , Ja-Young Jang , Hae Woong Park , Young-Do Nam , Myung-Ji Seo , Hak-Jong Choi; J. Microbiol. 2016;54(9):588-593. Published online August 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-6349-4

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Abstract

A novel halophilic bacterium, strain K7T, was isolated from kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented food. The strain is Gram-positive, motile, and produces terminal endospores. The isolate is facultative aerobic and grows at salinities of 0.0–25.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 10–15% NaCl), pH 5.5–8.5 (optimum pH 7.0–7.5), and 15–42°C (optimum 37°C). The predominant isoprenoid quinone in the strain is menaquinone- 7 and the peptidoglycan of the strain is meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major fatty acids of the strain are anteisio- C15:0, iso-C15:0, and, C16:0 (other components were < 10.0%), while the major polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, and three unidentified lipids. A phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity showed that the isolated strain was a cluster of the genus Gracilibacillus. High levels of gene sequence similarity were observed between strain K7T and Gracilibacillus orientalis XH-63T (96.5%), and between the present strain and Gracilibacillus xinjiangensis (96.5%). The DNA G+C content of this strain is 37.7 mol%. Based on these findings, strain K7T is proposed as a novel species: Gracilibacillus kimchii sp. nov. The type strain is K7T (KACC 18669T; JCM 31344T).

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Salicibibacter cibarius sp. nov. and Salicibibacter cibi sp. nov., two novel species of the family Bacillaceae isolated from kimchi
Young Joon Oh, Joon Yong Kim, Seul Ki Lim, Min-Sung Kwon, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2021; 59(5): 460. CrossRef
Characterization of β-galactosidase and α-galactosidase activities from the halophilic bacterium Gracilibacillus dipsosauri
Charles E. Deutch, Amy M. Farden, Emily S. DiCesare
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Genomic sequencing of Gracilibacillus dipsosauri reveals key properties of a salt-tolerant α-amylase
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Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.2020; 113(7): 1049. CrossRef
Lentibacillus cibarius sp. nov., isolated from kimchi, a Korean fermented food
Young Joon Oh, Joon Yong Kim, Hee Eun Jo, Hyo Kyeong Park, Seul Ki Lim, Min-Sung Kwon, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2020; 58(5): 387. CrossRef
Salicibibacter halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from kimchi
Young Joon Oh, Joon Yong Kim, Hyo Kyeong Park, Ja-Young Jang, Seul Ki Lim, Min-Sung Kwon, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2019; 57(11): 997. CrossRef
List of new names and new combinations that have appeared in effective publications outside of the IJSEM and are submitted for valid publication
Aharon Oren, George M. Garrity
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Salicibibacter kimchii gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic and alkalitolerant bacterium in the family Bacillaceae, isolated from kimchi
Ja-Young Jang, Young Joon Oh, Seul Ki Lim, Hyo Kyeong Park, Changsu Lee, Joon Yong Kim, Mi-Ai Lee, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2018; 56(12): 880. CrossRef
Virgibacillus kimchii sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from kimchi
Young Joon Oh, Ja-Young Jang, Seul Ki Lim, Min-Sung Kwon, Jieun Lee, NamHee Kim, Mi-Young Shin, Hyo Kyeong Park, Myung-Ji Seo, Hak-Jong Choi
Journal of Microbiology.2017; 55(12): 933. CrossRef

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Oceanobacillus manasiensis sp. nov., a Moderately Halophilic Bacterium Isolated from the Salt Lakes of Xinjiang, China: Lei Wang , Wen-Yan Liu , Zhi-Jing Gu , San-Feng Chen , Su-Sheng Yang; J. Microbiol. 2010;48(3):312-317. Published online June 23, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-010-0135-5

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Abstract: Three Gram reaction positive, rod-shaped, moderately motile halophilic bacterial strains, designated YD3-56T, YD16, and YH29, were isolated from the sediments of Manasi and Aiding salt lakes in the Xinjiang region of China, respectively. The strains grew optimally at 30-37°C, pH 8-11, in the presence of 5-10% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strains were closely related to members of the genus Oceanobacillus, exhibiting 99.1-99.2% similarity to O. kapialis KCTC 13177T, 99.2-99.3% to O. picturae KCTC 3821T, and 94.2-96% sequence similarity to other described Oceanobacillus species. SDS-PAGE of whole cell proteins preparations demonstrated that the strains exhibited high similarity to each other, but distinguished from O. kapialis KCTC 13177T and O. picturae KCTC 3821T (75%). DNA-DNA hybridization revealed that the similarity between the representative strain YD3-56T and O. kapialis KCTC 13177T was 35.3%, and the similarity between YD3-56T and O. picturae KCTC 3821T was 22.3%. Chemotaxonomic analysis of the strains showed menaquinone-7 was the predominant respiratory quinine. Major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0. The polar lipid pattern for strain YD3-56T predominantly contained phosphatidylcholine, and trace to moderate amounts of phosphatidyl ethanolamine and hydroxy-phosphatidyl ethanolamine. The diamino acid in murein was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The DNA G+C content of the strains was 39.7-40.1 mol%. On the basis of these results, the three strains should be classified as a novel species of the genus Oceanobacillus, for which the name Oceanobacillus manasiensis sp. nov. has been proposed, with the type strain as YD3-56T (=CGMCC 1.9105T =NBRC 105903T).

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