- Volume 53(5); May 2015
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Reviews
- MINIREVIEW] Unraveling interactions in microbial communities - from co-cultures to microbiomes
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Justin Tan , Cristal Zuniga , Karsten Zengler
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J. Microbiol. 2015;53(5):295-305. Published online May 3, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5060-1
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47
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Abstract
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Microorganisms do not exist in isolation in the environment.
Instead, they form complex communities among themselves
as well as with their hosts. Different forms of interactions not
only shape the composition of these communities but also define
how these communities are established and maintained.
The kinds of interaction a bacterium can employ are largely
encoded in its genome. This allows us to deploy a genomescale
modeling approach to understand, and ultimately predict,
the complex and intertwined relationships in which microorganisms
engage. So far, most studies on microbial communities
have been focused on synthetic co-cultures and simple
communities. However, recent advances in molecular
and computational biology now enable bottom up methods
to be deployed for complex microbial communities from the
environment to provide insight into the intricate and dynamic
interactions in which microorganisms are engaged.
These methods will be applicable for a wide range of microbial
communities involved in industrial processes, as well as
understanding, preserving and reconditioning natural microbial
communities present in soil, water, and the human
microbiome.
-
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- MINIREVIEW] Two stress sensor proteins for the expression of sigmaE regulon: DegS and RseB
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Dong Young Kim
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J. Microbiol. 2015;53(5):306-310. Published online May 3, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5112-6
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Abstract
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In E. coli, sigmaE-dependent transcription is controlled by
regulated-proteolysis of RseA. RseA, which holds sigmaE as
an anti-sigma factor, is sequentially digested by DegS, RseP
and cytoplasmic proteases to liberate sigmaE in response to
dysfunction in outer-membrane biogenesis. Additionally,
the sequential proteolysis is regulated by RseB binding to
RseA (Fig. 1A). Direct interaction between RseA and RseB
inhibits RseA-cleavage by DegS. Both proteolytic activation
of DegS and binding disruption of RseB are thus required to
initiate sigmaE-stress response. For the induction of sigmaEstress
response, DegS and RseB recognize the states of OMP
and LPS for outer-membrane biogenesis. DegS is activated
by binding of unfolded OMPs and RseB binding to RseA is
antagonized by LPS accumulated in periplasm. In this regard,
DegS and RseB are proposed to be stress sensor proteins
for sigmaE signal transduction. Interestingly, biogenesis
of OMP and LPS appears to cross-talk with each other, indicating
that dysfunction of either OMP or LPS can initiate
RseA proteolysis. This review aims to briefly introduce two
stress sensor proteins, DegS and RseB, which regulate sigmaEdependent
transcription.
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ts
- Communities of ammonia oxidizers at different stages of Spartina alterniflora invasion in salt marshes of Yangtze River estuary
-
Fei Xia , Jemaneh Zeleke , Qiang Sheng , Ji-Hua Wu , Zhe-Xue Quan
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J. Microbiol. 2015;53(5):311-320. Published online May 3, 2015
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-4660-0
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51
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Abstract
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Spartina alterniflora, an aggressive invasive plant species at
the estuarine wetlands of China’s coasts, has become a major
threat to the natural ecosystems. To understand its potential
influence on nitrification processes, the community structures
and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA)
and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were investigated
using 454-pyrosequencing and quantitative real-time PCR
(qPCR) in S. alterniflora invading salt marsh sediments at
the Yangtze River estuary in Chongming island, Shanghai,
China. Copy numbers of archaeal and bacterial ammonia
monooxygenase subunit A (amoA) genes did not show accordant
shifts with S. alterniflora invasion in the two sampling
sites. However, the copy numbers of archaeal amoA
gene were higher in summer than in spring. Phylogenetic
analysis indicated that more than 90% of the archaeal and
92% of the bacterial amoA gene sequences were closely related
to marine group I.1a and the clusters 13 and 15 in
Nitrosospira lineage, respectively. The effect of different seasons
(spring and summer) was important for the abundance
variation of AOA, while different stages of S. alterniflora
invasion did not show significant effect for both AOA and
AOB. Variation of AOA community was significantly related
to total carbon (TC) and sulfate concentration (P < 0.05),
whereas the AOB community was significantly related to
sulfate concentration, total nitrogen (TN), TC and pH (P <
0.05). In conclusion, the abundance and diversity of ammonia
oxidizing microbial communities were not strongly
affected by S. alterniflora invasion.
-
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He Song, Zhao Che, Wenchao Cao, Ting Huang, Jingguo Wang, Zhaorong Dong
Environmental Science and Pollution Research.2016; 23(12): 11964. CrossRef
- In vitro effects of N-acetyl cysteine alone and in combination with antibiotics on Prevotella intermedia
-
Ji-Hoi Moon , Eun-Young Jang , Kyu Sang Shim , Jin-Yong Lee
-
J. Microbiol. 2015;53(5):321-329. Published online May 3, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-4500-2
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Abstract
-
N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant that possesses
anti-inflammatory activities in tissues. In the field of dentistry,
NAC was demonstrated to prevent the expression of
LPS-induced inflammatory mediators in phagocytic cells
and gingival fibroblasts during the inflammatory process,
but the effect of NAC on oral pathogens has been rarely
studied. Here, we examined the effect of NAC against planktonic
and biofilm cells of Prevotella intermedia, a major oral
pathogen. NAC showed antibacterial activity against the
planktonic P. intermedia with MIC value of 3 mg/ml and
significantly decreased biofilm formation by the bacterium
even at sub MIC. NAC did not affect the antibiotic susceptibility
of planktonic P. intermedia, showing indifference (fractional
inhibitory concentration index of 0.5?) results against
the bacterium in combination with ampicillin, ciprofloxacin,
tetracycline or metronidazole. On the other hand, viability
of the pre-established bacterial biofilm exposed to the antibiotics
except metronidazole was increased in the presence
of NAC. Collectively, NAC may be used for prevention of
the biofilm formation by P. intermedia rather than eradication
of the pre-established bacterial biofilm. Further studies
are required to explore antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity
of NAC against mixed population of oral bacteria and its
modulatory effect on antibiotics used for oral infectious
diseases.
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

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Tsvetelina Petkova, Nikolina Rusenova, Svetla Danova, Aneliya Milanova
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Ahlam Al-Kamel, Divyashri Baraniya, Wadhah Abdulnaser Al-Hajj, Esam Halboub, Saleem Abdulrab, Tsute Chen, Nezar Noor Al-Hebshi
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Dorota Kregiel, Anna Rygala, Beata Kolesinska, Maria Nowacka, Agata S. Herc, Anna Kowalewska
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Young-Suk Choi, Cheul Kim, Ji-Hoi Moon, Jin-Yong Lee
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Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - Poly(silsesquioxanes) and poly(siloxanes) grafted with N-acetylcysteine for eradicating mature bacterial biofilms in water environment
Maria Nowacka, Anna Rygała, Dorota Kręgiel, Anna Kowalewska
Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces.2018; 172: 627. CrossRef -
N
-Acetyl-
l
-Cysteine and Cysteamine as New Strategies against Mixed Biofilms of Nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae and Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae
Mirian Domenech, Ernesto García
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - N‐acetylcysteine eradicates Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in bone cement
Mehmet Emin Onger, Hasan Gocer, Dilek Emir, Suleyman Kaplan
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Elizabeth R. May, Katherine A. Conklin, David A. Bemis
Veterinary Dermatology.2016; 27(3): 188. CrossRef - Antibacterial effects of N-acetylcysteine against endodontic pathogens
Ji-Hoi Moon, Young-Suk Choi, Hyeon-Woo Lee, Jung Sun Heo, Seok Woo Chang, Jin-Yong Lee
Journal of Microbiology.2016; 54(4): 322. CrossRef -
In Vitro
Effects of Polyphosphate against Prevotella intermedia in Planktonic Phase and Biofilm
Eun-Young Jang, Minjung Kim, Mi Hee Noh, Ji-Hoi Moon, Jin-Yong Lee
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2016; 60(2): 818. CrossRef
- Identification of seven novel virulence genes from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri by Tn5-based random mutagenesis
-
Xue Song , Jing Guo , Wen-xiu Ma , Zhi-yuan Ji , Li-fang Zou , Gong-you Chen , Hua-song Zou
-
J. Microbiol. 2015;53(5):330-336. Published online May 3, 2015
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-4589-3
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49
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16
Crossref
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Abstract
-
To identify novel virulence genes, a mutant library of Xanthomonas
citri subsp. citri 29-1 was produced using EZ-Tn5
transposon and the mutants were inoculated into susceptible
grapefruit. Forty mutants with altered virulence phenotypes
were identified. Nine of the mutants showed a complete loss
of citrus canker induction, and the other 31 mutants resulted
in attenuated canker symptoms. Southern blot analysis revealed
that each of the mutants carried a single copy of Tn5.
The flanking sequence was identified by plasmid rescue and
18 different ORFs were identified in the genome sequence.
Of these 18 ORFs, seven had not been previously associated
with the virulence of X. citri subsp. citri and were therefore
confirmed by complementation analysis. Real-time PCR analysis
showed that the seven genes were upregulated when
the bacteria were grown in citrus plants, suggesting that the
expression of these genes was essential for canker development.
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri type III effector PthA4 directs the dynamical expression of a putative citrus carbohydrate-binding protein gene for canker formation
Xinyu Chen, Huasong Zou, Tao Zhuo, Wei Rou, Wei Wu, Xiaojing Fan
eLife.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - The Methyltransferase HemK Regulates the Virulence and Nutrient Utilization of the Phytopathogenic Bacterium Xanthomonas citri Subsp. citri
Yu Shi, Xiaobei Yang, Xiaoxin Ye, Jiaying Feng, Tianfang Cheng, Xiaofan Zhou, Ding Xiang Liu, Linghui Xu, Junxia Wang
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(7): 3931. CrossRef -
A Comprehensive Overview of the Genes and Functions Required for Lettuce Infection by the Hemibiotrophic Phytopathogen Xanthomonas hortorum pv.
vitians
Lucas Morinière, Laurène Mirabel, Erwan Gueguen, Franck Bertolla, Christopher W. Schadt, Steven Lindow
mSystems.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Identification of Essential Genes Associated With Prodigiosin Production in Serratia marcescens FZSF02
Xianbo Jia, Fangchen Liu, Ke Zhao, Junjie Lin, Yu Fang, Shouping Cai, Chenqiang Lin, Hui Zhang, Longjun Chen, Jichen Chen
Frontiers in Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - An inducible transposon mutagenesis approach for the intracellular human pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis
Colette E. O'Neill, Rachel J. Skilton, Jade Forster, David W. Cleary, Sarah A. Pearson, David J. Lampe, Nicholas R. Thomson, Ian N. Clarke
Wellcome Open Research.2021; 6: 312. CrossRef - The carB Gene of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) is Associated with Nematicidal Activity against the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica
Yanfei Xia, Shen Li, Guohui Xu, Shanshan Xie, Xueting Liu, Xiaomin Lin, Huijun Wu, Xuewen Gao
Pathogens.2021; 10(2): 222. CrossRef - Comparing bacterial properties in relation to the virulence factors of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri strains and evaluating resistance of subtribe Citrinae cultivars to the most virulent strain
Hossein Mirzaei-Najafgholi, Milad Aeini, Saeed Tarighi, Morteza Golmohammadi
Journal of Plant Pathology.2021; 103(2): 449. CrossRef - Inhibition of the Citrus Canker Pathogen Using a Photosensitizer Assisted by Sunlight Irradiation
Libin Jiang, Yurong Liu, Xianyuan Xu, Dan Su, Huasong Zou, Jianyong Liu, Cai Yuan, Mingdong Huang
Frontiers in Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef - Tn5 Transposase Applied in Genomics Research
Niannian Li, Kairang Jin, Yanmin Bai, Haifeng Fu, Lin Liu, Bin Liu
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Yaqin Wang, Yuyao Zhang, Hua Jin, Zhicheng Deng, Zhuan Li, Yanzhen Mai, Guangwei Li, Hong He
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - Global Regulator PhoP is Necessary for Motility, Biofilm Formation, Exoenzyme Production, and Virulence of Xanthomonas citri Subsp. citri on Citrus Plants
Chudan Wei, Tian Ding, Changqing Chang, Chengpeng Yu, Xingwei Li, Qiongguang Liu
Genes.2019; 10(5): 340. CrossRef - The ColRS-Regulated Membrane Protein Gene XAC1347 Is Involved in Copper Homeostasis and hrp Gene Expression in Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri
Xiaojing Fan, Jing Guo, Yinghui Zhou, Tao Zhuo, Xun Hu, Huasong Zou
Frontiers in Microbiology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - Salmonella Persistence in Tomatoes Requires a Distinct Set of Metabolic Functions Identified by Transposon Insertion Sequencing
Marcos H. de Moraes, Prerak Desai, Steffen Porwollik, Rocio Canals, Daniel R. Perez, Weiping Chu, Michael McClelland, Max Teplitski, Harold L. Drake
Applied and Environmental Microbiology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - Identification of New Genes Related to Virulence of <i>Xanthomonas axonopodis</i> Pv. <i>Citri</i> during Citrus Host Interactions
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Tian Xia, Yanjiao Li, Dongling Sun, Tao Zhuo, Xiaojing Fan, Huasong Zou, Zonghua Wang
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Journal of Integrative Agriculture.2016; 15(9): 2032. CrossRef
- Genome sequence analysis of potential probiotic strain Leuconostoc lactis EFEL005 isolated from kimchi
-
Jin Seok Moon , Hye Sun Choi , So Yeon Shin , Sol Ji Noh , Che Ok Jeon , Nam Soo Han
-
J. Microbiol. 2015;53(5):337-342. Published online May 3, 2015
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5090-8
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47
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15
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Abstract
-
Leuconostoc lactis EFEL005 (KACC 91922) isolated from
kimchi showed promising probiotic attributes; resistance
against acid and bile salts, absence of transferable genes for
antibiotic resistance, broad utilization of prebiotics, and no
hemolytic activity. To expand our understanding of the species,
we generated a draft genome sequence of the strain and
analyzed its genomic features related to the aforementioned
probiotic properties. Genome assembly resulted in 35 contigs,
and the draft genome has 1,688,202 base pairs (bp) with
a G+C content of 43.43%, containing 1,644 protein-coding
genes and 50 RNA genes. The average nucleotide identity
analysis showed high homology (≥ 96%) to the type strain
L. lactis KCTC3528, but low homology (≤ 95%) to L. lactis
KCTC3773 (formerly L. argentinum). Genomic analysis revealed
the presence of various genes for sucrose metabolism
(glucansucrases, invertases, sucrose phosphorylases, and
mannitol dehydrogenase), acid tolerance (F1F0 ATPases, cation
transport ATPase, branched-chain amino acid permease,
and lysine decarboxylase), vancomycin response regulator,
and antibacterial peptide (Lactacin F). No gene for production
of biogenic amines (histamine and tyramine) was found.
This report will facilitate the understanding of probiotic
properties of this strain as a starter for fermented foods.
-
Citations
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- Novel method for screening probiotic candidates tolerant to human gastrointestinal stress
Takuma Kozawa, Hideki Aoyagi
Journal of Microbiological Methods.2024; 222: 106945. CrossRef - A comprehensive review on probiotics and their use in aquaculture: Biological control, efficacy, and safety through the genomics and wet methods
Matteo Calcagnile, Salvatore Maurizio Tredici, Pietro Alifano
Heliyon.2024; 10(24): e40892. CrossRef - Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Feces of Ring-tailed Coati (Nasua nasua), Biochemical and Fermentative Aspects Related to Coffee Fermentation
R. M. Pinillos-Miñano, L. M. I. Rodriguez-Portilla, B. A. Hatta-Sakoda, W. D. Estela-Escalante
Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology.2022; 58(S1): S102. CrossRef - Genomic and Phenotypic Evaluation of Potential Probiotic Pediococcus Strains with Hypocholesterolemic Effect Isolated from Traditional Fermented Food
Shadi Pakroo, Armin Tarrah, Jacopo Bettin, Viviana Corich, Alessio Giacomini
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins.2022; 14(6): 1042. CrossRef - Exploring Antibiotic Resistance Diversity in Leuconostoc spp. by a Genome-Based Approach: Focus on the lsaA Gene
Elisa Salvetti, Ilenia Campedelli, Ilaria Larini, Giada Conedera, Sandra Torriani
Microorganisms.2021; 9(3): 491. CrossRef - ODFM, an omics data resource from microorganisms associated with fermented foods
Tae Woong Whon, Seung Woo Ahn, Sungjin Yang, Joon Yong Kim, Yeon Bee Kim, Yujin Kim, Ji-Man Hong, Hojin Jung, Yoon-E Choi, Se Hee Lee, Seong Woon Roh
Scientific Data.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Unraveling microbial fermentation features in kimchi: from classical to meta-omics approaches
Se Hee Lee, Tae Woong Whon, Seong Woon Roh, Che Ok Jeon
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.2020; 104(18): 7731. CrossRef - Development of Leuconostoc lactis–Specific Quantitative PCR and its Application for Identification and Enumeration in Fermented Foods
Seul-Ah Kim, Jae-Han Bae, Hyunbin Seong, Nam Soo Han
Food Analytical Methods.2020; 13(4): 992. CrossRef - Functional Identification of the Dextransucrase Gene of Leuconostoc mesenteroides DRP105
Renpeng Du, Zhijiang Zhou, Ye Han
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2020; 21(18): 6596. CrossRef - Effect of potential probiotic Leuconostoc mesenteroides FB111 in prevention of cholesterol absorption by modulating NPC1L1/PPARα/SREBP-2 pathways in epithelial Caco-2 cells
Bao Le, Seung-Hwan Yang
International Microbiology.2019; 22(2): 279. CrossRef - Improvement of the Sensory Characteristics of Goat Milk Yogurt
Diana De Santis, Giuseppina Giacinti, Giulia Chemello, Maria Teresa Frangipane
Journal of Food Science.2019; 84(8): 2289. CrossRef -
Lactobacillus allii sp. nov. isolated from scallion kimchi
Min Young Jung, Se Hee Lee, Moeun Lee, Jung Hee Song, Ji Yoon Chang
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
.2017; 67(12): 4936. CrossRef - Genomic Analysis of Vulcanisaeta thermophila Type Strain CBA1501T Isolated from Solfataric Soil
Joon Yong Kim, Kyung June Yim, Hye Seon Song, Yeon Bee Kim, Dong-Gi Lee, Joseph Kwon, Kyung-Seo Oh, Seong Woon Roh
Frontiers in Microbiology.2016;[Epub] CrossRef - Immunomodulatory effects of Leuconostoc citreum EFEL2061 isolated from kimchi, a traditional Korean food, on the Th2 type-dominant immune response in vitro and in vivo
Hee Kang, Jin Seok Moon, Mi-Gi Lee, Nam Soo Han
Journal of Functional Foods.2016; 20: 79. CrossRef - Systems Biology of Microbial Exopolysaccharides Production
Ozlem Ates
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
- Phosphorylation of the nucleocapsid protein of Hantaan virus by casein kinase II
-
Jeong-Joong Yoon , Yun-Tai Lee , Hin Chu , Seung-yeol Son , Manbok Kim
-
J. Microbiol. 2015;53(5):343-347. Published online May 3, 2015
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5095-3
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46
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2
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Abstract
-
Hantaanvirus (HTNV) is the prototype of the genus Hantavirus,
which belongs to the family Bunyaviridae. Hantaviruses
are carried and transmitted by rodents and are known to
cause two serious disease syndromes in humans i.e., hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and the hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome (HPS). HTNV is an enveloped
virus that contains a tripartite genome consisting of three
negative-sense RNA segments (L, M, S), and the S and M
segment of HTNV, respectively, encode the viral nucleocapsid
protein (NP) and envelope glycoproteins. Possible
phosphorylation motifs of casein kinase II (CKII) and protein
kinase C (PKC) were identified in HTNV NP through
bioinformatics searches. Sucrose gradient SDS-PAGE analysis
indicated that dephosphorylated HTNV NP migrated
faster than non-dephosphorylated NP, suggesting that HTNV
NP is phosphorylated in infected Vero E6 cells. Immunoblot
anaylsis of HTNV particles with anti-phosphoserine antibody
and anti-phosphothreonine antibody after immunoprecipitation
showed that viral particles are readily phosphorylated
at threonine residues. In vitro kinase assay further
showed that HTNV NP is phosphorylated by CK II,
but not by PKC. Full length or truncated HTNV NPs expressed
in E. coli were phosphorylated in vitro by CKII suggesting
that phosphorylation may occur in vivo at multiple
sites. Site specific mutagenesis studies suggest that HTNV
NP phosphorylation might occur at unknown sites excluding
the site-directly mutagenized locations. Taken together,
HTNV NP can be phosphorylated mainly at threonine residues
in vivo by CK II treatment.
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Protein kinase CK2: a potential therapeutic target for diverse human diseases
Christian Borgo, Claudio D’Amore, Stefania Sarno, Mauro Salvi, Maria Ruzzene
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Unique Interferon Pathway Regulation by the Andes Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Is Conferred by Phosphorylation of Serine 386
Matthew J. Simons, Elena E. Gorbunova, Erich R. Mackow, Susana López
Journal of Virology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
- Identification of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus (PERV) packaging sequence and development of PERV packaging viral vector system
-
Jiwon Choi , Hoon-mi Kim , Jong Kwang Yoon , Yeondong Cho , Hee-Jung Lee , Kang Chang Kim , Chang-Kyu Kim , Gye-Woong Kim , Young Bong Kim
-
J. Microbiol. 2015;53(5):348-353. Published online May 3, 2015
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-5134-0
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54
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1
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Abstract
-
Studies of the retroviruses have focused on the specific interaction
of the nucleocapsid protein with a packaging signal
in the viral RNA as important for this selectivity, but the
packaging signal in porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV)
has not been defined. Herein, we identified and analyzed
this packaging signal in PERV and found hairpin structures
with conserved tetranucleotides in their loops and nucleocapsid
recognition sequences; both of which are key elements
in the viral packaging signal of MLV. We evaluated packaging
efficiency of sequence variants isolated from viral and
proviral integrated genomes. All viral packaging sequences
(Ψ) were identical, while five distinct packaging sequences
were identified from proviral sources. One proviral sequence
(Ψ1) was identical to that of the viral Ψ and had the highest
packaging efficiency. Three variants (Ψ2, Ψ3, Ψ4) maintained
key elements of the viral packaging signal, but had nucleotide
replacements and consequently demonstrated reduced
packaging efficiency. Despite of the same overall hairpin
structure, the proviral variant (Ψ5) had only one GACG sequence
in the hairpin loop and showed the lowest packaging
efficiency other than ΔΨ, in which the essential packaging
sequence was removed. This result, thus, defined the
packaging sequences in PERV and emphasized the importance
of nucleotide sequence and RNA structure in the determination
of packaging efficiency. In addition, we demonstrate
efficient infection and gene expression from the PERVbased
viral vector, which may serve as a novel alternative to
current retroviral expression systems.
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus (PERV) – Molecular Structure and Replication Strategy in the Context of Retroviral Infection Risk of Human Cells
Krzysztof Łopata, Emilia Wojdas, Roman Nowak, Paweł Łopata, Urszula Mazurek
Frontiers in Microbiology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef