Among the major bacterial secretions, outer membrane vesicles
(OMVs) are significant and highly functional. The proteins
and other biomolecules identified within OMVs provide
new insights into the possible functions of OMVs in bacteria.
OMVs are rich in proteins, nucleic acids, toxins and
virulence factors that play a critical role in bacteria-host interactions.
In this review, we discuss some proteins with multifunctional
features from bacterial OMVs and their role
involving the mechanisms of bacterial survival and defence.
Proteins with moonlighting activities in OMVs are discussed
based on their functions in bacteria. OMVs harbour many
other proteins that are important, such as proteins involved
in virulence, defence, and competition. Overall, OMVs are a
power-packed aid for bacteria, harbouring many defensive
and moonlighting proteins and acting as a survival kit in case of an emergency or as a defence weapon. In summary,
OMVs can be defined as bug-out bags for bacterial defence
and, therefore, survival.
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A nitrate-reducing Fe(II)-oxidizing bacterial strain, F8825T,
was isolated from the Fe(II)-rich sediment of an urban creek
in Pearl River Delta, China. The strain was Gram-negative,
facultative chemolithotrophic, facultative anaerobic, nonspore-
forming, and rod-shaped with a single flagellum. Phylogenetic
analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated
that it belongs to the genus Ciceribacter and is most
closely related to C. lividus MSSRFBL1T (99.4%), followed
by C. thiooxidans F43bT (98.8%) and C. azotifigens A.slu09T
(98.0%). Fatty acid, polar lipid, respiratory quinone, and
DNA G + C content analyses supported its classification in
the genus Ciceribacter. Multilocus sequence analysis of concatenated
16S rRNA, atpD, glnII, gyrB, recA, and thrC suggested
that the isolate was a novel species. DNA–DNA hybridization
and genome sequence comparisons (90.88 and
89.86%, for values of ANIm and ANIb between strains F8825T
with MSSRFBL1T, respectively) confirmed that strain F8825T
was a novel species, different from C. lividus MSSRFBL1T,
C. thiooxidans F43bT, and C. azotifigens A.slu09T. The physiological
and biochemical properties of the strain, such as
carbon source utilization, nitrate reduction, and ferrous ion
oxidation, further supported that this is a novel species. Based
on the polyphasic taxonomic results, strain F8825T was identified
as a novel species in the genus Ciceribacter, for which
the name Ciceribacter ferrooxidans sp. nov. is proposed.
The type strain is F8825T (= CCTCC AB 2018196T = KCTC
62948T).
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International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes, Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Rhizobia and Agrobacteria, minutes of the annual meeting by videoconference, 5 July 2021, followed by online discussion until 31 December 2021 Seyed Abdollah Mousavi, J. Peter W. Young International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef