Journal of Microbiology

Volume 60(6); June 2022

Review

Host–microbial interactions in metabolic diseases: from diet to immunity: Ju-Hyung Lee , Joo-Hong Park; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):561-575. Published online May 5, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2087-y

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Growing evidence suggests that the gut microbiome is an important contributor to metabolic diseases. Alterations in microbial communities are associated with changes in lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, intestinal barrier functions, and chronic inflammation, all of which can lead to metabolic disorders. Therefore, the gut microbiome may represent a novel therapeutic target for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. This review discusses how gut microbes and their products affect metabolic diseases and outlines potential treatment approaches via manipulation of the gut microbiome. Increasing our understanding of the interactions between the gut microbiome and host metabolism may help restore the healthy symbiotic relationship between them.

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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Indications, Methods, and Challenges
Jee Young Lee, Yehwon Kim, Jiyoun Kim, Jiyeun Kate Kim
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(12): 1057. CrossRef
Galectin-4 increases the ability of M2 macrophages to enhance antiviral CD4+ T-cell responses
In-Gu Lee, Yong-Hyun Joo, Hoyeon Jeon, Raehyuk Jeong, Eui Ho Kim, Hyunwoo Chung, Seong-il Eyun, Jeongkyu Kim, Young-Jin Seo, So-Hee Hong
Journal of Leukocyte Biology.2023; 113(1): 71. CrossRef
Microencapsulation of Bacteriophages for the Delivery to and Modulation of the Human Gut Microbiota through Milk and Cereal Products
Christina Schubert, Sabina Fischer, Kathrin Dorsch, Lutz Teßmer, Jörg Hinrichs, Zeynep Atamer
Applied Sciences.2022; 12(13): 6299. CrossRef
Beta-Glucan Alters Gut Microbiota and Plasma Metabolites in Pre-Weaning Dairy Calves
Zhengzhong Luo, Li Ma, Tao Zhou, Yixin Huang, Liben Zhang, Zhenlong Du, Kang Yong, Xueping Yao, Liuhong Shen, Shumin Yu, Xiaodong Shi, Suizhong Cao
Metabolites.2022; 12(8): 687. CrossRef

Journal Articles

Description of Polaribacter batillariae sp. nov., Polaribacter cellanae sp. nov., and Polaribacter pectinis sp. nov., novel bacteria isolated from the gut of three types of South Korean shellfish: Su-Won Jeong , Jeong Eun Han , June-Young Lee , Ji-Ho Yoo , Do-Yeon Kim , In Chul Jeong , Jee-Won Choi , Yun-Seok Jeong , Jae-Yun Lee , So-Yeon Lee , Euon Jung Tak , Hojun Sung , Hyun Sik Kim , Pil Soo Kim , Dong-Wook Hyun , Jin-Woo Bae; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):576-584. Published online April 18, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1604-3

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Abstract

Three aerobic, Gram-negative, and rod-shaped bacterial strains, designated strains G4M1T, SM13T, and L12M9T, were isolated from the gut of Batillaria multiformis, Cellana toreuma, and Patinopecten yessoensis collected from the Yellow Sea in South Korea. All the strains grew optimally at 25°C, in the presence of 2% (w/v) NaCl, and at pH 7. These three strains, which belonged to the genus Polaribacter in the family Flavobacteriaceae, shared < 98.8% in 16S rRNA gene sequence and < 86.68% in whole-genome sequence with each other. Compared with the type strains of Polaribacter, isolates showed the highest sequence similarity to P. haliotis KCTC 52418T (< 98.68%), followed by P. litorisediminis KCTC 52500T (< 98.13%). All the strains contained MK-6 as their predominant menaquinone and iso-C15:0 as their major fatty acid. Moreover, all the strains had phosphatidylethanolamine as their polar lipid component. In addition, strain G4M1T had two unidentified lipids and three unidentified aminolipids, strain SM13T had three unidentified lipids and three unidentified aminolipids, and strain L12M9T had three unidentified lipids and one unidentified aminolipid. The DNA G + C contents of strains G4M1T, SM13T, and L12M9T were 31.0, 30.4, and 29.7 mol%, respectively. Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic, and genotypic findings, strains G4M1T (= KCTC 82388T = DSM 112372T), SM13T (= KCTC 82389T = DSM 112373T), and L12M9T (= KCTC 62751T = DSM 112374T) were classified into the genus Polaribacter as the type strains of novel species, for which the names Polaribacter batillariae sp. nov., Polaribacter cellanae sp. nov., and Polaribacter pectinis sp. nov., respectively, have been proposed.

Citations

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Unique skin microbiome: insights to understanding bacterial symbionts in octopuses
Chelsea O. Bennice, Lauren E. Krausfeldt, W. Randy Brooks, Jose V. Lopez
Frontiers in Marine Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
An update on novel taxa and revised taxonomic status of bacteria isolated from aquatic host species described in 2022–2023
Claire R. Burbick, Sara D. Lawhon, Brittany Bukouras, Giovanna Lazzerini, Erik Munson, Romney M. Humphries
Journal of Clinical Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Polaribacter ponticola sp. nov., isolated from seawater, reclassification of Polaribacter undariae as a later heterotypic synonym of Polaribacter sejongensis, and emended description of Polaribacter sejongensis Kim et al. 2013
Ju Hye Baek, Mahrukh Butt, Dong Min Han, Jeong Min Kim, Seohui Choi, Che Ok Jeon
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Rhodobacteraceae are Prevalent and Ecologically Crucial Bacterial Members in Marine Biofloc Aquaculture
Meora Rajeev, Jang-Cheon Cho
Journal of Microbiology.2024; 62(11): 985. CrossRef
Validation List no. 207. Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM
Aharon Oren, George Garrity
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Nocardioides palaemonis sp. nov. and Tessaracoccus palaemonis sp. nov., isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of lake prawn
Do-Yeon Kim, In-Chul Jeong, So-Yeon Lee, Yun-Seok Jeong, Jeong Eun Han, Euon Jung Tak, June-Young Lee, Pil Soo Kim, Dong-Wook Hyun, Jin-Woo Bae
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology .2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Flaviflexus equikiangi sp. nov. isolated from faeces of Equus kiang (Tibetan wild ass) and carrying a class 1 integron gene cassette in its genome: Caixin Yang , Xingxing Lian , Yanpeng Cheng , Yifan Jiao , Jing Yang , Kui Dong , Shan Lu , Xin-He Lai , Dong Jin , Han Zheng , Ji Pu , Suping Wang , Liyun Liu , Jianguo Xu; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):585-593. Published online April 18, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1673-3

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Abstract: Two Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative, non-spore-forming, cocci-shaped strains (dk850T and JY899) were isolated from the feces of Equus kiang in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analyses showed that strains dk850T and JY899 belong to the genus Flaviflexus, closest to F. salsibiostraticola KCTC 33148T, F. ciconiae KCTC 49253T and F. huanghaiensis H5T. The DNA G + C content of strain dk850T was 62.9%. The digital DNADNA hybridization values of strain dk850T with the closely related species were below the 70% threshold for species demarcation. The two strains grew best at 28°C on brain heart infusion (BHI) agar with 5% sheep blood. All strains had C18:1ω9c and C16:0 as the major cellular fatty acids. MK-9(H4) was the major menaquinone in strain dk850T. The major polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified phospholipid. Strains dk850T and JY899 were identified as carrying a class 1 integron containing the aminoglycoside resistance gene aadA11, both strains were resistant to spectinomycin and streptomycin. Based on several lines of evidence from phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strains dk850T and JY899 represent a novel species of the genus Flaviflexus, for which the name Flaviflexus equikiangi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is dk850T (= CGMCC 1.16593T = JCM 33598T).

Application of fast expectation-maximization microbial source tracking to discern fecal contamination in rivers exposed to low fecal inputs: Youfen Xu , Ganghua Han , Hongxun Zhang , Zhisheng Yu , Ruyin Liu; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):594-601. Published online April 18, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1651-9

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Abstract

Community-based microbial source tracking (MST) can be used to determine fecal contamination from multiple sources in the aquatic environment. However, there is little scientific information on its application potential in water environmental management. Here, we compared SourceTracker and Fast Expectation-maximization Microbial Source Tracking (FEAST) performances on environmental water bodies exposed to low fecal pollution and evaluated treatment effects of fecal pollution in the watershed utilizing community-based MST. Our results showed that FEAST overall outperformed SourceTracker in sensitivity and stability, and was able to discern multi-source fecal contamination (mainly chicken feces) in ambient water bodies exposed to low fecal inputs. Consistent with our previous PCR/qPCR-based MST assays, FEAST analysis indicates that fecal pollution has been significantly mitigated through comprehensive environmental treatment by the local government. This study suggests that FEAST can be a powerful tool for accurately evaluating the contribution of multi-source fecal contamination in environmental water, facilitating environmental management.

Citations

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Faecal source apportionment using molecular methods: A proof of concept using the FEAST algorithm
Laura T. Kelly, Jack Sissons, Lucy Thompson, John K. Pearman
Water Research.2024; 266: 122365. CrossRef
Novel Microbial Engraftment Trajectories Following Microbiota Transplant Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis
Daphne Moutsoglou, Aneesh Syal, Sharon Lopez, Elizabeth C Nelson, Lulu Chen, Amanda J Kabage, Monika Fischer, Alexander Khoruts, Byron P Vaughn, Christopher Staley
Journal of Crohn's and Colitis.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Computational methods and challenges in analyzing intratumoral microbiome data
Qi Wang, Zhaoqian Liu, Anjun Ma, Zihai Li, Bingqiang Liu, Qin Ma
Trends in Microbiology.2023; 31(7): 707. CrossRef
Response and recovery mechanisms of river microorganisms to gradient concentrations of estrogen
Dan Qin, Yan Li, Nengwang Chen, Anyi Hu, Chang-Ping Yu
Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Improving the Identification of Fecal Contamination in Recreational Water through the Standardization and Normalization of Microbial Source Tracking
Megan N. Jamison, John J. Hart, David C. Szlag
ACS ES&T Water.2022; 2(12): 2305. CrossRef

Assessing the microcystins concentration through optimized protein phosphatase inhibition assay in environmental samples: Kyoung-Hee Oh , Kung-Min Beak , Yuna Shin , Young-Cheol Cho; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):602-609. Published online April 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-2020-4

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Abstract

Protein phosphatase (PPase) inhibition assay (PPIA) is widely used to analyze the concentration of microcystins (MCs) because it is comparatively less expensive and faster than other assays. This study aimed to optimize the PPIA by determining a suitable reaction terminator and an optimal methanol concentration in the sample. The most suitable reaction time was 90 min, with the corresponding methanol concentration in the sample being 15% or less. When p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) was used as a substrate, copper chloride solution was suitably used as a reaction terminator, and when 4- methylumbelliferyl phosphate (MUP) was used, a glycine buffer not only increased the measurement sensitivity of the reaction product but also terminated the enzymatic reaction. When PPase 1 and MUP were used as an enzyme and a substrate, respectively, the limit of quantitation for MC-leucine/ arginine (LR) was 0.02 μg/L, whereas it was 0.1 μg/L when pNPP was used as a substrate. The proposed method facilitated the measurement of MC-LR concentration without additional pretreatments, such as concentration or purification; therefore, this method was suitable and feasible for the continuous monitoring of MCs in drinking water.

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Analyzing MC-LR distribution characteristics in natural lakes by a novel fluorescence technology
Xiangyu Hu, Zhaomin Wang, Xiao Ye, Ping Xie, Yong Liu
Environmental Pollution.2024; 342: 123123. CrossRef
Magnetic solid phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection based on assembled magnetic covalent organic frameworks for selective extraction and detection of microcystins in aquatic foods
Tianliang Wang, Hongzhen Xie, Yuting Cao, Qing Xu, Ning Gan
Journal of Chromatography A.2022; 1685: 463614. CrossRef

Prevalence and characteristics of the mcr-1 gene in retail meat samples in Zhejiang Province, China: Biao Tang , Jiang Chang , Yi Luo , Han Jiang , Canying Liu , Xingning Xiao , Xiaofeng Ji , Hua Yang; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):610-619. Published online March 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1597-y

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Abstract

Considering the serious threat to food safety and public health posed by pathogens with colistin resistance, colistin was banned as a growth promoter in 2017 in China. In recent years, the resistance rate of Escherichia coli isolated from animal intestines or feces to colistin has decreased. However, the prevalence and characteristics of the mcr-1 gene in retail meat have not been well explored. Herein, 106 mcr-1-negative and 16 mcr- 1-positive E. coli isolates were randomly recovered from 120 retail meat samples and screened using colistin. The 106 E. coli isolates showed maximum resistance to sulfafurazole (73.58%) and tetracycline (62.26%) but susceptibility to colistin (0.00%). All 16 mcr-1-positive E. coli isolates showed resistance to colistin, were extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive and exhibited complex multidrug resistance (MDR). For these 16 isolates, 17 plasmid replicons and 42 antibiotic resistance genes were identified, and at least 7 antibiotic resistance genes were found in each isolate. Acquired disinfectant resistance genes were identified in 75.00% (12/16) of the isolates. Furthermore, comparative genomic and phylogenetic analysis
results
indicated that these 16 mcr-1-positive E. coli isolates and the most prevalent mcr-1-harboring IncI2 plasmid in this study were closely related to other previously reported mcr-1-positive E. coli isolates and the IncI2 plasmid, respectively, showing their wide distribution. Taken together, our findings showed that retail meat products were a crucial reservoir of mcr-1 during the colistin ban period and should be continuously monitored.

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Regression models from portable NIR spectra for predicting the carcass traits and meat quality of beef cattle
Nathália Veloso Trópia, Rizielly Saraiva Reis Vilela, Flávia Adriane de Sales Silva, Dhones Rodrigues Andrade, Adailton Camêlo Costa, Fernando Alerrandro Andrade Cidrini, Jardeson de Souza Pinheiro, Pauliane Pucetti, Mario Luiz Chizzotti, Sebastião de Cam
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0303946. CrossRef
IncHI1 plasmids mediated the tet(X4) gene spread in Enterobacteriaceae in porcine
Jiangang Ma, Juan Wang, Hua Yang, Mengru Su, Ruichao Li, Li Bai, Jie Feng, Yuting Huang, Zengqi Yang, Biao Tang
Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence and molecular characteristics of polymyxin-resistant Enterobacterales in a Chinese tertiary teaching hospital
Chenlu Xiao, Xuming Li, Lianjiang Huang, Huiluo Cao, Lizhong Han, Yuxing Ni, Han Xia, Zhitao Yang
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Farm to table: colistin resistance hitchhiking through food
Absar Talat, Carla Miranda, Patrícia Poeta, Asad U. Khan
Archives of Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Detection of mcr-1-harbouring Escherichia coli by quantum dot labelling of synthetic small peptides mimicking lipopolysaccharide receptors
Chenghao Wang, Biao Tang, Jiusheng Wu, Xi Jin, Shuwen Ke, Hua Yang, Yuehuan Liu
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents.2023; 62(3): 106898. CrossRef
Genomic characterization of multidrug-resistance gene cfr in Escherichia coli recovered from food animals in Eastern China
Biao Tang, Juan Ni, Jiahui Lin, Yangying Sun, Hui Lin, Yuehong Wu, Hua Yang, Min Yue
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Antimicrobial resistance and genomic characterization of Escherichia coli from pigs and chickens in Zhejiang, China
Wei Zhou, Rumeng Lin, Zhijin Zhou, Jiangang Ma, Hui Lin, Xue Zheng, Jingge Wang, Jing Wu, Yuzhi Dong, Han Jiang, Hua Yang, Zhangnv Yang, Biao Tang, Min Yue
Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
The Occurrence and Genomic Characteristics of mcr-1-Harboring Salmonella from Retail Meats and Eggs in Qingdao, China
Changan Li, Xiulei Gu, Liping Zhang, Yuqing Liu, Yan Li, Ming Zou, Baotao Liu
Foods.2022; 11(23): 3854. CrossRef

The C-22 sterol desaturase Erg5 is responsible for ergosterol biosynthesis and conidiation in Aspergillus fumigatus: Nanbiao Long , Guowei Zhong; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):620-626. Published online April 18, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1564-7

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Abstract

Aspergillus fumigatus is the most prevalent saprophytic fungi and can cause severe invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. For infection of A. fumigatus, the small hydrophobic conidia have been shown to play a dominant role. In this study, we found that deletion of erg5, a C-22 sterol desaturase gene which function in the last two steps of ergosterol biosynthesis, was sufficient to block ergosterol biosynthesis and conidiation. The deletion phenotype was further verified by a conditional expression strain of erg5 using the inducible tet-on system. Strikingly, erg5 mutant displays increased susceptibility to antifungal azoles itraconazole. RNA sequencing analysis showed that erg5 deficiency resulted in changes in transcription mainly related to lipid, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism. Genes encoding ergosterol biosynthesis- related enzymes were found to be up-regulated in erg5 null mutants. However, genes involved in asexual development, including upstream regulators, melanin biosynthesis enzymes, heterotrimeric G proteins, and MAPK signaling, were down-regulated to various degrees. Furthermore, metabolomic study revealed that erg5 deficiency also resulted in altered lipid and amino acid metabolism, which was consistent with our transcriptomics analysis. Collectively, our study established a link between ergosterol biosynthesis and asexual development at the transcriptomics and metabolomics level in A. fumigatus.

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Quantitative proteomic analysis reveals Ga(III) polypyridyl catecholate complexes disrupt Aspergillus fumigatus mitochondrial function
Magdalena Piatek, Brunella Grassiri, Lewis More O’Ferrall, Anna Maria Piras, Giovanna Batoni, Semih Esin, Christine O’Connor, Darren Griffith, Anne Marie Healy, Kevin Kavanagh
JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry.2024; 29(7-8): 707. CrossRef
Ergosterol Is Critical for Sporogenesis in Cryptococcus neoformans
Amber R. Matha, Xiaofeng Xie, Xiaorong Lin
Journal of Fungi.2024; 10(2): 106. CrossRef
Erg4 Is Involved in Ergosterol Biosynthesis, Conidiation and Stress Response in Penicillium expansum
Zhanhong Han, Yuanyuan Zong, Xuemei Zhang, Di Gong, Bin Wang, Dov Prusky, Edward Sionov, Huali Xue, Yang Bi
Journal of Fungi.2023; 9(5): 568. CrossRef
A chromosome-scale genome assembly of the grape powdery mildew pathogen Erysiphe necator reveals its genomic architecture and previously unknown features of its biology
Alex Z. Zaccaron, Tara Neill, Jacob Corcoran, Walter F. Mahaffee, Ioannis Stergiopoulos, Gustavo H. Goldman
mBio.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Gamma-glutamyltransferase of Helicobacter pylori alters the proliferation, migration, and pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells by affecting metabolism and methylation status: Zeyu Wang , Weijun Wang , Huiying Shi , Lingjun Meng , Xin Jiang , Suya Pang , Mengke Fan , Rong Lin; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):627-639. Published online April 18, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1575-4

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Abstract

Virulence factor gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) of H. pylori consumes glutamine (Gln) in the stomach to decrease the tricarboxylic acid metabolite alpha-ketoglutarate (α-kg) and alter the downstream regulation of α-kg as well as cellular biological characteristics. Our previous research indicated that under H. pylori infection, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) migrated to the stomach and participated in gastric cancer (GC) development either by differentiating into epithelial cells or promoting angiogenesis. However, how MSCs themselves participate in H. pylori-indicated GC remains unclear. Therefore, a GGT knockout H. pylori strain (Hp- KS-1) was constructed, and downstream histone H3K9 and H3K27 methylation and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway of α-kg were detected using Western blotting. The biological characteristics of MSCs were also examined. An additive α-kg supplement was also added to H. pylori-treated MSCs to investigate alterations in these aspects. Compared to the control and Hp-KS-1 groups, H. pylori-treated MSCs reduced Gln and α-kg, increased H3K9me3 and H3K27me3, activated the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, and promoted the proliferation, migration, self-renewal, and pluripotency of MSCs. The addition of α-kg rescued the H. pylori-induced alterations. Injection of MSCs to nude mice resulted in the largest tumors in the H. pylori group and significantly reduced tumor sizes in the Hp-KS-1 and α-kg groups. In summary, GGT of H. pylori affected MSCs by interfering with the metabolite α-kg to increase trimethylation of histone H3K9 and H3K27, activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and promoting proliferation, migration, self-renewal, and pluripotency in tumorigenesis, elucidating the mechanisms of MSCs in GC development.

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Gamma-glutamyl transferase secreted by Helicobacter pylori promotes the development of gastric cancer by affecting the energy metabolism and histone methylation status of gastric epithelial cells
Xin Jiang, Weijun Wang, Zeyu Wang, Zhe Wang, Huiying Shi, Lingjun Meng, Suya Pang, Mengke Fan, Rong Lin
Cell Communication and Signaling.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Design of a Helicobacter pylori multi-epitope vaccine based on immunoinformatics
Man Cui, Xiaohui Ji, Fengtao Guan, Guimin Su, Lin Du
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Gastric cancer and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: from pro-tumorigenic effects to anti-cancer vehicles
Maryam Dolatshahi, Ahmad Reza Bahrami, Qaiser Iftikhar Sheikh, Mohsen Ghanbari, Maryam M. Matin
Archives of Pharmacal Research.2024; 47(1): 1. CrossRef
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Modulate Angiogenesis in Gastric Cancer
Fawzy Akad, Veronica Mocanu, Sorin Nicolae Peiu, Viorel Scripcariu, Bogdan Filip, Daniel Timofte, Florin Zugun-Eloae, Magdalena Cuciureanu, Monica Hancianu, Teodor Oboroceanu, Laura Condur, Radu Florin Popa
Biomedicines.2023; 11(4): 1031. CrossRef
Helicobacter pylori and Its Role in Gastric Cancer
Victor E. Reyes
Microorganisms.2023; 11(5): 1312. CrossRef

Availability of polyamines affects virulence and survival of Neisseria meningitidis: Poonam Kanojiya , Riya Joshi , Sunil D. Saroj; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):640-648. Published online April 18, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1589-y

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Abstract

Neisseria meningitidis is a Gram-negative human-restricted pathogen that asymptomatically resides in the human respiratory tract. Meningococcal meningitis and sepsis both are caused by N. meningitidis. The bacterium must adhere to host epithelial cells in order to colonize effectively. The factors that determine the initial attachment to the host and dispersal, are not well understood. Metabolites released by the host may aid in meningococcal colonization and dissemination. Polyamines are aliphatic polycations that assist in cell survival and proliferation. The virulence properties of N. meningitidis after exposure to polyamines were investigated. Adhesion to nasopharyngeal epithelial cells increased in the presence of spermine. Also, the relative expression of adhesin, pilE increased in the presence of spermine. Further, relative expression of ctrA, ctrB and lipB was upregulated in the presence of spermidine, indicating increased capsule formation. Upregulated capsule synthesis of N. meningitidis in the presence of spermidine allows it to survive in murine macrophages. The study suggests the importance of the extracellular pool of polyamines in promoting virulence in N. meningitidis.

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Epsilon-poly-l-lysine inhibits biofilm formation and aids dispersion in Acinetobacter baumannii
Ujjayni Saha, Sakshi Shinde, Savita Jadhav, Sunil D. Saroj
Medicine in Microecology.2024; 21: 100110. CrossRef
Effect of respiratory tract co-colonizers on initial attachment of Neisseria meningitidis
Poonam Kanojiya, Sunil D. Saroj
Archives of Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Antibiotics modulates the virulence of Neisseria meningitidis by regulating capsule synthesis
Tiyasa Haldar, Riya Joshi, Sunil D. Saroj
Microbial Pathogenesis.2023; 179: 106117. CrossRef

Weigela florida inhibits the expression of inflammatory mediators induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus infection: Hyo Bin Kim , Soomin Cho , Yeji Lee , Weihui Wu , Un-Hwan Ha; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):649-656. Published online April 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1638-6

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Abstract

Inflammatory responses involve the action of inflammatory mediators that are necessary for the clearance of invading bacterial pathogens. However, excessive production of inflammatory mediators can damage tissues, thereby impairing bacterial clearance. Here, we examined the effects of Weigela florida on the expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus infection in macrophages. The results showed that pre-treatment with W. florida markedly downregulated the bacterial infectionmediated expression of cytokines. Additionally, post-treatment also triggered anti-inflammatory effects in cells infected with S. aureus to a greater extent than in those infected with P. aeruginosa. Bacterial infection activated inflammation-associated AKT (Thr308 and Ser473)/NF-κB and MAPK (p38, JNK, and ERK) signaling pathways, whereas W. florida treatment typically inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT/NF‐κB and p38/JNK, supporting the anti‐inflammatory effects of W. florida. The present results suggest that W. florida decreases the infection-mediated expression of inflammatory mediators by inhibiting the AKT/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, implying that it may have potential use as an inhibitory agent of excessive inflammatory responses.

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Multifunctional fluorescence probe for simultaneous detection of viscosity, polarity, and ONOO− and its bioimaging in vitro and vivo
Yuan-Yuan Li, Jia-Ling Hu, Ji-Rou Wu, Yi-Ru Wang, Ai-Hong Zhang, Yu-Wei Tan, Ya-Jing Shang, Ting Liang, Min Li, Ya-Li Meng, Yan-Fei Kang
Biosensors and Bioelectronics.2024; 254: 116233. CrossRef
Polymicrobial interactions influence Mycobacterium abscessus co-existence and biofilm forming capabilities
Nishant Nandanwar, Geoffery Gu, Joy E. Gibson, Michael N. Neely
Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Tissue damage alleviation and mucin inhibition by P5 in a respiratory infection mouse model with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Jun Hee Oh, Jonggwan Park, Hee Kyoung Kang, Hee Joo Park, Yoonkyung Park
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2024; 181: 117724. CrossRef
Spatiotemporal Deep-Learning-Based Algal Bloom Prediction for Lake Okeechobee Using Multisource Data Fusion
Yufei Tang, Yingqi Feng, Sasha Fung, Veronica Ruiz Xomchuk, Mingshun Jiang, Tim Moore, Jordon Beckler
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing.2022; 15: 8318. CrossRef

Retraction of Publication

Retraction Note to: Identification of the Vibrio vulnificus htpG Gene and Its Influence on Cold Shock Recovery: Slae Choi , Kyungku Jang , Seulah Choi , Hee-jee Yun , Dong-Hyun Kang; J. Microbiol. 2022;60(6):657-657.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-022-1680-4

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