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- Genetic changes in plaque-purified varicella vaccine strain Suduvax during in vitro propagation in cell culture
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Hye Rim Hwang , Se Hwan Kang , Chan Hee Lee
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J. Microbiol. 2021;59(7):702-707. Published online June 1, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-021-1062-3
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Abstract
- Infection by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) can be prevented by
using live attenuated vaccines. VZV vaccine strains are known
to evolve rapidly in vivo, however, their genetic and biological
effects are not known. In this study, the plaque-purified vaccine
strain Suduvax (PPS) was used to understand the genetic
changes that occur during the process of propagation in in
vitro cell culture. Full genome sequences of three different passages
(p4, p30, and p60) of PPS were determined and compared
for genetic changes. Mutations were found at 59 positions.
The number of genetically polymorphic sites (GPS) and
the average of minor allele frequency (MAF) at GPSs were not
significantly altered after passaging in cell culture up to p60.
The number of variant nucleotide positions (VNPs), wherein
GPS was found in at least one passage of PPS, was 149. Overall,
MAF changed by less than 5% at 52 VNPs, increased by more
than 5% at 42 VNPs, and decreased by more than 5% at 55
VNPs in p60, compared with that seen in p4. More complicated
patterns of changes in MAF were observed when genetic
polymorphism at 149 VNPs was analyzed among the three
passages. However, MAF decreased and mixed genotypes became
unequivocally fixed to vaccine type in 23 vaccine-specific
positions in higher passages of PPS. Plaque-purified Suduvax
appeared to adapt to better replication during in vitro cell
culture. Further studies with other vaccine strains and in vivo
studies will help to understand the evolution of the VZV vaccine.
- Intervention with kimchi microbial community ameliorates obesity by regulating gut microbiota
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Seong-Eun Park , Sun Jae Kwon , Kwang-Moon Cho , Seung-Ho Seo , Eun-Ju Kim , Tatsuya Unno , So-Hyeon Bok , Dae-Hun Park , Hong-Seok Son
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J. Microbiol. 2020;58(10):859-867. Published online September 2, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0266-2
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Abstract
- The objective of this study was to evaluate anti-obesity effects
of kimchi microbial community (KMC) on obesity and
gut microbiota using a high fat diet-induced mouse model
compared to effects of a single strain. Administration of KMC
decreased body weight, adipose tissue, and liver weight gains.
Relative content of Muribaculaceae in the gut of the KMCtreated
group was higher than that in the high-fat diet (HFD)
group whereas relative contents of Akkermansiaceae, Coriobacteriaceae,
and Erysipelotrichaceae were lower in KMCtreated
group. Metabolic profile of blood was found to change
differently according to the administration of KMC and a
single strain of Lactobacillus plantarum. Serum metabolites
significantly increased in the HFD group but decreased in
the KMC-treated group included arachidic acid, stearic acid,
fumaric acid, and glucose, suggesting that the administration
of KMC could influence energy metabolism. The main genus
in KMC was not detected in guts of mice in KMC-treated
group. Since the use of KMC has advantages in terms of
safety, it has potential to improve gut microbial community
for obese people.
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