Journal of Microbiology

Journal Articles

Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum ABF21069 Ameliorate High Sucrose-Induced Obesity and Fatty Liver via Exopolysaccharide Production and β-oxidation: Yu Mi Jo, Yoon Ji Son, Seul-Ah Kim, Gyu Min Lee, Chang Won Ahn, Han-Oh Park, Ji-Hyun Yun; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(10):907-918. Published online October 17, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00173-6

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Abstract: Obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are prevalent metabolic disorders with substantial global health implications that are often inadequately addressed by current treatments and may have side effects. Probiotics have emerged as promising therapeutic agents owing to their beneficial effects on gut health and metabolism. This study investigated the synergistic effects of a probiotic combination of BNR17 and ABF21069 on obesity and MAFLD in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-sucrose diet. The probiotic combination significantly reduced body weight and fat accumulation compared with the high-sucrose diet. It also alleviated elevated serum leptin levels induced by a high-sucrose diet. Histological analysis revealed a significant reduction in white adipose tissue and fatty liver in the mice treated with the probiotic combination. Furthermore, increased expression of genes related to β-oxidation, thermogenesis, and lipolysis suggested enhanced metabolic activity. The probiotic groups, particularly the BNR17 group, showed an increase in fecal exopolysaccharides, along with a tendency toward a lower expression of intestinal sugar transport genes, indicating reduced sugar absorption. Additionally, inflammatory markers in the liver tissue exhibited lower expression in the ABF21069 group than in the HSD group. Despite each strain in the combination group having distinct characteristics and functions, their combined effect demonstrated synergy in mitigating obesity and MAFLD, likely through the modulation of fecal exopolysaccharides content and improvement in lipid metabolism. These findings underscore the potential of probiotic supplementation as a promising assistant therapy for managing obesity and MAFLD and provide valuable insights into its therapeutic mechanisms in metabolic disorders.

Characterization of staphylococcal endolysin LysSAP33 possessing untypical domain composition: Jun-Hyeok Yu , Do-Won Park , Jeong-A Lim , Jong-Hyun Park; J. Microbiol. 2021;59(9):840-847. Published online August 12, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1242-1

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Endolysin, a peptidoglycan hydrolase derived from bacteriophage, has been suggested as an alternative antimicrobial agent. Many endolysins on staphylococcal phages have been identified and applied extensively against Staphylococcus spp. Among them, LysK-like endolysin, a well-studied staphylococcal endolysin, accounts for most of the identified endolysins. However, relatively little interest has been paid to LysKunlike endolysin and a few of them has been characterized. An endolysin LysSAP33 encoded on bacteriophage SAP33 shared low homology with LysK-like endolysin in sequence by 41% and domain composition (CHAP-unknown CBD). A green fluorescence assay using a fusion protein for Lys- SAP33_CBD indicated that the CBD domain (157-251 aa) was bound to the peptidoglycan of S. aureus. The deletion of LysSAP33_CBD at the C-terminal region resulted in a significant decrease in lytic activity and efficacy. Compared to LysK-like endolysin, LysSAP33 retained its lytic activity in a broader range of temperature, pH, and NaCl concentrations. In addition, it showed a higher activity against biofilms than LysK-like endolysin. This study could be a helpful tool to develop our understanding of staphylococcal endolysins not belonging to LysK-like endolysins and a potential biocontrol agent against biofilms.

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Phage-Derived Endolysins Against Resistant Staphylococcus spp.: A Review of Features, Antibacterial Activities, and Recent Applications
Mina Golban, Javad Charostad, Hossein Kazemian, Hamid Heidari
Infectious Diseases and Therapy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular Machinery of the Triad Holin, Endolysin, and Spanin: Key Players Orchestrating Bacteriophage-Induced Cell Lysis and their Therapeutic Applications
Safia Samir
Protein & Peptide Letters.2024; 31(2): 85. CrossRef
A Novel Truncated CHAP Modular Endolysin, CHAPSAP26-161, That Lyses Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Clostridioides difficile, and Exhibits Therapeutic Effects in a Mouse Model of A. baumannii Infection
Yoon-Jung Choi, Shukho Kim, Ram Hari Dahal, Jungmin Kim
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2024; 34(8): 1718. CrossRef
Therapeutic potential of bacteriophage endolysins for infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria
He Liu, Zhen Hu, Mengyang Li, Yi Yang, Shuguang Lu, Xiancai Rao
Journal of Biomedical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Endolysin, a Promising Solution against Antimicrobial Resistance
Mujeeb ur Rahman, Weixiao Wang, Qingqing Sun, Junaid Ali Shah, Chao Li, Yanmei Sun, Yuanrui Li, Bailing Zhang, Wei Chen, Shiwei Wang
Antibiotics.2021; 10(11): 1277. CrossRef

The effects of deletion of cellobiohydrolase genes on carbon source-dependent growth and enzymatic lignocellulose hydrolysis in Trichoderma reesei: Meibin Ren , Yifan Wang , Guoxin Liu , Bin Zuo , Yuancheng Zhang , Yunhe Wang , Weifeng Liu , Xiangmei Liu , Yaohua Zhong; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(8):687-695. Published online June 10, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-9630-5

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Abstract

The saprophytic fungus Trichoderma reesei has long been used as a model to study microbial degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. The major cellulolytic enzymes of T. reesei are the cellobiohydrolases CBH1 and CBH2, which constitute more than 70% of total proteins secreted by the fungus. However, their physiological functions and effects on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose substrates are not sufficiently elucidated. Here, the cellobiohydrolase-encoding genes cbh1 and cbh2 were deleted, individually or combinatively, by using an auxotrophic marker-recycling technique in T. reesei. When cultured on media with different soluble carbon sources, all three deletion strains (Δcbh1, Δcbh2, and Δcbh1Δcbh2) exhibited no dramatic variation in morphological phenotypes, but their growth rates increased apparently when cultured on soluble cellulase-inducing carbon sources. In addition, Δcbh1 showed dramatically reduced growth and Δcbh1Δcbh2 could hardly grew on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), whereas all strains grew equally on sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), suggesting that the influence of the CBHs on growth was carbon source-dependent. Moreover, five representative cellulose substrates were used to analyse the influence of the absence of CBHs on saccharification efficiency. CBH1 deficiency significantly affected the enzymatic hydrolysis rates of various cellulose substrates, where acid pre-treated corn stover (PCS) was influenced the least. CBH2 deficiency reduced the hydrolysis of MCC, PCS, and acid pre-treated and delignified corncob but improved the hydrolysis ability of filter paper. These results demonstrate the specific contributions of CBHs to the hydrolysis of different types of biomass, which could facilitate the development of tailor-made strains with highly efficient hydrolysis enzymes for certain biomass types in the biofuel industry.

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An efficient CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system based on a multiple sgRNA processing platform in Trichoderma reesei for strain improvement and enzyme production
Jiaxin Zhang, Kehang Li, Yu Sun, Cheng Yao, Weifeng Liu, Hong Liu, Yaohua Zhong
Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Transcriptome-wide analysis of a superior xylan degrading isolate Penicillium oxalicum 5–18 revealed active lignocellulosic degrading genes
Shuang Hu, Pei Han, Bao-Teng Wang, Long Jin, Hong-Hua Ruan, Feng-Jie Jin
Archives of Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Engineering the secretome of Aspergillus niger for cellooligosaccharides production from plant biomass
Fernanda Lopes de Figueiredo, Fabiano Jares Contesini, César Rafael Fanchini Terrasan, Jaqueline Aline Gerhardt, Ana Beatriz Corrêa, Everton Paschoal Antoniel, Natália Sayuri Wassano, Lucas Levassor, Sarita Cândida Rabelo, Telma Teixeira Franco, Uffe Hasb
Microbial Cell Factories.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Constitutive overexpression of cellobiohydrolase 2 in Trichoderma reesei reveals its ability to initiate cellulose degradation
Yubo Wang, Meibin Ren, Yifan Wang, Lu Wang, Hong Liu, Mei Shi, Yaohua Zhong
Engineering Microbiology.2023; 3(1): 100059. CrossRef
Inducer-free recombinant protein production in Trichoderma reesei: secretory production of endogenous enzymes and heterologous nanobodies using glucose as the sole carbon source
Toshiharu Arai, Mayumi Wada, Hiroki Nishiguchi, Yasushi Takimura, Jun Ishii
Microbial Cell Factories.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Influence of Trctf1 Gene Knockout by CRISPR–Cas9 on Cellulase Synthesis by Trichoderma reesei with Various Soluble Inducers
Yudian Chen, Yushan Gao, Zancheng Wang, Nian Peng, Xiaoqin Ran, Tingting Chen, Lulu Liu, Yonghao Li
Fermentation.2023; 9(8): 746. CrossRef
The effect of cellobiohydrolase 1 gene knockout for composition and hydrolytic activity of the enzyme complex secreted by filamentous fungus Penicillium verruculosum
Valeriy Yu. Kislitsin, Andrey M. Chulkin, Ivan N. Zorov, Yuri А. Denisenko, Arkadiy P. Sinitsyn, Alexandra M. Rozhkova
Bioresource Technology Reports.2022; 18: 101023. CrossRef
Deciphering the efficient cellulose degradation by the thermophilic fungus Myceliophthora thermophila focused on the synergistic action of glycoside hydrolases and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases
Xing Qin, Jiahuan Zou, Kun Yang, Jinyang Li, Xiaolu Wang, Tao Tu, Yuan Wang, Bin Yao, Huoqing Huang, Huiying Luo
Bioresource Technology.2022; 364: 128027. CrossRef

WasC, a WASP family protein, is involved in cell adhesion and migration through regulation of F-actin polymerization in Dictyostelium: Pyeonghwa Jeon , Taeck Joong Jeon; J. Microbiol. 2020;58(8):696-702. Published online June 10, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0138-9

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Abstract

The actin cytoskeleton is involved in the regulation of cell morphology and migration. Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome proteins (WASPs) play an important role in controlling actin polymerization by activating the Arp2/3 complex. The present study investigated the roles of WasC, one of the 3 WASPs in Dictyostelium, in cellular processes. Cells lacking WasC displayed strong cell adhesion and approximately 1.5-fold increase in F-actin levels as compared to the wild-type cells. Loss of wasC caused defects in phagocytosis and decreased the migration speed in chemoattractant-mediated cell migration but did not affect directionality. WasC was localized to the protruding region in migrating cells and, transiently and rapidly translocated to the cell cortex in response to chemoattractant stimulation, in an F-actin dependent manner. Our
results
suggest that WasC is involved in cell adhesion and migration by regulating F-actin polymerization at the leading edge of migrating cells, probably as a negative regulator. The increased strength of adhesion in wasC null cells is likely to decrease the migration speed but not the directionality.

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Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome gene as a prognostic biomarker correlated with immune infiltrates in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Guixin Ding, Tianqi Wang, Shangjing Liu, Zhongbao Zhou, Jian Ma, Jitao Wu
Frontiers in Immunology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Dual regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by CARMIL-GAP
Goeh Jung, Miao Pan, Christopher J. Alexander, Tian Jin, John A. Hammer
Journal of Cell Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Regulation of the Actin Cytoskeleton via Rho GTPase Signalling in Dictyostelium and Mammalian Cells: A Parallel Slalom
Vedrana Filić, Lucija Mijanović, Darija Putar, Antea Talajić, Helena Ćetković, Igor Weber
Cells.2021; 10(7): 1592. CrossRef

Comparative analysis of the gut microbiota in distinct statin response patients in East China: Baoqing Sun , Luming Li , Xinfu Zhou; J. Microbiol. 2018;56(12):886-892. Published online November 27, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-8152-x

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Abstract

Statin response shows great interindividual variations. Recently, emerging studies have shown that gut microbiota is linked to therapeutic responses to drugs, including statins. However, the association between the gut bacteria composition and statin response is still unclear. In this study, gut microbiota of 202 hyperlipidemic patients with statin sensitive (SS) response and statin resistant (SR) response in East China were investigated by high throughput sequencing to compare the gut bacteria composition and biodiversity in distinct statin response patients. Higher biodiversity was detected in Group SS than Group SR. Specifically, group SS showed significantly increased proportion of genera Lactobacillus (P = 0.001), Eubacterium (P = 0.004), Faecalibacterium (P = 0.005), and Bifidobacterium (P = 0.002) and decreased proportion of genus Clostridium (P = 0.001) compared to Group SR. The results indicated that higher gut biodiversity was associated with statin sensitive response. The increased genera Lactobacillus, Eubacterium, Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, and decreased genus Clostridium in patient gut microbiota may predict patient's statin response, and hence may guide statin dosage adjustments.

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Lara Pires, Ana M. González-Paramás, Sandrina A. Heleno, Ricardo C. Calhelha
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Gangani Dharmarathne, Samia Kazi, Shalinie King, Thilini N. Jayasinghe
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A gut feeling of statin
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Shiqin Zhang, Xiaoling Ren, Bingzheng Zhang, Tian Lan, Bing Liu
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Hao-Jian Zhang, Yan Wang, Jian-Dong Jiang
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Brandon Flaig, Rachel Garza, Bhavdeep Singh, Sevag Hamamah, Mihai Covasa
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Current Cardiology Reviews.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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ChangXin Sun, ZePing Wang, LanQing Hu, XiaoNan Zhang, JiYe Chen, ZongLiang Yu, LongTao Liu, Min Wu
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Inmaculada Ramírez-Macías, Esteban Orenes-Piñero, Anny Camelo-Castillo, José Miguel Rivera-Caravaca, Cecilia López-García, Francisco Marín
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition.2022; 62(14): 3738. CrossRef
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Yunpeng Liu, Jing Dong, Ziqing Zhang, Yiqi Liu, Yang Wang
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Daniel A. Schupack, Ruben A. T. Mars, Dayne H. Voelker, Jithma P. Abeykoon, Purna C. Kashyap
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The gut microbiota is associated with clinical response to statin treatment in patients with coronary artery disease
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Margaret Vourakis, Gaétan Mayer, Guy Rousseau
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Yongzhong Zhao, Zeneng Wang
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Photosynthetic and biochemical responses of the freshwater green algae Closterium ehrenbergii Meneghini (Conjugatophyceae) exposed to the metal coppers and its implication for toxicity testing: Hui Wang , Vinitha Ebenezer , Jang-Seu Ki; J. Microbiol. 2018;56(6):426-434. Published online June 1, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-8081-8

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Abstract

The freshwater green algae Closterium is sensitive to water quality, and hence has been suggested as ideal organisms for toxicity testing. In the present study, we evaluated the photosynthetic and biochemical responses of C. ehrenbergii to the common contaminants, coppers. The 72 h median effective concentrations (EC50) of CuSO4 and CuCl2 on the test organism were calculated to be 0.202 mg/L and 0.245 mg/L, respectively. Exposure to both coppers considerably decreased pigment levels and photosynthetic efficiency, while inducing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells with increased exposure time. Moreover, the coppers significantly increased the levels of lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, even at relatively lower concentrations. These suggest that copper contaminants may exert deleterious effects on the photosynthesis and cellular oxidative stress of C. ehrenbergii, representing its powerful potential in aquatic toxicity assessments.

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Application of high-salinity stress for enhancing the lipid productivity of Chlorella sorokiniana HS1 in a two-phase process: Ramesh Kakarla , Jung-Woon Choi , Jin-Ho Yun , Byung-Hyuk Kim , Jina Heo , Sujin Lee , Dae-Hyun Cho , Rishiram Ramanan , Hee-Sik Kim; J. Microbiol. 2018;56(1):56-64. Published online January 4, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-018-7488-6

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Abstract

Increased lipid accumulation of algal cells as a response to environmental stress factors attracted much attention of researchers to incorporate this stress response into industrial algal cultivation process with the aim of enhancing algal lipid productivity. This study applies high-salinity stress condition to a two-phase process in which microalgal cells are initially grown in freshwater medium until late exponential phase and subsequently subjected to high-salinity condition that induces excessive lipid accumulation. Our initial experiment revealed that the concentrated culture of Chlorella sorokiniana HS1 exhibited the intense fluorescence of Nile red at the NaCl concentration of 60 g/L along with 1 g/L of supplemental bicarbonate after 48 h of induction period without significantly compromising cultural integrity. These conditions were further verified with the algal culture grown for 7 days in a 1 L bottle reactor that reached late exponential phase; a 12% increment in the lipid content of harvested biomass was observed upon inducing high lipid accumulation in the concentrated algal culture at the density of 5.0 g DW/L. Although an increase in the sum of carbohydrate and lipid contents of harvested biomass indicated that the external carbon source supplemented during the induction period increased overall carbon assimilation, a decrease in carbohydrate content suggested the potential reallocation of cellular carbon that promoted lipid droplet formation under high-salinity stress. These
results
thus emphasize that the two-phase process can be successfully implemented to enhance algal lipid productivity by incorporating high-salinity stress conditions into the pre-concentrated sedimentation ponds of industrial algal production system.

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Abstract

Cultivation of the smooth colony Mycobacterium abscessus at the sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of amikacin changed its growth pattern including its colony morphology (smooth to rough) and cell arrangement (dispersed to cord formation). In addition, reduced sliding motility and biofilm formation were observed. The amount of glycogpetidolipid (GPL) and mRNA expression of key genes involved in GPL synthesis were decreased in the amikacin-treated M. abscessus strain. An in vitro infection assay revealed that the amikacin-treated smooth M. abscessus strain induced more pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) than that of the smooth strain in murine macrophage cells. These results suggest that long-term exposure to a low concentration of amikacin causes a physical change in the cell wall which may increase its virulence.

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Abstract

There are marked differences between wet and freeze-dried cells with regard to the identification of polar lipid components. The determination of the polar lipid composition of freeze-dried cells is well established. However, several approaches to identifying polar lipid components in wet cells have met with limited success owing to the presence of non-polar compounds in the extracts, resulting in a lipid composition with a narrow scope. In this study, we surveyed the lipid profiles of the wet biomasses of three Gram-positive (Microbacterium lacticum, Rhodococcus koreensis, and Streptomyces longwoodensis) and two Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Novosphingobium capsulatum) bacteria; the results were comparable in quality to those obtained using a standard freeze-dried approach. Moreover, our improved method ensures simple lipid extraction. Overall, the results of the analysis showed minor lipid profile differences between the two approaches with regard to quantity, and lipid identification was consistent in both methods for all species.

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Abstract

Lipid droplets consist of a core of neutral lipids surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer with bound proteins. Much of the information on lipid droplet function comes from proteomic and lipodomic studies that identify the components of droplets isolated from organisms throughout the phylogenetic tree. Here, we add to that important inventory by reporting lipid droplet factors from the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Unique to this study was the fact that cells were cultured in three different environments: 1) late log growth phase in glucose-based media, 2) stationary phase in glucosebased media, and 3) late log growth phase in media containing oleic acid. We confirmed colocalization of major factors with lipid droplets using live-cell fluorescent microscopy. We also analyzed droplets from each of the three conditions for sterol ester (SE) and triacylglycerol (TAG) content, along with their respective fatty acid compositions. We identified a previously undiscovered lipid droplet protein, Vip1p, which affects droplet size distribution. The results provide further insight into the workings of these ubiquitous organelles.

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Lipids.2017; 52(6): 465. CrossRef

Review

REVIEW] All about that fat: Lipid modification of proteins in Cryptococcus neoformans: Felipe H. Santiago-Tirado , Tamara L. Doering; J. Microbiol. 2016;54(3):212-222. Published online February 27, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-016-5626-6

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Abstract

Lipid modification of proteins is a widespread, essential process whereby fatty acids, cholesterol, isoprenoids, phospholipids, or glycosylphospholipids are attached to polypeptides. These hydrophobic groups may affect protein structure, function, localization, and/or stability; as a consequence such modifications play critical regulatory roles in cellular systems. Recent advances in chemical biology and proteomics have allowed the profiling of modified proteins, enabling dissection of the functional consequences of lipid addition. The enzymes that mediate lipid modification are specific for both the lipid and protein substrates, and are conserved from fungi to humans. In this article we review these enzymes, their substrates, and the processes involved in eukaryotic lipid modification of proteins. We further focus on its occurrence in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans, highlighting unique features that are both relevant for the biology of the organism and potentially important in the search for new therapies.

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Acylation of non‐specific phospholipase C4 determines its function in plant response to phosphate deficiency
Bao Yang, Ke Zhang, Xiong Jin, Jiayu Yan, Shaoping Lu, Qingwen Shen, Lei Guo, Yueyun Hong, Xuemin Wang, Liang Guo
The Plant Journal.2021; 106(6): 1647. CrossRef
Genome Sequence, Assembly, and Characterization of the Antagonistic Yeast Candida oleophila Used as a Biocontrol Agent Against Post-harvest Diseases
Yuan Sui, Michael Wisniewski, Samir Droby, Edoardo Piombo, Xuehong Wu, Junyang Yue
Frontiers in Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Peeling the onion: the outer layers of Cryptococcus neoformans
Daniel P Agustinho, Liza C Miller, Lucy X Li, Tamara L Doering
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
The molecular era of protein S-acylation: spotlight on structure, mechanisms, and dynamics
María-Eugenia Zaballa, F. Gisou van der Goot
Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.2018; 53(4): 420. CrossRef
Glucosamine stimulates pheromone-independent dimorphic transition in Cryptococcus neoformans by promoting Crz1 nuclear translocation
Xinping Xu, Jianfeng Lin, Youbao Zhao, Elyssa Kirkman, Yee-Seul So, Yong-Sun Bahn, Xiaorong Lin, Aaron P. Mitchell
PLOS Genetics.2017; 13(9): e1006982. CrossRef
Alpha-helicoidal HEAT-like Repeat Proteins (αRep) Selected as Interactors of HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Negatively Interfere with Viral Genome Packaging and Virus Maturation
Sudarat Hadpech, Sawitree Nangola, Koollawat Chupradit, Kanda Fanhchaksai, Wilhelm Furnon, Agathe Urvoas, Marie Valerio-Lepiniec, Philippe Minard, Pierre Boulanger, Saw-See Hong, Chatchai Tayapiwatana
Scientific Reports.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Human fungal pathogens: Why should we learn?
Jeong-Yoon Kim
Journal of Microbiology.2016; 54(3): 145. CrossRef
Interactions between Melanin Enzymes and Their Atypical Recruitment to the Secretory Pathway by Palmitoylation
Srijana Upadhyay, Xinping Xu, Xiaorong Lin, J. Andrew Alspaugh
mBio.2016;[Epub] CrossRef

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts

Bacillus cheonanensis sp. nov. Isolated from Near Poultry Farm Soil: Hyun-Ju Kim , Cheol-Su Park , Siwon Lee , Tae-Young Ahn; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(7):554-558. Published online May 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-3458-9

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Abstract

A novel bacterial strain, designated PFS-5T, was isolated from the soil environment with feces of a live poultry farm located in Cheonan, Republic of Korea. Strain PFS-5T was Gram-staining-positive, motile, strictly aerobic bacterium, rod-shaped, and endospore-forming. The strain contained meso-diaminopimelic acid in their peptidoglycan and MK-7 menaquinone. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0 (44.2%), C16:0 (22.2%), and iso-C15:0 (16.7%). The DNA G+C content was 40.1 mol%. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis identified strain PFS-5T in the genus Bacillus, exhibiting the highest level of sequence similarity with type strain of B. herbersteinensis D-1,5aT (96.9%), B. humi LMG 22167T (96.7%), B. alkalitelluris BA288T (96.1%), B. litoralis SW-211T (96.0%), and B. luteolus YIM93174T (95.5%). The major polar lipids of PFS-5T were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. On the basis of result from poly-phasic data, strain PFS-5T represents a novel species, for which the name Bacillus cheonanensis sp. nov. is proposed (Type strain PFS-5T= KACC 17469T= JCM19333T).

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Bacillus coreaensis sp. nov.: a xylan-hydrolyzing bacterium isolated from the soil of Jeju Island, Republic of Korea
Won-Jae Chi, Young Sang Youn, Jae-Seon Park, Soon-Kwang Hong
Journal of Microbiology.2015; 53(7): 448. CrossRef

NOTE] Pedobacter jeongneungensis sp. nov., Isolated from Forest Soil: Jaejoon Jung , Woojun Park; J. Microbiol. 2012;50(4):660-664. Published online July 21, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-1629-0

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Abstract

Strain BH45T was isolated from forest soil of Mt. Bukhan in Jeongneung, Seoul, Korea. The Gram-staining-negative strain BH45T grows at 4–30°C (optimum of 25–30°C) and between pH 5–8 (optimum of pH 6–8). Its major cellular fatty acids are C18:3 ω6c (6,9,12) and C10:0. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 40.2 mol%. The major respiratory quinone system in strain BH45T is menaquinone-7. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicates that strain BH45T is closely related to the genus Pedobacter. Sequence similarities with P. terrae KCTC 12762T, P. suwonensis KACC 11317T, P. soli KACC 14939T, P. alluvionis DSM 19624T, P. roseus KCCM 42272T, P. yonginense KCTC 22721T were 97.5, 97.1, 97.0, 97.0, 97.0, and 96.0%, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization results distinguish strain BH45T from two Pedobacter species with high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities. According to the phenotypic and molecular data, the strain BH45T clearly represents a novel species within the genus Pedobacter; thus, the name Pedobacter jeongneungensis sp. nov. is proposed for this strain. The type strain is BH45T (=KACC 15514T =JCM 17626T).

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Pedobacter faecalis sp. nov., isolated from the faeces of eland, Taurotragus oryx
Yerim Park, Jihyeon Min, Bitnara Kim, Woojun Park
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Rheinheimera faecalis sp. nov., isolated from Ceratotherium simum feces
Yerim Park, Minkyung Kim, Yeji Cha, Woojun Park
Archives of Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Aquibium microcysteis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a Microcystis aeruginosa culture and reclassification of Mesorhizobium carbonis as Aquibium carbonis comb. nov. and Mesorhizobium oceanicum as Aquibium oceanicum comb. nov
Minkyung Kim, Wonjae Kim, Woojun Park
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Niveibacterium microcysteis sp. nov., isolated from a cyanobacterial bloom sample
Mingyeong Kang, Woojun Park
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Pedobacter ghigonii sp. nov., Isolated from the Microbiota of the Planarian Schmidtea mediterranea
Luis Johnson Kangale, Didier Raoult, Fournier Pierre-Edouard
Microbiology Research.2021; 12(2): 268. CrossRef
Flavobacterium phycosphaerae sp. nov. isolated from the phycosphere of Microcystis aeruginosa
Minkyung Kim, Byoung-Hee Lee, Ki-Eun Lee, Woojun Park
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Pedobacter vanadiisoli sp. nov., isolated from soil of a vanadium mine
Zhiyong Wang, Yuanqing Tan, Ding Xu, Gejiao Wang, Jihong Yuan, Shixue Zheng
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology.2016; 66(12): 5112. CrossRef

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Sulfolipid Accumulation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Disrupted in the mce2 Operon: Olivera Marjanovic , Anthony T. Iavarone , Lee W. Riley; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(3):441-447. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-0435-4

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Abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, has a lipid-rich cell wall that serves as an effective barrier against drugs and toxic host cell products, which may contribute to the organism’s persistence in a host. M. tuberculosis contains four homologous operons called mce (mce1-4) that encode putative ABC transporters involved in lipid importation across the cell wall. Here, we analyzed the lipid composition of M. tuberculosis disrupted in the mce2 operon. High resolution mass spectrometric and thin layer chromatographic analyses of the mutant’s cell wall lipid extracts showed accumulation of SL-1 and SL1278 molecules. Radiographic quantitative analysis and densitometry revealed 2.9, 3.9 and 9.8-fold greater amount of [35S] SL-1 in the mce2 operon mutant compared to the wild type M. tuberculosis during the early/mid logarithmic, late logarithmic and stationary phase of growth in liquid broth, respectively. The amount of [35S] SL1278 in the mutant also increased progressively over the same growth phases. The expression of the mce2 operon genes in the wild type strain progressively increased from the logarithmic to the stationary phase of bacterial growth in vitro, which inversely correlated with the proportion of radiolabel incorporation into SL-1 and SL1278 at these phases. Since the mce2 operon is regulated in wild type M. tuberculosis, its cell wall may undergo changes in SL-1 and SL1278 contents during a natural course of infection and this may serve as an important adaptive strategy for M. tuberculosis to maintain persistence in a host.

Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Transcriptional Control of Genes Involved in Yeast Phospholipid Biosynthesis: Roshini Wimalarathna , Chen-Han Tsai , Chang-Hui Shen; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(2):265-273. Published online May 3, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1130-1

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Abstract: Phospholipid biosynthetic genes encode enzymes responsible for phospholipid biosynthesis. They are coordinately regulated by the availability of phospholipid precursors through the inositol-sensitive upstream activating sequence (UASINO). However, not all phospholipid genes are UASINO-containing genes and not all UASINO-containing genes have the same response to the phospholipid precursors. Therefore, the transcriptional regulation of phospholipid genes in response to the availability of phospholipid precursors is still unclear. Here, 22 out of 47 phospholipid biosynthetic genes were identified as UASINO-containing genes, including EKI1, EPT1, INM1, IPK2, KCS1, PAH1, and PIK1 which have never been reported before. We also showed, using qRTPCR technique, that 12 UASINO-containing genes are down-regulated by 100 μM inositol in the wild type cells and up-regulated by 100 μM inositol in the ino2Δ cells. Therefore, it is possible that these genes are transcriptionally regulated by the UASINO through the negative response of Ino2p to inositol. One other UASINO-containing gene might be regulated by the positive response of Ino2p to 100 μM inositol. Surprisingly, we found 9 UASINO-containing genes are not dependent on the response of Ino2p to 100 μM inositol, indicating that they may be regulated by other pathway. Furthermore, we identified 9 and 3 non-UASINO-containing genes that are possibly regulated by the negative and positive response of Ino2p to 100 μM inositol, respectively. Therefore, these observations provide insight into the understanding of the co-regulated phospholipid biosynthetic genes expression.

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