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- Dynamical Analysis of Yeast Protein Interaction Network During the Sake Brewing Process
- Mitra Mirzarezaee , Mehdi Sadeghi , Babak N. Araabi
- J. Microbiol. 2011;49(6):965-973. Published online December 28, 2011
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1194-y
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- 1 Scopus
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Abstract
- Proteins interact with each other for performing essential functions of an organism. They change partners to get involved in various processes at different times or locations. Studying variations of protein interactions within a specific process would help better understand the dynamic features of the protein interactions and their functions. We studied the protein interaction network of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) during the brewing of Japanese sake. In this process, yeast cells are exposed to several stresses. Analysis of protein interaction networks of yeast during this process helps to understand how protein interactions of yeast change during the sake brewing process. We used gene expression profiles of yeast cells for this purpose. Results of our experiments revealed some characteristics and behaviors of yeast hubs and non-hubs and their dynamical changes during the brewing process. We found that just a small portion of the proteins (12.8 to 21.6%) is responsible for the functional changes of the proteins in the sake brewing process. The changes in the number of edges and hubs of the yeast protein interaction networks increase in the first stages of the process and it then decreases at the final stages.
- Cyanobacterial Hybrid Kinase Sll0043 Regulates Phototaxis by Suppressing Pilin and Twitching Motility Protein
- Bong-Jeong Shin , Jeehyun Oh , Sungsoo Kang , Young-Ho Chung , Young Mok Park , Young Hwan Kim , Seungil Kim , Jong Bhak , Jong-Soon Choi
- J. Microbiol. 2008;46(3):300-308. Published online July 5, 2008
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-007-0212-6
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- 8 Scopus
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Abstract
- The unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 glides toward a light source through the interplay of positive phototaxis genes and proteins. In genetic analysis, the complete disruption of the hybrid sensory kinase sll0043 produced negative phototaxis. Furthermore, Sll0043 was found to be a hub protein by in silico prediction of protein-protein interaction, in which Sll0043 was predominantly linked to seven two-component proteins with high confidence. To understand the regulation and networking of positive phototaxis proteins, the proteomic profile of the sll0043 mutant was compared to that of wild-type. In the sll0043 mutant, 18 spots corresponding to 15 unique proteins were altered by 1.3 to 59 fold; the spots were identified by 2-DE/MALDI-MS analysis. Down-regulated proteins in the sll0043 null-mutant included chaperonins, superoxide dismutase, and phycocyanin β-subunit. In contrast, nine proteins involved in photosynthesis, translation, regulatory function, and other functions were up-regulated. In particular, a twitching motility protein (PilT1) was induced over 2-fold in sll0043 mutant. Moreover, semiquantitative and quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that pilin (pilA1), pili motor (pilT1), and pili switch gene (pilT2) were significantly increased in sll0043 mutant. These results suggest that the hybrid kinase Sll0043 regulates positive phototaxis by suppressing the expression of pili biosynthesis and regulatory genes and through the interplay with positive phototaxis/motility two-component proteins.
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