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Soil water content as a critical factor for stable bacterial community structure and degradative activity in maritime Antarctic soil
Dockyu Kim , Namyi Chae , Mincheol Kim , Sungjin Nam , Eungbin Kim , Hyoungseok Lee
J. Microbiol. 2020;58(12):1010-1017.   Published online December 2, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-0490-9
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AbstractAbstract
Recent increases in air temperature across the Antarctic Peninsula may prolong the thawing period and directly affect the soil temperature (Ts) and volumetric soil water content (SWC) in maritime tundra. Under an 8°C soil warming scenario, two customized microcosm systems with maritime Antarctic soils were incubated to investigate the differential influence of SWC on the bacterial community and degradation activity of humic substances (HS), the largest constituent of soil organic carbon and a key component of the terrestrial ecosystem. When the microcosm soil (KS1-4Feb) was incubated for 90 days (T = 90) at a constant SWC of ~32%, the initial HS content (167.0 mg/g of dried soil) decreased to 156.0 mg (approximately 6.6% loss, p < 0.05). However, when another microcosm soil (KS1-4Apr) was incubated with SWCs that gradually decreased from 37% to 9% for T = 90, HS degradation was undetected. The low HS degradative activity persisted, even after the SWC was restored to 30% with water supply for an additional T = 30. Overall bacterial community structure remained relatively stable at a constant SWC setting (KS1-4Feb). In contrast, we saw marked shifts in the bacterial community structure with the changing SWC regimen (KS1-4Apr), suggesting that the soil bacterial communities are vulnerable to drying and re-wetting conditions. These microcosm experiments provide new information regarding the effects of constant SWC and higher Ts on bacterial communities for HS degradation in maritime Antarctic tundra soil.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Microbial metabolic responses and CO2 emissions differentiated by soil water content variation in subarctic tundra soils
    Dockyu Kim, Namyi Chae, Mincheol Kim, Sungjin Nam, Tai Kyoung Kim, Ki-Tea Park, Bang Yong Lee, Eungbin Kim, Hyoungseok Lee
    Journal of Microbiology.2022; 60(12): 1130.     CrossRef
  • Temperature sensitivity of Antarctic soil‐humic substance degradation by cold‐adapted bacteria
    Dockyu Kim, Ha Ju Park, Mincheol Kim, Seulah Lee, Soon Gyu Hong, Eungbin Kim, Hyoungseok Lee
    Environmental Microbiology.2022; 24(1): 265.     CrossRef
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    Lushuang Li, Tize Xia, Hanqi Yang
    Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Review
Counts and sequences, observations that continue to change our understanding of viruses in nature
K. Eric Wommack , Daniel J. Nasko , Jessica Chopyk , Eric G. Sakowski
J. Microbiol. 2015;53(3):181-192.   Published online March 3, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5068-6
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  • 46 Crossref
AbstractAbstract
The discovery of abundant viruses in the oceans and on land has ushered in a quarter century of groundbreaking advancements in our understanding of viruses within ecosystems. Two types of observations from environmental samples - direct counts of viral particles and viral metagenomic sequences - have been critical to these discoveries. Accurate direct counts have established ecosystem-scale trends in the impacts of viral infection on microbial host populations and have shown that viral communities within aquatic and soil environments respond to both short term and seasonal environmental change. Direct counts have been critical for estimating viral production rate, a measurement essential to quantifying the implications of viral infection for the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients within ecosystems. While direct counts have defined the magnitude of viral processes; shotgun sequences of environmental viral DNA - virome sequences - have enabled researchers to estimate the diversity and composition of natural viral communities. Virome-enabled studies have found the virioplankton to contain thousands of viral genotypes in communities where the most dominant viral population accounts for a small fraction of total abundance followed by a long tail of diverse populations. Detailed examination of long virome sequences has led to new understanding of genotype-to-phenotype connections within marine viruses and revealed that viruses carry metabolic genes that are important to maintaining cellular energy during viral replication. Increased access to long virome sequences will undoubtedly reveal more genetic secrets of viruses and enable us to build a genomics rulebook for predicting key biological and ecological features of unknown viruses.

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