Journal of Microbiology

Journal Article

Reovirus safety study for proliferation and differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Jeong-Soo Park , Manbok Kim; J. Microbiol. 2017;55(1):75-79. Published online December 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-6542-0

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Naturally occurring reoviruses are live replication-proficient viruses specifically infecting human cancer cells while sparing the normal counterparts. Stem cells can be highly susceptible to viral infection due to their innate high proliferation potential and other active signaling pathways of cells that might be involved in viral tropism. In the previous study, we showed that reoviruses could adversely affect murine embryonic stem cells’ integrity in vitro and in vivo. Oncolytic viruses, delivered systemically face many hurdles that also impede their localization and infection of, metastatic tumors, due to a variety of immune and physical barriers. To overcome such hurdles to systemic delivery, several studies supported the idea that certain types of cells, including mesenchymal stem cells, might play a role as cell carriers for oncolytic viruses. Thus, it would be interesting to examine whether human adult stem cells such as human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells could be saved by the reoviral challenge. In this study, we report that biological activities such as proliferation and multipotency of human adipose-derived stem cells are not affected by wild-type reovirus challenge as evidenced by survival, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential assays following treatment with reoviruses. Therefore, unlike murine embryonic stem cells, our study strongly suggests that human adipose-derived adult stem cells could be spared in vivo during wild-type reoviral anti-cancer therapeutics in a clinical setting. Furthermore, the results support the possible clinical use of human adipose-derived stem cells as an effective cell carrier of oncolytic reovirus to maximize their tumor tropism and anti-tumor activity.

Citations

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Modulation of Reoviral Cytolysis (II): Cellular Stemness
Tarryn Bourhill, Leili Rohani, Mehul Kumar, Pinaki Bose, Derrick Rancourt, Randal N. Johnston
Viruses.2023; 15(7): 1473. CrossRef
Mesenchymal stem cell carriers enhance antitumor efficacy induced by oncolytic reovirus in acute myeloid leukemia
Xianyao Wang, Yichen Yang, Nianxue Wang, Xijun Wu, Jianwei Xu, Yanhua Zhou, Xing Zhao, Zhixu He
International Immunopharmacology.2021; 94: 107437. CrossRef
Mesenchymal stem cells support delivery and boost the efficacy of oncolytic reoviruses in TC‐1 tumor cells
Razieh S. Banijamali, Hoorieh Soleimanjahi, Sara Soudi, Hesam Karimi
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry.2021; 122(10): 1360. CrossRef
Mesenchymal stem cells as carriers for systemic delivery of oncolytic viruses
Agata Hadryś, Aleksander Sochanik, Grant McFadden, Joanna Jazowiecka-Rakus
European Journal of Pharmacology.2020; 874: 172991. CrossRef
Recent advances in targeting cancer stem cells using oncolytic viruses
You-Ni Zhang, Shi-Bing Wang, Shu-Shu Song, Pei-Yang Hu, Yu-Cheng Zhou, Yi-Ping Mou, Xiao-Zhou Mou
Biotechnology Letters.2020; 42(6): 865. CrossRef
The oncolytic efficacy and safety of avian reovirus and its dynamic distribution in infected mice
Ruimin Cai, Guangyuan Meng, Yi Li, Wenyang Wang, Youxiang Diao, Shuping Zhao, Qiang Feng, Yi Tang
Experimental Biology and Medicine.2019; 244(12): 983. CrossRef
Going (Reo)Viral: Factors Promoting Successful Reoviral Oncolytic Infection
Tarryn Bourhill, Yoshinori Mori, Derrick Rancourt, Maya Shmulevitz, Randal Johnston
Viruses.2018; 10(8): 421. CrossRef
Primary lymphocyte infection models for KSHV and its putative tumorigenesis mechanisms in B cell lymphomas
Sangmin Kang, Jinjong Myoung
Journal of Microbiology.2017; 55(5): 319. CrossRef

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Safety Evaluation of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei LC-01, Probiotic Bacterium: Hao Zhang , Yu Wang , Jing Sun , Zirui Guo , Huiyuan Guo , Fazheng Ren; J. Microbiol. 2013;51(5):633-638. Published online October 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-013-3336-x

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Abstract

The safety of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei LC-01 was evaluated for its use as a potential probiotic. In our in vitro study, the antibiotic resistance and the ability to produce biogenic amine were determined. The results showed that the strain was sensitive to all tested antibiotics and did not produce biogenic amine except for tyramine. The oral toxicity of this strain was evaluated in Balb/C mice. One hundred mice were divided into 10 groups. Four groups were administered 0, 108, 109, or 1010 CFU/mouse per day dissolved in saline solution respectively, for 28 days. Three groups were injected intraperitoneally with 109 CFU/mouse dissolved in saline solution, and were killed 2, 5, and 10 days after injection. The last 3 groups were injected with the vehicle as controls respectively. The results showed that oral administration of the strain had no adverse effects on mouse body weight and that there was no treatment-associated bacterial translocation. Intraperitoneal administration caused a significant translocation to liver, spleen and kidney. However, this translocation did not cause illness or death throughout the experiment. The results suggest that L. paracasei subsp. paracasei LC-01 is likely to be safe for human consumption.

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Genome sequence and evaluation of safety and probiotic potential of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LC86 and Lacticaseibacillus casei LC89
Ting Chen, Yunjiao Zhao, Yixuan Fan, Yao Dong, Zhonghui Gai
Frontiers in Microbiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Lactobacillus paracasei R3 Alleviates Tumor Progression in Mice with Colorectal Cancer
Tao Chen, Baoxia Li, Kangdi Zheng, Yan Liu, Zhao Zhang, Huimei Hu, Guoqiang Qian, Jianwei Jiang
Current Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Comprehensive genomic analysis and evaluation of in vivo and in vitro safety of Heyndrickxia coagulans BC99
Ying Wu, Zhiyi Wu, Yinyin Gao, Yixuan Fan, Yao Dong, Yinan Zhang, Zhonghui Gai, Shaobin Gu
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessment of the Safety and Probiotic Properties of Enterococcus faecium B13 Isolated from Fermented Chili
Jingmin Xiao, Cai Chen, Zhuxian Fu, Shumin Wang, Fan Luo
Microorganisms.2024; 12(5): 994. CrossRef
Lactic acid bacteria with a strong antioxidant function isolated from “Jiangshui,” pickles, and feces
Yue Hu, Yan Zhao, Xu Jia, Dan Liu, Xinhe Huang, Cheng Wang, Yanhua Zhu, Changwu Yue, Shanshan Deng, Yuhong Lyu
Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessment of the Safety of Lactobacillus casei IMV B-7280 Probiotic Strain on a Mouse Model
Lazarenko L.M., Babenko L.P., Gichka S.G., Sakhno L.O., Demchenko O.M., Bubnov R.V., Sichel L.M., Spivak M.Ya.
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins.2021; 13(6): 1644. CrossRef
Health benefits and technological effects of Lacticaseibacillus casei-01: An overview of the scientific literature
Tatiana Colombo Pimentel, Larissa Ramalho Brandão, Matthaws Pereira de Oliveira, Whyara Karoline Almeida da Costa, Marciane Magnani
Trends in Food Science & Technology.2021; 114: 722. CrossRef
Lactobacillus casei LC01 Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Permeability through miR-144 Targeting of OCLN and ZO1
Qiuke Hou, Yongquan Huang, Yan Wang, Liu Liao, Zhaoyang Zhu, Wenjie Zhang, Yongshang Liu, Peiwu Li, Xinlin Chen, Fengbin Liu
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2020; 30(10): 1480. CrossRef
Combinations of cereal β-glucans and probiotics can enhance the anti-inflammatory activity on host cells by a synergistic effect
Mattia Pia Arena, Pasquale Russo, Vittorio Capozzi, Ana Rascón, Giovanna E. Felis, Giuseppe Spano, Daniela Fiocco
Journal of Functional Foods.2016; 23: 12. CrossRef

Review

MINIREVIEW] Toxin-producing Cyanobacteria in Freshwater: A Review of the Problems, Impact on Drinking Water Safety, and Efforts for Protecting Public Health: Melissa Y. Cheung , Song Liang , Jiyoung Lee; J. Microbiol. 2013;51(1):1-10. Published online March 2, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-013-2549-3

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Abstract: Cyanobacteria have adapted to survive in a variety of environments and have been found globally. Toxin-producing cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) have been increasing in frequency worldwide and pose a threat to drinking and recreational water. In this study, the prevalence, impact of CHABs and mitigation efforts were reviewed, focusing on the Lake Erie region and Ohio’s inland lakes that have been impacted heavily as an example so that the findings can be transferrable to other parts of the world that face the similar problems due to the CHABs in their freshwater environments. This paper provides a basic introduction to CHABs and their toxins as well as an overview of public health implications including exposure routes, health effects, and drinking water issues, algal bloom advisory practices in Ohio, toxin measurements results in Ohio public water supplies, and mitigation efforts.

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts

Antifungal Activity of Leuconostoc citreum and Weissella confusa in Rice Cakes: Eunjong Baek , Hyojin Kim , Hyejung Choi , Sun Yoon , Jeongho Kim; J. Microbiol. 2012;50(5):842-848. Published online November 4, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-012-2153-y

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Abstract: The antifungal activity of organic acids greatly improves the shelf life of bread and bakery products. However, little is known about the effect of lactic acid fermentation on fungal contamination in rice cakes. Here, we show that lactic acid fermentation in rice dough can greatly retard the growth of three fungal species when present in rice cakes, namely Cladosporium sp. YS1, Neurospora sp. YS3, and Penicillium crustosum YS2. The antifungal activity of the lactic acid bacteria against these fungi was much better than that of 0.3% calcium propionate. We found that organic acids including lactic and acetic acid, which are byproducts of lactic fermentation or can be artificially added, were the main antifungal substances. We also found that some Leuconostoc citreum and Weissella confusa strains could be good starter species for rice dough fermentation. These results imply that these lactic acid bacteria can be applicable to improve the preservation of rice cakes.

Safety Evaluation In Vitro of Enterococcus durans from Tibetan Traditional Fermented Yak Milk: Jing Li , Fazheng Ren , Huiyong Gu , Xiaopeng Li , Bozhong Gan; J. Microbiol. 2011;49(5):721-728. Published online November 9, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-011-1062-9

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Abstract: Despite its ubiquity in fermented dairy products, the safety of lactic acid enterococcal bacteria remains controversial. In this study, five Enterococcus durans strains – A1, A2, B1, B2, and C1 – were isolated from traditional fermented yak milk from Tibet. To evaluate the strains’ safety, biogenic amine production, antibiotic resistance and presence of known virulence determinants were investigated. Strain A1 can produce biogenic amines for histamine, spermine, and spermidine (mean values: 8.64, 8.31, and 0.30 mg/L, respectively). Polymerase chain reaction amplification for Strain A1 found genes involved in expression of gelatinase (gleE), cytolysin (cylA, cylB, and cylM), sex pheromones (ccf and cpd) and cell wall adhesion (efaA). Strain A2 showed sensitivity or intermediate resistance to all tested antibiotics, and no virulence determinants except gelE and ccf, but did produce tyramine at a relatively high level (912.02 mg/L). Both strains B1 and B2 could produce histamine (10.43 and 10.56 mg/L, respectively), and showed vancomycin resistance; B1 also produced tyramine (504.02 mg/L). Strain C1 could produce all five biogenic amines tested in the study – putrescine, histamine, tyramine, spermine, and spermidine; concentrations were 6.51, 9.59, 205.85, 5.55, and 5.39 mg/L, respectively. All E. durans strains found in Tibetan traditional fermented yak milk thus offer potential risk.

Isolation, Characterization, and Evaluation of Wild Isolates of Lactobacillus reuteri from Pig Feces: Deog Yong Lee , Yeon-Soo Seo , Nabin Rayamajhi , Mi Lan Kang , Su In Lee , Han Sang Yoo; J. Microbiol. 2009;47(6):663-672. Published online February 4, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-009-0124-8

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Abstract: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a well-used probiotics for health improvements in both humans and animals. Despite of several benefits, non-host-specific LAB showed poor probiotics effects due to difficulty in colonization and competition with normal flora. Therefore, the feasibility of porcine LAB isolates was evaluated as a probiotics. Ten of 49 Lactobacillus spp. isolates harbored 2~10 kb plasmid DNA. Seven strains were selected based on the safety test, such as hemolytic activity, ammonia, indole, and phenylalanine production. After safety test, five strains were selected again by several tests, such as epithelial adherence, antimicrobial activity, tolerance against acid, bile, heat, and cold-drying, and production of acid and hydrogen peroxide. Then, enzyme profiles (ZYM test) and antibiotics resistance were analyzed for further characterization. Five Lactobacillus reuteri isolates from pig feces were selected by safety and functional tests. The plasmid DNA which was able to develop vector system was detected in the isolates. Together with these approaches, pig-specific Lactobacillus spp. originated from pigs were selected. These strains may be useful tools to develop oral delivery system.

Journal Article

Safety Assessment of Potential Lactic Acid Bacteria Bifidobacterium longum SPM1205 Isolated from Healthy Koreans: Sung Sook Choi , Byung Yong Kang , Myung Jun Chung , Soo Dong Kim , So Hee Park , Jung Soo Kim , Chin Yang Kang , Nam Joo Ha; J. Microbiol. 2005;43(6):493-498.; DOI: https://doi.org/2300 [pii]

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Abstract: The safety assessment of Bifidobacterium longum SPM1205 isolated from healthy Koreans and this strain''''''''s inhibitory effects on fecal harmful enzymes of intestinal microflora were investigated. The overall safety of this strain was investigated during a feeding trial. Groups of SD rats were orally administered a test strain or commercial reference strain B. longum 1?109 CFU/kg body weight/day for four weeks. Throughout this time, their feed intake, water intake and live body weight were monitored. Fecal samples were periodically collected to test harmful enzyme activities of intestinal microflora. At the end of the four-week observation period, samples of blood, liver, spleen, kidney, and gut tissues were collected to determine for hematological parameters and histological differences. The results obtained in this experiment demonstrated that four weeks of consumption of this Bifidobacterium strain had no adverse effects on rat''''''''s general health status, blood biochemical parameters or histology. Therefore, it is likely to be safe for human use. Fecal harmful enzymes such as -glucosidase, -glucuronidase, tryptophanase and urease, were effectively inhibited during the administration of the B. longum SPM1205. These results suggested that this B. longum SPM 1205 could be used for humans as a probiotic strain.

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