Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium produces many virulence proteins to cause diseases. The Salmonella MgtC protein is one of such virulence proteins specially required for intracellular proliferation inside macrophages and mouse virulence. In this review, we will cover how the mgtC gene is turned on or off and what the signals required for mgtC expression are. Later in this review, we will discuss a recent understanding of MgtC function in Salmonella pathogenesis by identifying its target proteins.