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Evolution of a major bovine mastitic genotype (rpoB sequence type 10-2) of Staphylococcus aureus in cows
Dae-Sung Ko , Danil Kim , Eun-Kyung Kim , Jae-Hong Kim , Hyuk-Joon Kwon
J. Microbiol. 2019;57(7):587-596.   Published online June 27, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-019-8699-1
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  • 5 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the major pathogen leading to bovine mastitis globally while livestock-associated methicillin resistant S. aureus (LA-MRSA) has become a potential threat to public health. MRSA from bovine mastitis is not common but a methicillin susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) genotype, rpoB sequence type (RST)10-2 (RST10-2), is prevalent in Korea. To date, many genomic sequences from S. aureus have been elucidated, but the complete genome sequences of RST10-2 MSSA from bovine mastitis has never been reported. In this study, we determined the complete genome sequence of two RST10-2 MSSA that differ from each other in staphylococcal protein A and molecular prophage types [PMB64-1 (t2489/ mPPT0) and PMB81-4 (t127/mPPT1-2-3)] and conducted a comparative genomics study. The genomic sequences of PMB64-1 and PMB81-4 were more homologous to the representative human RST10-2 strains (MSSA476, MW2 etc.) compared to other RSTs. Most of them shared five common pseudogenes, along with high amino acid identity of four variable virulence genes that were identified in this study. However, PMB64-1 and PMB81-4 acquired different strainspecific pseudogenes and mobile genetic elements than the human strains. The unique pseudogene profile and high identity of the virulence genes were verified in RST10-2 field strains from bovine mastitis. Thus, bovine mastitic RST10-2 MSSA may have an evolutionary relationship with the human RST10- 2 community-associated (CA) MSSA and CA-MRSA strains but may have adapted to cows.

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  • Rapid Antibacterial Activity Assessment of Chimeric Lysins
    Jin-Mi Park, Jun-Hyun Kim, Gun Kim, Hun-Ju Sim, Sun-Min Ahn, Kang-Seuk Choi, Hyuk-Joon Kwon
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(4): 2430.     CrossRef
  • Tracing the Evolutionary Pathways of Serogroup O78 Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli
    Eun-Jin Ha, Seung-Min Hong, Seung-Ji Kim, Sun-Min Ahn, Ho-Won Kim, Kang-Seuk Choi, Hyuk-Joon Kwon
    Antibiotics.2023; 12(12): 1714.     CrossRef
  • Genetic characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from Norway rats in Boston, Massachusetts
    Gracen R. Gerbig, Helen Piontkivska, Tara C. Smith, Ruairi White, Jean Mukherjee, Hayley Benson, Marieke Rosenbaum, Jessica H. Leibler
    Veterinary Medicine and Science.2023; 9(1): 272.     CrossRef
  • Rapid Screening and Comparison of Chimeric Lysins for Antibacterial Activity against Staphylococcus aureus Strains
    Jin-Mi Park, Dae-Sung Ko, Hee-Soo Kim, Nam-Hyung Kim, Eun-Kyoung Kim, Young-Hye Roh, Danil Kim, Jae-Hong Kim, Kang-Seuk Choi, Hyuk-Joon Kwon
    Antibiotics.2023; 12(4): 667.     CrossRef
  • Comparative genomics of bovine mastitis-origin Staphylococcus aureus strains classified into prevalent human genotypes
    Dae-Sung Ko, Nam-Hyung Kim, Eun-Kyung Kim, Eun-Jin Ha, Young-Hye Ro, Danil Kim, Kang-Seuk Choi, Hyuk-Joon Kwon
    Research in Veterinary Science.2021; 139: 67.     CrossRef
Wild birds and urban pigeons as reservoirs for diarrheagenic Escherichia coli with zoonotic potential
Clarissa A. Borges , Marita V. Cardozo , Livia G. Beraldo , Elisabete S. Oliveira , Renato P. Maluta , Kaline B. Barboza , Karin Werther , Fernando A. Ávila
J. Microbiol. 2017;55(5):344-348.   Published online March 9, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-6523-3
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  • 38 Crossref
AbstractAbstract
In order to describe the role of wild birds and pigeons in the transmission of shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) to humans and other animals, samples were collected from cloacae and oropharynx of free-living wild birds and free-living pigeons. Two STEC (0.8%) and five EPEC strains (2.0%) were isolated from wild birds and four EPEC strains (2.0%) were recovered from pi-geons. Serogroups, sequence types (STs) and virulence genes, such as saa, iha, lpfAO113, ehxA, espA, nleB and nleE, detected in this study had already been implicated in human and ani-mal diseases. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was found in 25.0% of the pigeon strains and in 57.0% of the wild bird strains; the wild birds also yielded one isolate carrying extended-spec-trum β-lactamases (ESBLs) gene blaCTX-M-8. The high varia-bility shown by PFGE demonstrates that there are no preva-lent E. coli clones from these avian hosts. Wild birds and pi-geons could act as carriers of multidrug-resistant STEC and EPEC and therefore may constitute a considerable hazard to human and animal health by transmission of these strains to the environment.

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    Microorganisms.2022; 10(5): 975.     CrossRef
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts
Pregnancy - associated human listeriosis: Virulence and genotypic analysis of Listeria monocytogenes from clinical samples
Dharmendra Kumar Soni , Durg Vijai Singh , Suresh Kumar Dubey
J. Microbiol. 2015;53(9):653-660.   Published online August 1, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5243-9
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AbstractAbstract
Listeria monocytogenes, a life-threatening pathogen, poses severe risk during pregnancy, may cause abortion, fetal death or neonatal morbidity in terms of septicemia and meningitis. The present study aimed at characterizing L. monocytogenes isolated from pregnant women based on serotyping, antibiotic susceptibility, virulence genes, in vivo pathogenicity test and ERIC- and REP-PCR fingerprint analyses. The results revealed that out of 3700 human clinical samples, a total of 30 (0.81%) isolates [12 (0.80%) from placental bit (1500), 18 (0.81%) from vaginal swab (2200)] were positive for L. monocytogenes. All the isolates belonged to serogroup 4b, and were + ve for virulence genes tested i.e. inlA, inlC, inlJ, plcA, prfA, actA, hlyA, and iap. Based on the mice inoculation tests, 20 isolates showed 100% and 4 isolates 60% relative virulence while 6 isolates were non-pathogenic. Moreover, 2 and 10 isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin and cefoxitin, respectively, while the rest susceptible to other antibiotics used in this study. ERIC- and REP-PCR collectively depicted that the isolates from placental bit and vaginal swab had distinct PCR fingerprints except a few isolates with identical patterns. This study demonstrates prevalence of pathogenic strains mostly resistant to cefoxitin and/or ciprofloxacin. The results indicate the importance of isolating and characterizing the pathogen from human clinical samples as the pre-requisite for accurate epidemiological investigations.

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Identification of seven novel virulence genes from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri by Tn5-based random mutagenesis
Xue Song , Jing Guo , Wen-xiu Ma , Zhi-yuan Ji , Li-fang Zou , Gong-you Chen , Hua-song Zou
J. Microbiol. 2015;53(5):330-336.   Published online May 3, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-4589-3
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  • 16 Crossref
AbstractAbstract
To identify novel virulence genes, a mutant library of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri 29-1 was produced using EZ-Tn5 transposon and the mutants were inoculated into susceptible grapefruit. Forty mutants with altered virulence phenotypes were identified. Nine of the mutants showed a complete loss of citrus canker induction, and the other 31 mutants resulted in attenuated canker symptoms. Southern blot analysis revealed that each of the mutants carried a single copy of Tn5. The flanking sequence was identified by plasmid rescue and 18 different ORFs were identified in the genome sequence. Of these 18 ORFs, seven had not been previously associated with the virulence of X. citri subsp. citri and were therefore confirmed by complementation analysis. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the seven genes were upregulated when the bacteria were grown in citrus plants, suggesting that the expression of these genes was essential for canker development.

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