Journal of Microbiology

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Analysis of the Abilities of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Banana Tree Roots to Promote Plant Growth: Leandro Fernandes Andrade , Gleika Larisse Oliveira Dorasio de Souza , Silvia Nietsche , Adelica Aparecida Xavier , Marcia Regina Costa , Acleide Maria Santos Cardoso , Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira , Débora Francine Gomes Silva Pereira; J. Microbiol. 2014;52(1):27-34. Published online January 4, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-3019-2

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A total of 40 endophytic bacterial isolates obtained from banana tree roots were characterized for their biotechnological potential for promoting banana tree growth. All isolates had at least one positive feature. Twenty isolates were likely diazotrophs and formed pellicles in nitrogen-free culture medium, and 67% of these isolates belonged to the genus Bacillus sp. The isolates EB-04, EB-169, EB-64, and EB-144 had N fixation abilities as measured by the Kjeldahl method and by an acetylene reduction activity assay. Among the 40 isolates, 37.5% were capable of solubilizing inorganic phosphate and the isolates EB-47 and EB-64 showed the highest solubilization capacity. The isolate EB-53 (Lysinibacillus sp.) had a high solubilization index, whereas 73% of the isolates had low solubilization indices. The synthesis of indole-3- acetic acid (IAA) in the presence of L-tryptophan was detected in 40% of the isolates. The isolate EB-40 (Bacillus sp.) produced the highest amount of IAA (47.88 μg/ml) in medium supplemented with L-tryptophan and was able to synthesize IAA in the absence of L-tryptophan. The isolates EB-126 (Bacillus subtilis) and EB-47 (Bacillus sp.) were able to simultaneously fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate and produce IAA in vitro. The results of this study demonstrated that the isolates analyzed here had diverse abilities and all have the potential to be used as growth-promoting microbial inoculants for banana trees.

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Comparison of the Bacterial Community and Characterization of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria from Different Genotypes of Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty (Vetiver) Rhizospheres: Juliana Mendes Monteiro , Renata Estebanez Vollu , Marcia Reed Rodrigues Coelho , Celuta Sales Alviano , Arie Fitzgerald Blank , Lucy Seldin; J. Microbiol. 2009;47(4):363-370. Published online September 9, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-009-0048-3

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Abstract: Molecular approaches [PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)] were used to determine whether three different vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides) genotypes, commercially used in Brazil and considered economically important over the world, select specific bacterial populations to coexist in their rhizospheres. DGGE profiles revealed that the predominant rhizospheric bacterial community hardly varies regarding the vetiver genotype. Moreover, using traditional cultivation methods, bacterial strains were isolated from the different rhizospheres. Colonies presenting different morphologies (83) were selected for determining their potential for plant growth promotion. More than half of the strains tested (57.8%) were amplified by PCR using nifH-based primers, specific for the enzyme nitrogenase reductase. The production of siderophores was observed in 88% of the strains, while the production of antimicrobial substances was detected in only 14.5% of the isolates when Micrococcus sp. was used as the indicator strain. Production of indole-3-acetic acid and the solubilization of phosphate were observed in 55.4% and 59% of the isolates, respectively. In total, 44 strains (53%) presented at least three characteristics of plant growth promotion and were submitted to amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis. Twenty-four genetic groups were formed at 100% similarity and one representative of each group was selected for their identification by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. They were affiliated with the genera Acinetobacter, Comamonas, Chryseobacterium, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Pantoea, Dyella, Burkholderia, or Pseudomonas. These strains can be considered of great importance as possible biofertilizers in vetiver.

Burkholderia sp. KCTC 11096BP as a Newly Isolated Gibberellin Producing Bacterium: Gil-Jae Joo , Sang-Mo Kang , Muhammad Hamayun , Sang-Kuk Kim , Chae-In Na , Dong-Hyun Shin , In-Jung Lee; J. Microbiol. 2009;47(2):167-171. Published online May 2, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-008-0273-1

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Abstract: We isolated 864 bacteria from 553 soil samples and bioassayed them on cucumber and crown daisy for plant growth promotion. A new bacterial strain, Burkholderia sp. KCTC 11096BP gave maximum growth promotion and was selected for further investigations. The culture filtrate of this bacterium was thus analyzed for the presence of gibberellins and we found physiologically active gibberellins were found (GA1, 0.23 ng/100 ml; GA3, 5.11 ng/100 ml and GA4, 2.65 ng/100 ml) along with physiologically inactive GA9, GA12, GA15, GA20, and GA24. The bacterial isolate also solubilised tricalcium phosphate and lowered the pH of the medium during the process. The isolate was identified as a new strain of Burkholderia through phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequence. Gibberellin production capacity of genus Burkholderia is reported for the first time in current study.

Plant Growth Promotion in Soil by Some Inoculated Microorganisms: Jong-Soo Jeon , Sang-Soo Lee , Hyoun-Young Kim , Tae-Seok Ahn , Hong-Gyu Song; J. Microbiol. 2003;41(4):271-276.

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Abstract: The inoculation of some microorganisms into a microcosm containing soil from a barren lakeside area at Lake Paro in Kangwon-do enhanced plant growth significantly. The direct and viable counts of soil bacteria and soil microbial activities measured by electron transport system assay and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis assay were higher in inoculated soil. The plant growth promoting effect of this inoculation may be caused by phytohormone production and the solubilization of insoluble phosphates by the inoculated bacteria. Three inoculated strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens produced several plant growth promoting phytohormones, including indole-3-acetic acid (auxin), which was confirmed by thin layer chromatography and GC/MS. P. fluorescens strain B16 and M45 produced 502.4 and 206.1 mg/l of soluble phosphate from Ca3(PO4)2 and hydroxyapatite, respectively. Bacillus megaterium showed similar solubilization rates of insoluble phosphates to those of Pseudomonas spp. We believe that this plant growth promoting capability may be used for the rapid revegetation of barren or disturbed land.

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