Journal of Microbiology

Reviews

Microbiome-Mucosal Immunity Nexus: Driving Forces in Respiratory Disease Progression: Young Chae Park, Soo Yeon Choi, Yunah Cha, Hyeong Won Yoon, Young Min Son; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(9):709-725. Published online September 6, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00167-4

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The importance of the complex interplay between the microbiome and mucosal immunity, particularly within the respiratory tract, has gained significant attention due to its potential implications for the severity and progression of lung diseases. Therefore, this review summarizes the specific interactions through which the respiratory tract-specific microbiome influences mucosal immunity and ultimately impacts respiratory health. Furthermore, we discuss how the microbiome affects mucosal immunity, considering tissue-specific variations, and its capacity in respiratory diseases containing asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. Additionally, we investigate the external factors which affect the relationship between respiratory microbiome and mucosal immune responses. By exploring these intricate interactions, this review provides valuable insights into the potential for microbiome-based interventions to modulate mucosal immunity and alleviate the severity of respiratory diseases.

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Bacteria and fungi of the lung: allies or enemies?
Enrico Garaci, Marilena Pariano, Emilia Nunzi, Claudio Costantini, Marina Maria Bellet, Cinzia Antognelli, Matteo Antonio Russo, Luigina Romani
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Application of Microbiome‑Based Therapies in Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Se Hee Lee, Jang Ho Lee, Sei Won Lee; J. Microbiol. 2024;62(3):201-216. Published online April 18, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-024-00124-1

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Abstract

The application of microbiome-based therapies in various areas of human disease has recently increased. In chronic respiratory disease, microbiome-based clinical applications are considered compelling options due to the limitations of current treatments. The lung microbiome is ecologically dynamic and afected by various conditions, and dysbiosis is associated with disease severity, exacerbation, and phenotype as well as with chronic respiratory disease endotype. However, it is not easy to directly modulate the lung microbiome. Additionally, studies have shown that chronic respiratory diseases can be improved by modulating gut microbiome and administrating metabolites. Although the composition, diversity, and abundance of the microbiome between the gut and lung are considerably diferent, modulation of the gut microbiome could improve lung dysbiosis. The gut microbiome infuences that of the lung via bacterial-derived components and metabolic degradation products, including short-chain fatty acids. This phenomenon might be associated with the cross-talk between the gut microbiome and lung, called gut-lung axis. There are multiple alternatives to modulate the gut microbiome, such as prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics ingestion and fecal material transplantation. Several studies have shown that high-fber diets, for example, present benefcial efects through the production of short-chain fatty acids. Additionally, genetically modifed probiotics to secrete some benefcial molecules might also be utilized to treat chronic respiratory diseases. Further studies on microbial modulation to regulate immunity and potentiate conventional pharmacotherapy will improve microbiome modulation techniques, which will develop as a new therapeutic area in chronic respiratory diseases.

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Bacteria and Allergic Diseases
Svetlana V. Guryanova
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(19): 10298. CrossRef
The emerging roles of microbiome and short-chain fatty acids in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Yuan Gao, Kaixuan Wang, Zupan Lin, Shujing Cai, Aohui Peng, Le He, Hui Qi, Zhigang Jin, Xubo Qian
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Host-Associated Microbiome
Woo Jun Sul
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(3): 135. CrossRef

Journal Article

Complete gammaproteobacterial endosymbiont genome assembly from a seep tubeworm Lamellibrachia satsuma: Ajit Kumar Patra , Yong min Kwon , Youngik Yang; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(9):916-927. Published online August 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2057-4

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Abstract

Siboglinid tubeworms thrive in hydrothermal vent and seep habitats via a symbiotic relationship with chemosynthetic bacteria. Difficulties in culturing tubeworms and their symbionts in a laboratory setting have hindered the study of host-microbe interactions. Therefore, released symbiont genomes are fragmented, thereby limiting the data available on the genome that affect subsequent analyses. Here, we present a complete genome of gammaproteobacterial endosymbiont from the tubeworm Lamellibrachia satsuma collected from a seep in Kagoshima Bay, assembled using a hybrid approach that combines sequences generated from the Illumina and Oxford Nanopore platforms. The genome consists of a single circular chromosome with an assembly size of 4,323,754 bp and a GC content of 53.9% with 3,624 protein-coding genes. The genome is of high quality and contains no assembly gaps, while the completeness and contamination are 99.33% and 2.73%, respectively. Comparative genome analysis revealed a total of 1,724 gene clusters shared in the vent and seep tubeworm symbionts, while 294 genes were found exclusively in L. satsuma symbionts such as transposons, genes for defense mechanisms, and inorganic ion transportations. The addition of this complete endosymbiont genome assembly would be valuable for comparative studies particularly with tubeworm symbiont genomes as well as with other chemosynthetic microbial communities.

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Genomic and transcriptomic analyses illuminate the molecular basis of the unique lifestyle of a tubeworm, Lamellibrachia satsuma
Taiga Uchida, Yuki Yoshioka, Yu Yoshida, Manabu Fujie, Ayuta Yamaki, Akira Sasaki, Koji Inoue, Chuya Shinzato
DNA Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Reviews

REVIEW] Modulation of the host immune response by respiratory syncytial virus proteins: Megan E. Schmidt , Steven M. Varga; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(3):161-171. Published online February 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-7045-8

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Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe respiratory disease in both the very young and the elderly. Nearly all individuals become infected in early childhood, and reinfections with the virus are common throughout life. Despite its clinical impact, there remains no licensed RSV vaccine. RSV infection in the respiratory tract induces an inflammatory response by the host to facilitate efficient clearance of the virus. However, the host immune response also contributes to the respiratory disease observed following an RSV infection. RSV has evolved several mechanisms to evade the host immune response and promote virus replication through interactions between RSV proteins and immune components. In contrast, some RSV proteins also play critical roles in activating, rather than suppressing, host immunity. In this review, we discuss the interactions between individual RSV proteins and host factors that modulate the immune response and the implications of these interactions for the course of an RSV infection.

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Intranasal Vaccination with a Respiratory-Syncytial-Virus-Based Virus-like Particle Displaying the G Protein Conserved Region Induces Severe Weight Loss and Pathology upon Challenge with Wildtype Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Megolhubino Terhüja, Manjunath Siddappa, Pramila Lamichhane, Chetan D. Meshram, Timothy A. Snider, Jerry W. Ritchey, Antonius G. P. Oomens
Viruses.2024; 16(6): 843. CrossRef
Immune Response to Respiratory Viral Infections
Antonella Gambadauro, Francesca Galletta, Alessandra Li Pomi, Sara Manti, Giovanni Piedimonte
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(11): 6178. CrossRef
Viral Genetic Determinants of Prolonged Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Among Infants in a Healthy Term Birth Cohort
Dylan Lawless, Christopher G McKennan, Suman R Das, Thomas Junier, Zhi Ming Xu, Larry J Anderson, Tebeb Gebretsadik, Meghan H Shilts, Emma Larkin, Christian Rosas-Salazar, James D Chappell, Jacques Fellay, Tina V Hartert
The Journal of Infectious Diseases.2023; 227(10): 1194. CrossRef
Circulation pattern and genetic variation of human respiratory syncytial virus in China during 2008–2021
Jingjing Song, Zhen Zhu, Jinhua Song, Naiying Mao, Aili Cui, Wenbo Xu, Yan Zhang
Journal of Medical Virology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Repurposing Axl Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Dan Zhang, Yuanhui Zhao, Xiaoxin You, Susu He, Erguang Li
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Activation of the Chemokine Receptor CCR1 and Preferential Recruitment of Gαi Suppress RSV Replication: Implications for Developing Novel Respiratory Syncytial Virus Treatment Strategies
Jiao Li, Ling Xue, Jiachao Wang, Aihong Meng, Jiajun Qiao, Miao Li, Xiuli Wang, Lingtong Meng, Jingyuan Ning, Xue Gao, Wenjian Li, Cuiqing Ma, Lin Wei, Bryan R. G. Williams
Journal of Virology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Mutation in the CX3C Motif of G Protein Disrupts Its Interaction with Heparan Sulfate: A Calorimetric, Spectroscopic, and Molecular Docking Study
Abu Hamza, Abdus Samad, Zahoor Ahmad Parray, Sajda Ara, Anwar Ahmed, Fahad N. Almajhdi, Tajamul Hussain, Asimul Islam, Shama Parveen
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(4): 1950. CrossRef
Innate Immune Responses to RSV Infection Facilitated by OGG1, an Enzyme Repairing Oxidatively Modified DNA Base Lesions
Xu Zheng, Ke Wang, Lang Pan, Wenjing Hao, Yaoyao Xue, Attila Bacsi, Spiros A. Vlahopoulos, Zsolt Radak, Tapas K. Hazra, Allan R. Brasier, Lloyd Tanner, Xueqing Ba, Istvan Boldogh
Journal of Innate Immunity.2022; 14(6): 593. CrossRef
Enhancing Anti-G Antibody Induction by a Live Single-Cycle Prefusion F—Expressing RSV Vaccine Improves In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy
Pramila Lamichhane, Megolhubino Terhüja, Timothy A. Snider, Antonius G. P. Oomens
Viruses.2022; 14(11): 2474. CrossRef
Axl Mediates Resistance to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Independent of Cell Attachment
Dan Zhang, Yuanhui Zhao, Lingling Wang, Xiaoxin You, Jingjing Li, Guohai Zhang, Yayi Hou, Hongwei Wang, Susu He, Erguang Li
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology.2022; 67(2): 227. CrossRef
A live single-cycle RSV vaccine expressing prefusion F protein
Pramila Lamichhane, Megan E. Schmidt, Megolhubino Terhüja, Steven M. Varga, Timothy A. Snider, Christina A. Rostad, Antonius G.P. Oomens
Virology.2022; 577: 51. CrossRef
Biophysical studies of the interaction of hRSV Non-Structural 1 protein with natural flavonoids and their acetylated derivatives by spectroscopic techniques and computational simulations
Isabella Ottenio de Lourenço, Evelyn Toscano Pedroso Quintino, Matheus Henrique Pereira, Caroline Sprengel Lima, Gabriela Campos Araújo, Luis Octávio Regasini, Fernando Alves de Melo, Fátima Pereira de Souza, Marcelo Andres Fossey, Ícaro Putinhon Caruso
Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy.2022; 283: 121751. CrossRef
Pratensein glycoside attenuates respiratory syncytial virus infection-induced oxidative and inflammatory injury via TGF-β signaling pathway
Qiong Zhang, Si Li, Qiong Huang
Molecular & Cellular Toxicology.2022; 18(3): 329. CrossRef
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) G Protein Vaccines With Central Conserved Domain Mutations Induce CX3C-CX3CR1 Blocking Antibodies
Harrison C. Bergeron, Jackelyn Murray, Ana M. Nuñez Castrejon, Rebecca M. DuBois, Ralph A. Tripp
Viruses.2021; 13(2): 352. CrossRef
Juvenile, but Not Adult, Mice Display Increased Myeloid Recruitment and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling during Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Gerald G. Kellar, Stephen R. Reeves, Kaitlyn A. Barrow, Jason S. Debley, Thomas N. Wight, Steven F. Ziegler
The Journal of Immunology.2020; 205(11): 3050. CrossRef
Double-edged role of natural killer cells during RSV infection
Rauf Bhat, Mohamed A. Farrag, Fahad N. Almajhdi
International Reviews of Immunology.2020; 39(5): 233. CrossRef
Disease severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection correlate to a novel set of five amino acid substitutions in the RSV attachment glycoprotein (G) in China
Wanwei Li, Yanlan Wang, Bo Yu, Qiqi Tan, Jijian Zhou, Jingjing Hu, Yuanbin Wu, Bo Wang, Hongjian Li
Virus Research.2020; 281: 197937. CrossRef
Revisiting respiratory syncytial virus’s interaction with host immunity, towards novel therapeutics
C. Efstathiou, S. H. Abidi, J. Harker, N. J. Stevenson
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences.2020; 77(24): 5045. CrossRef
Ephedrannin B exerts anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties in BEAS-2B cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus
Shu Hou, Xiaoyan Xu, Yating Wang, Yan Yang
Journal of Biosciences.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Vaccine containing G protein fragment and recombinant baculovirus expressing M2 protein induces protective immunity to respiratory syncytial virus
Yeong-Min Jo, Jungwoo Kim, Jun Chang
Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research.2019; 8(1): 43. CrossRef
VITAMIN D LEVEL IN CRITICALLY ILL CHILDREN 6 MONTHS–5 YEARS AGE ADMITTED TO INTENSIVE CARE UNIT IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF CENTRAL INDIA
AKSHAY ASHOK ., MANJUSHA GOEL ., BHARTI CHAUBEY ., RAJESH PATIL .
Indian Journal of Child Health.2019; 06(04): 413. CrossRef
Utility of the Neonatal Calf Model for Testing Vaccines and Intervention Strategies for Use against Human RSV Infection
Mariana Guerra-Maupome, Mitchell V. Palmer, Jodi L. McGill, Randy E. Sacco
Vaccines.2019; 7(1): 7. CrossRef
Biology of Infection and Disease Pathogenesis to Guide RSV Vaccine Development
Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum, Tatiana Chirkova, Larry J. Anderson
Frontiers in Immunology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Infant Viral Respiratory Infection Nasal Immune-Response Patterns and Their Association with Subsequent Childhood Recurrent Wheeze
Kedir N. Turi, Jyoti Shankar, Larry J. Anderson, Devi Rajan, Kelsey Gaston, Tebeb Gebretsadik, Suman R. Das, Cosby Stone, Emma K. Larkin, Christian Rosas-Salazar, Steven M. Brunwasser, Martin L. Moore, R. Stokes Peebles, Tina V. Hartert
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.2018; 198(8): 1064. CrossRef
Hydrogen sulfide in physiology and pathogenesis of bacteria and viruses
Virender Kumar Pal, Parijat Bandyopadhyay, Amit Singh
IUBMB Life.2018; 70(5): 393. CrossRef

REVIEW] Perturbation of Pulmonary Immune Functions by Carbon Nanotubes and Susceptibility to Microbial Infection: Brent E. Walling , Gee W. Lau; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(3):227-234. Published online March 1, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-3695-y

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Abstract

Occupational and environmental pulmonary exposure to carbon nanotubes (CNT) is considered to be a health risk with a very low threshold of tolerance as determined by the United States Center for Disease Control. Immortalized airway epithelial cells exposed to CNTs show a diverse range of effects including reduced viability, impaired proliferation, and elevated reactive oxygen species generation. Additionally, CNTs inhibit internalization of targets in multiple macrophage cell lines. Mice and rats exposed to CNTs often develop pulmonary granulomas and fibrosis. Furthermore, CNTs have immunomodulatory properties in these animal models. CNTs themselves are proinflammatory and can exacerbate the allergic response. However, CNTs may also be immunosuppressive, both locally and systemically. Studies that examined the relationship of CNT exposure prior to pulmonary infection have reached different conclusions. In some cases, pre-exposure either had no effect or enhanced clearance of infections while other studies showed CNTs inhibited clearance. Interestingly, most studies exploring this relationship use pathogens which are not considered primary pulmonary pathogens. Moreover, harmony across studies is difficult as different types of CNTs have dissimilar biological effects. We used Pseudomonas aeruginosa as model pathogen to study how helical multi-walled carbon nanotubes (HCNTs) affected internalization and clearance of the pulmonary pathogen. The results showed that, although HCNTs can inhibit internalization through multiple processes, bacterial clearance was not altered, which was attributed to an enhanced inflammatory response caused by pre-exposure to HCNTs. We compare and contrast our findings in relation to other studies to gauge the modulation of pulmonary immune response by CNTs.

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Activation of Kruppel-like factor 6 by multi-walled carbon nanotubes in a diameter-dependent manner in THP-1 macrophages in vitro and bronchoalveolar lavage cells in vivo
Fengmei Song, Xiaomin Tang, Weichao Zhao, Chaobo Huang, Xuyan Dai, Yi Cao
Environmental Science: Nano.2023; 10(3): 855. CrossRef
Comparative analysis of lung and blood transcriptomes in mice exposed to multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Timur O. Khaliullin, Naveena Yanamala, Mackenzie S. Newman, Elena R. Kisin, Liliya M. Fatkhutdinova, Anna A. Shvedova
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.2020; 390: 114898. CrossRef
Non-Malignant Respiratory Illnesses in Association with Occupational Exposure to Asbestos and Other Insulating Materials: Findings from the Alberta Insulator Cohort
Subhabrata Moitra, Ali Farshchi Tabrizi, Kawtar Idrissi Machichi, Samineh Kamravaei, Noushin Miandashti, Linda Henderson, Manali Mukherjee, Fadi Khadour, Muhammad T. Naseem, Paige Lacy, Lyle Melenka
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(19): 7085. CrossRef
The curious case of how mimicking physiological complexity in in vitro models of the human respiratory system influences the inflammatory responses. A preliminary study focused on gold nanoparticles
Dania Movia, Luisana Di Cristo, Roaa Alnemari, Joseph E. McCarthy, Hanane Moustaoui, Marc Lamy de la Chapelle, Jolanda Spadavecchia, Yuri Volkov, Adriele Prina‐Mello
Journal of Interdisciplinary Nanomedicine.2017; 2(2): 110. CrossRef
Molecular microbiology in antibacterial research
You-Hee Cho
Journal of Microbiology.2014; 52(3): 185. CrossRef

Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Shedding of Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (Genotype IVb) by Experimentally Infected Muskellunge (Esox masquinongy): Robert K. Kim , Mohamed Faisal; J. Microbiol. 2012;50(2):278-284. Published online April 27, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-1145-2

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Abstract: Previous experimental infection demonstrated that juvenile muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) can survive experimental infection of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, Genotype IVb (VHSV IVb) at a low concentration of exposure. Herein we report that survivors of experimental infection with VHSV IVb shed the virus into the surrounding environment for an extended period of time. When muskellunge were exposed to VHSV IVb by immersion at a concentration of 1,400 plaque forming units (PFU)/ml, VHSV IVb was detected in the water of surviving fish for up to 15 weeks postexposure (p.e.) with the highest levels of shedding occurring between weeks 1 and 5 p.e. We estimated that each juvenile muskellunge can shed upwards of 1.36×105 PFU/fish/h after initial exposure signifying the uptake and amplification of VHSV to several orders of magnitude above the original exposure concentration. Muskellunge surviving low concentration exposure were re-infected with VHSV IVb by immersion at week 22 p.e. at concentrations ranging from 0 to 106 PFU/ml. Viral shedding was detected in all re-exposed fish, including mock rechallenged controls up to 15 consecutive weeks. Rates of viral shedding were substantially higher following rechallenge in the first 5 weeks. The highest rate of viral shedding was approximately 4.6×106 PFU/fish/h and shedding did not necessarily correspond to the re-exposure VHSV concentration. The results of this study shed new light into the dynamics of VHSV IVb shedding in a highly susceptible host and provide useful insights to fishery managers to design effective control strategies to this deadly virus.

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